the antiquities of the jews-1-第181章

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in　jest；　put　him　in　mind　that　he　was　but　a　private　man；　but
Manahem　smiled　to　himself；　and　clapped　him　on　his　backside　with
his　hand；　and　said；〃　However　that　be；　thou　wilt　be　king；　and　wilt
begin　thy　reign　happily；　for　God　finds　thee　worthy　of　it。　And　do
thou　remember　the　blows　that　Manahem　hath　given　thee；　as　being　a
signal　of　the　change　of　thy　fortune。　And　truly　this　will　be　the
best　reasoning　for　thee；　that　thou　love　justice　＇towards　men＇；
and　piety　towards　God；　and　clemency　towards　thy　citizens；　yet　do
I　know　how　thy　whole　conduct　will　be；　that　thou　wilt　not　be　such
a　one；　for　thou　wilt　excel　all　men　in　happiness；　and　obtain　an
everlasting　reputation；　but　wilt　forget　piety　and　righteousness；
and　these　crimes　will　not　be　concealed　from　God；　at　the
conclusion　of　thy　life；　when　thou　wilt　find　that　he　will　be
mindful　of　them；　and　punish　time　for　them。〃　Now　at　that　time
Herod　did　not　at　all　attend　to　what　Manahem　said；　as　having　no
hopes　of　such　advancement；　but　a　little　afterward；　when　he　was　so
fortunate　as　to　be　advanced　to　the　dignity　of　king；　and　was　in
the　height　of　his　dominion；　he　sent　for　Manahem；　and　asked　him
how　long　he　should　reign。　Manahem　did　not　tell　him　the　full
length　of　his　reign；　wherefore；　upon　that　silence　of　his；　he
asked　him　further；　whether　he　should　reign　ten　years　or　not？　He
replied；　〃Yes；　twenty；　nay；　thirty　years；〃　but　did　not　assign　the
just　determinate　limit　of　his　reign。　Herod　was　satisfied　with
these　replies；　and　gave　Manahem　his　hand；　and　dismissed　him；　and
from　that　time　he　continued　to　honor　all　the　Essens。　We　have
thought　it　proper　to　relate　these　facts　to　our　readers；　how
strange　soever　they　be；　and　to　declare　what　hath　happened　among
us；　because　many　of　these　Essens　have；　by　their　excellent　virtue；
been　thought　worthy　of　this　knowledge　of　Divine　revelations。

CHAPTER　11。

How　Herod　Rebuilt　The　Temple　And　Raised　It　Higher　And　Made　It
More　Magnificent　Than　It　Was　Before；　As　Also　Concerning　That
Tower　Which　He　Called　Antonia。

1。　And　now　Herod；　in　the　eighteenth　year　of　his　reign；　and　after
the　acts　already　mentioned；　undertook　a　very　great　work；　that　is；
to　build　of　himself　the　temple　of　God；　（22）　and　make　it　larger　in
compass；　and　to　raise　it　to　a　most　magnificent　altitude；　as
esteeming　it　to　be　the　most　glorious　of　all　his　actions；　as　it
really　was；　to　bring　it　to　perfection；　and　that　this　would　be
sufficient　for　an　everlasting　memorial　of　him；　but　as　he　knew　the
multitude　were　not　ready　nor　willing　to　assist　him　in　so　vast　a
design；　he　thought　to　prepare　them　first　by　making　a　speech　to
them；　and　then　set　about　the　work　itself；　so　he　called　them
together；　and　spake　thus　to　them：　〃I　think　I　need　not　speak　to
you；　my　countrymen；　about　such　other　works　as　I　have　done　since　I
came　to　the　kingdom；　although　I　may　say　they　have　been　performed
in　such　a　manner　as　to　bring　more　security　to　you　than　glory　to
myself；　for　I　have　neither　been　negligent　in　the　most　difficult
times　about　what　tended　to　ease　your　necessities；　nor　have　the
buildings。　I　have　made　been　so　proper　to　preserve　me　as
yourselves　from　injuries；　and　I　imagine　that；　with　God's
assistance；　I　have　advanced　the　nation　of　the　Jews　to　a　degree　of
happiness　which　they　never　had　before；　and　for　the　particular
edifices　belonging　to　your　own　country；　and　your　own　cities；　as
also　to　those　cities　that　we　have　lately　acquired；　which　we　have
erected　and　greatly　adorned；　and　thereby　augmented　the　dignity　of
your　nation；　it　seems　to　me　a　needless　task　to　enumerate　them　to
you；　since　you　well　know　them　yourselves；　but　as　to　that
undertaking　which　I　have　a　mind　to　set　about　at　present；　and
which　will　be　a　work　of　the　greatest　piety　and　excellence　that
can　possibly　be　undertaken　by　us；　I　will　now　declare　it　to　you。
Our　fathers；　indeed；　when　they　were　returned　from　Babylon；　built
this　temple　to　God　Almighty；　yet　does　it　want　sixty　cubits　of　its
largeness　in　altitude；　for　so　much　did　that　first　temple　which
Solomon　built　exceed　this　temple；　nor　let　any　one　condemn　our
fathers　for　their　negligence　or　want　of　piety　herein；　for　it　was
not　their　fault　that　the　temple　was　no　higher；　for　they　were
Cyrus；　and　Darius　the　son　of　Hystaspes；　who　determined　the
measures　for　its　rebuilding；　and　it　hath　been　by　reason　of　the
subjection　of　those　fathers　of　ours　to　them　and　to　their
posterity；　and　after　them　to　the　Macedonians；　that　they　had　not
the　opportunity　to　follow　the　original　model　of　this　pious
edifice；　nor　could　raise　it　to　its　ancient　altitude；　but　since　I
am　now；　by　God's　will；　your　governor；　and　I　have　had　peace　a　long
time；　and　have　gained　great　riches　and　large　revenues；　and；　what
is　the　principal　filing　of　all；　I　am　at　amity　with　and　well
regarded　by　the　Romans；　who；　if　I　may　so　say；　are　the　rulers　of
the　whole　world；　I　will　do　my　endeavor　to　correct　that
imperfection；　which　hath　arisen　from　the　necessity　of　our
affairs；　and　the　slavery　we　have　been　under　formerly；　and　to　make
a　thankful　return；　after　the　most　pious　manner；　to　God；　for　what
blessings　I　have　received　from　him；　by　giving　me　this　kingdom；
and　that　by　rendering　his　temple　as　complete　as　I　am　able。〃

