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     Why�察  �sir�察  �that   in   itself   would   be   blowing   the   constitution   out   of   the 

mortar in St。 James's Park�察�and leaving nothing of it to be seen but smoke。 

     But this�察�I repeat it�察�is the state of things to which we are fast tending�察�

Mr。 Hood�察�and   I enclose   my card   for your private   eye�察�that   you may  be 

quite certain of it。        What the condition of this country will be�察�when its 

standing army is composed of dwarfs�察�with here and there a wild man to 

throw   its   ranks   into   confusion�察  �like   the   elephants   employed   in   war   in 

former   times�察  �I   leave   you   to   imagine�察  �sir。    It   may   be   objected   by   some 

hopeful      jackanapeses�察      �that  the   number      of   impressments        in  the   navy�察�

consequent upon the seizure of the Boy´Joneses�察�or remaining portion of 

the   population   ambitious   of   Court   Favour�察  �will   be   in   itself   sufficient   to 

defend our   Island   from  foreign invasion。             But   I   tell those   jackanapeses�察�

sir�察  �that   while    I  admit    the   wisdom       of  the   Boy     Jones    precedent�察    �of 

kidnapping       such    youths     after  the   expiration     of  their   several    terms    of 

imprisonment   as   vagabonds�察  �hurrying   them   on   board   ship�察  �and   packing 

them  off   to   sea   again   whenever   they   venture   to   take   the   air   on   shore�察  �I 

deny the   justice   of the  inference�察�inasmuch   as it appears   to   me�察  �that   the 

inquiring minds of those young outlaws must naturally lead to their being 

hanged by the enemy as spies�察�early in their career�察�and before they shall 

have been rated on the books of our fleet as able seamen。 

     Such�察�Mr。 Hood�察�sir�察�is the prospect before us�                   �And unless you�察�and 

some of your friends who have influence at Court�察�can get up a giant as a 

forlorn hope�察�it is all over with this ill´fated land。 

     In   reference   to   your   own   affairs�察  �sir�察  �you   will   take   whatever   course 

may seem to you most prudent and advisable after this warning。                          It is not 

a warning to be slighted�此          �that I happen to know。            I am informed by the 

gentleman   who   favours   this�察  �that   you   have   recently   been   making   some 

changes   and   improvements   in   your   Magazine�察  �and   are�察  �in   point   of   fact�察�

starting afresh。       If I be well informed�察�and this be really so�察�rely upon it 

that   you   cannot   start   too   small�察  �sir。   Come   down   to   the   duodecimo   size 


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instantly�察�Mr。 Hood。        Take time by the forelock�察�and�察�reducing the stature 

of   your   Magazine   every  month�察 �bring   it   at   last   to   the   dimensions   of   the 

little   almanack   no   longer   issued�察  �I   regret   to   say�察  �by   the   ingenious   Mr。 

Schloss�此    �which was invisible to the naked eye until examined through a 

little eye´ glass。 

     You project�察�I am told�察�the publication of a new novel�察�by yourself�察�in 

the pages of your Magazine。           A word in your ear。       I am not a young man�察�

sir�察�and have had some experience。            Don't put your own name on the title´ 

page�察�it would be suicide and madness。              Treat with General Tom Thumb�察�

Mr。   Hood�察  �for   the   use   of   his   name   on   any   terms。   If   the   gallant   general 

should decline to treat with you�察�get Mr。 Barnum's name�察�which is the next 

best in the market。       And when�察�through this politic course�察�you shall have 

received�察  �in   presents�察  �a   richly   jewelled   set   of   tablets   from   Buckingham 

Palace�察�and a gold watch and appendages from Marlborough House�察�and 

when     those   valuable    trinkets   shall  be   left  under   a  glass   case  at  your 

publisher's for inspection by your friends and the public in general��then�察�

sir�察�you will do me the justice of remembering this communication。 

     It   is   unnecessary   for   me   to   add�察  �after   what   I   have   observed   in   the 

course of this letter�察�that I am not��sir�察�ever your 

     CONSTANT READER。 

     TUESDAY�察�23rd April 1844。 

     P。S。Impress it upon your contributors that they cannot be too short�察�

and that if not dwarfish�察�they must be wildor at all events not tame。 


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              CRIME AND EDUCATION 



     I   offer   no   apology   for   entreating   the   attention   of   the   readers   of   The 

Daily News to an effort which has been making for some three years and a 

half�察  �and   which   is   making   now�察  �to   introduce   among   the   most   miserable 

and   neglected   outcasts   in   London�察  �some   knowledge   of   the   commonest 

principles    of  morality    and   religion�察  �to  commence      their  recognition    as 

immortal human creatures�察�before the Gaol Chaplain becomes their only 

schoolmaster�察�to suggest to Society that its duty to this wretched throng�察�

foredoomed to crime and punishment�察�rightfully begins at some distance 

from the police office�察�and that the careless maintenance from year to year�察�

in   this�察 �the  capital   city  of  the   world�察  �of  a  vast   hopeless    nursery   of 

ignorance�察�misery and vice�察�a breeding place for the hulks and jails�此                  �is 

horrible to contemplate。 

     This attempt is being made in certain of the most obscure and squalid 

parts    of  the  Metropolis�察    �where    rooms    are   opened�察   �at  night�察  �for  the 

gratuitous instruction of   all comers�察�children or adults�察�under  the title  of 