2。　And　this　was　the　speech　which　Herod　made　to　them；　but　still
this　speech　aftrighted　many　of　the　people；　as　being　unexpected　by
them；　and　because　it　seemed　incredible；　it　did　not　encourage
them；　but　put　a　damp　upon　them；　for　they　were　afraid　that　he
would　pull　down　the　whole　edifice；　and　not　be　able　to　bring　his
intentions　to　perfection　for　its　rebuilding；　and　this　danger
appeared　to　them　to　be　very　great；　and　the　vastness　of　the
undertaking　to　be　such　as　could　hardly　be　accomplished。　But　while
they　were　in　this　disposition；　the　king　encouraged　them；　and　told
them　he　would　not　pull　down　their　temple　till　all　things　were
gotten　ready　for　building　it　up　entirely　again。　And　as　he
promised　them　this　beforehand；　so　he　did　not　break　his　word　with
them；　but　got　ready　a　thousand　waggons；　that　were　to　bring　stones
for　the　building；　and　chose　out　ten　thousand　of　the　most　skillful
workmen；　and　bought　a　thousand　sacerdotal　garments　for　as　many　of
the　priests；　and　had　some　of　them　taught　the　arts　of
stone…cutters；　and　others　of　carpenters；　and　then　began　to　build；
but　this　not　till　every　thing　was　well　prepared　for　the　work。

3。　So　Herod　took　away　the　old　foundations；　and　laid　others；　and
erected　the　temple　upon　them；　being　in　length　a　hundred　cubits；
and　in　height　twenty　additional　cubits；　which　＇twenty＇；　upon　the
sinking　of　their　foundations　（23）　fell　down；　and　this　part　it　was
that　we　resolved　to　raise　again　in　the　days　of　Nero。　Now　the
temple　was　built　of　stones　that　were　white　and　strong；　and　each
of　their　length　was　twenty…five　cubits；　their　height　was　eight；
and　their　breadth　about　twelve；　and　the　whole　structure；　as　also
the　structure　of　the　royal　cloister；　was　on　each　side　much　lower；
but　the　middle　was　much　higher；　till　they　were　visible　to　those
that　dwelt　in　the　country　for　a　great　many　furlongs；　but　chiefly
to　such　as　lived　over　against　them；　and　those　that　approached　to
them。　The　temple　had　doors　also　at　the　entrance；　and　lintels　over
them；　of　the　same　height　with　the　temple　itself。　They　were
adorned　with　embroidered　veils；　with　their　flowers　of　purple；　and
pillars　interwoven；　and　over　these；　but　under　the　crown…work；　was
spread　out　a　golden　vine；　with　its　branches　hanging　down　from　a
great　height；　the　largeness　and　fine　workmanship　of　which　was　a
surprising　sight　to　the　spectators；　to　see　what　vast　materials
there　were；　and　with　what　great　skill　the　workmanship　was　done。
He　also　encompassed　the　entire　temple　with　very　large　cloisters；
contriving　them　to　be　in　a　due　proportion　thereto；　and　he　laid
out　larger　sums　of　money　upon　them　than　had　been　done　before　him；
till　it　seemed　that　no　one　else　had　so　greatly　adorned　the　temple
as　he　had　done。　There　was　a　large　wall　to　both　the　cloisters；
which　wall　was　itself　the　most　prodigious　work　that　was　ever
heard　of　by　man。　The　hill　was　a　rocky　ascent；　that　declined　by
degrees　towards　the　east　parts　of　the　city；　till　it　came　to　an
elevated　level。　This　hill　it　was　which　Solomon；　who　was　the　first
of　our　kings；　by　Divine　revelation；　encompassed　with　a　wall；　it
was　of　excellent　workmanship　upwards；　and　round　the　top　of　it。　He
also　built　a　wall　below；　beginning　at　the　bottom；　which　was
encompassed　by　a　deep　valley；　and　at　the　south　side　he　laid　rocks
together；　and　bound　them　one　to　another　with　lead；　and　included
some　of　the　inner　parts；　till　it　proceeded　to　a　great　height；　and
till　both　the　largeness　of　the　square　edifice　and　its　altitude
were　immense；　and　till　the　vastness　of　the　stones　in　the　front
were　plainly　visible　on　the　outside；　yet　so　that　the　inward　parts
were　fastened　together　with　iron；　and　preserved　the　joints
immovable　for　all　future　times。　When　this　work　＇for　the
foundation＇　was　done　in　this　manner；　and　joined　together　as　part
of　the　hill　itself　to　the　very　top　of　it；　he　wrought　it　all　into
one　outward　surface；　and　filled　up　the　hollow　places　which　were
about　the　wall；　and　made　it　a　level　on　the　external　upper
surface；　and　a　smooth　level　also。　This　hill　was　walled　all　round；
and　in　compass　four　furlongs；　＇the　distance　of＇　each　angle
containing　in　length　a　furlong：　but　within　this　wall；　and　on　the
very　top　of　all；　there　ran　another　wall　of　stone　also；　having；　on
the　east　quarter；　a　double　cloister；　of　the　same　length　with　the
wall；　in　the　midst　of　which　was　the　temple　itself。　This　cloister
looked　to　the　gates　of　the　temple；　and　it　had　been　adorned　by
many　kings　in　former　times；　and　round　about　the　entire　temple
were　fixed　the　spoils　taken　from　barbarous　nations；　all　these　had
been　dedicated　to　the　temple　by　Herod；　with　the　addition　of　those
he　had　taken　from　the　Arabians。

4。　Now　on　the　north　side　＇of　the　temple＇　was　built　a　citadel；
whose　walls　were　square；　and　strong；　and　of　extraordinary
firmness。　This　citadel　was　built　by　the　kings　of　the　Asamonean
race；　who　were　also　high　priests　before　Herod；　and　they　called　it
the　Tower；　in　which　were　reposited　the　vestments　of　the　high
priest；　which　the　high　priest　only　put　on　at　the　time　when　he　was
to　offer　sacrifice。　These　vestments　king　Herod　kept　in　that
place；　and　after　his　death　they　were　under　the　power　of　the
Romans；　until　the　time　of　Tiberius　Caesar；　under　whose　reign
Vitellius；　the　president　of　Syria；　when　he　once　came　to
Jerusalem；　and　had　been　most　magnificently　received　by　the
multitude；　he　had　a　mind　to　make　them　some　requital　for　the
kindness　they　had　shewn　him；　so；　upon　their　petition　to　have
those　holy　vestments　in　their　own　power；　he　wrote　about　them　to
Tiberius　Caesar；　who　granted　his　request：　and　this　their　power
over　the　sacerdotal　vestments　continued　with　the　Jews　till　the
death　of　king　Agrippa；　but　after　that；　Cassius　Longinus；　who　was
president　of　Syria；　and　Cuspius　Fadus；　who　was　procurator　of
Judea；　enjoined　the　Jews　to　reposit　those　vestments　in　the　tower
of　Antonia；　for　that　they　ought　to　have　them　in　their　power；　as
they　formerly　had。　However；　the　Jews　sent　ambassadors　to　Claudius
Caesar；　to　intercede　with　him　for　them；　upon　whose　coming；　king
Agrippa；　junior；　being　then　at　Rome；　asked　for　and　obtained　the
p