RAGGED SCHOOLS。                The name implies the purpose。 They who are too 

ragged�察�wretched�察�filthy�察�and forlorn�察�to enter any other place�此            �who could 

gain admission into no charity school�察�and who would be driven from any 

church     door�察  �are  invited   to  come    in  here�察 �and   find   some   people    not 

depraved�察     �willing    to  teach   them    something�察     �and   show     them    some 

sympathy�察�and stretch a hand out�察�which is not the iron hand of Law�察�for 

their correction。 

     Before I describe a visit of my own to a Ragged School�察�and urge the 

readers of this letter for God's sake to visit one themselves�察�and think of it 

��which is my main object���察�let me say�察�that I know the prisons of London 

well�察�that I have visited the largest of them more times than I could count�察�

and that the children in them are enough to break the heart and hope of 

any man。      I have never taken a foreigner or a stranger of any kind to one 


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of these establishments but I have seen him so moved at sight of the child 

offenders�察      �and    so    affected     by    the   contemplation        of    their    utter 

renouncement and desolation outside the prison walls�察�that he has been as 

little able to disguise his emotion�察�as if some great grief had suddenly burst 

upon     him。    Mr。    Chesterton      and   Lieutenant      Tracey    ��than   whom      more 

intelligent   and   humane   Governors   of   Prisons   it   would   be   hard�察  �if   not 

impossible�察     �to  find��   know     perfectly   well    that  these    children    pass   and 

repass through the prisons all their lives�察�that they are never taught�察�that 

the   first   distinctions   between   right   and     wrong   are�察  �from   their   cradles�察�

perfectly   confounded   and   perverted   in   their   minds�察  �that   they   come   of 

untaught parents�察�and will give birth to another untaught generation�察�that 

in exact proportion to their natural abilities�察�is the extent and scope of their 

depravity�察�and that there is no escape or chance for them in any ordinary 

revolution of human affairs。            Happily�察�there are schools in these prisons 

now。     If any readers doubt how ignorant the children are�察�let them visit 

those schools and see them at their tasks�察�and hear how much they knew 

when they were sent there。            If they would know the produce of this seed�察�

let them  see a   class of   men and   boys together�察  �at their   books ��as   I   have 

seen them in the House of Correction for this county of Middlesex���察�and 

mark how painfully the full grown felons toil at the very shape and form 

of letters�察�their ignorance being so confirmed and solid。                   The contrast of 

this   labour   in   the   men�察  �with   the   less   blunted   quickness   of   the   boys�察  �the 

latent    shame     and    sense   of   degradation      struggling     through     their  dull 

attempts at infant lessons�察�and the universal eagerness to learn�察�impress me�察�

in this passing retrospect�察�more painfully than I can tell。 

     For   the   instruction�察  �and   as   a   first   step   in   the   reformation�察  �of   such 

unhappy beings�察�the Ragged Schools were founded。                      I was first attracted 

to   the   subject�察  �and   indeed   was   first   made   conscious   of   their   existence�察�

about   two   years   ago�察  �or   more�察  �by  seeing   an   advertisement   in   the   papers 

dated     from   West    Street�察  �Saffron    Hill�察  �stating   ;That    a  room    had   been 

opened   and   supported   in   that   wretched   neighbourhood   for   upwards   of 

twelve months�察�where religious instruction had been imparted to the poor;�察�

and explaining in a few words what was meant by Ragged Schools as a 


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generic term�察�including�察�then�察�four or five similar places of instruction。                  I 

wrote     to  the   masters    of  this  particular    school    to  make     some    further 

inquiries�察�and went myself soon afterwards。 

     It was a hot summer night�察�and the air of Field Lane and Saffron Hill 

was not improved   by such   weather�察 �nor were the  people in   those streets 

very    sober    or  honest    company。       Being     unacquainted       with   the   exact 

locality of the school�察�I was fain to make some inquiries about it。                   These 

were very jocosely received in general�察�but everybody knew where it was�察�

and gave the right direction to it。 The prevailing idea among the loungers 

��the   greater   part   of   them   the   very   sweepings   of   the   streets   and   station 

houses�� seemed to be�察�that the teachers were quixotic�察�and the school upon 

the whole ;a lark;。 But there was certainly a kind of rough respect for the 

intention�察�and ��as I have said�� nobody denied the school or its whereabouts�察�

or refused assistance in directing to it。 

     It  consisted     at  that  time    of  either   two   or   threeI   forget   which 

miserable rooms�察�upstairs in a miserable house。                In the best of these�察�the 

pupils   in   the   female   schoo

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