爱爱小说网 > 其他电子书 > the origins of contemporary france-5 >

第7章

the origins of contemporary france-5-第7章

小说: the origins of contemporary france-5 字数: 每页3500字

按键盘上方向键 ← 或 → 可快速上下翻页,按键盘上的 Enter 键可回到本书目录页,按键盘上方向键 ↑ 可回到本页顶部!
————未阅读完?加入书签已便下次继续阅读!




elephant; with a turban on my head; and in my hand a new Koran; which

I composed to suit myself。〃



Confined to Europe; he thinks; after 1804; that he will reorganize

Charlemagne's empire。



〃The French Empire will become the mother country of other

sovereignties。  。  。  I mean that every king in Europe shall build a

grand palace at Paris for his own use; on the coronation of the

Emperor of the French these kings will come and occupy it; they will

grace this imposing ceremony with their presence; and honor it with

their salutations。〃'77' The Pope will come; he came to the first one;

he must necessarily return to Paris; and fix himself there

permanently。  Where could the Holy See be better off than in the new

capital of Christianity; under Napoleon; heir to Charlemagne; and

temporal sovereign of the Sovereign Pontiff? Through the temporal the

emperor will control the spiritual;'78' and through the Pope;

consciences。〃



In November; 1811; unusually excited; he says to De Pradt:



 〃In five years I shall be master of the world; only Russia will

remain; but I will crush her。'79' 。  。  。  Paris will extend out to

St。  Cloud。〃



To render Paris the physical capital of Europe is; through his own

confession; 〃one of his constant dreams。〃



 〃At times;〃 he says;'80'〃I would like to see her a city of two;

three; four millions of inhabitants; something fabulous; colossal;

unknown down to our day; and its public establishments adequate to its

population。  。  。  。  Archimedes proposed to lift the world if he

could be allowed to place his lever; for myself; I would have changed

it wherever I could have been allowed to exercise my energy;

perseverance; and budgets。〃



At all events; he believes so ; for however lofty and badly supported

the next story of his structure may be; he has always ready a new

story; loftier and more unsteady; to put above it。  A few months

before launching himself; with all Europe at his back; against Russia;

he said to Narbonne:'81'



 〃After all; my dear sir; this long road is the road to India。

Alexander started as far off as Moscow to reach the Ganges; this has

occurred to me since St。  Jean d'Acre。  。  。  。  To reach England to…

day I need the extremity of Europe; from which to take Asia in the

rear。  。  。  。  Suppose Moscow taken; Russia subdued; the czar

reconciled; or dead through some court conspiracy; perhaps another and

dependent throne; and tell me whether it is not possible for a French

army; with its auxiliaries; setting out from Tiflis; to get as far as

the Ganges; where it needs only a thrust of the French sword to bring

down the whole of that grand commercial scaffolding throughout India。

It would be the most gigantic expedition; I admit; but practicable in

the nineteenth century。  Through it France; at one stroke; would

secure the independence of the West and the freedom of the seas。〃



While uttering this his eyes shone with strange brilliancy; and he

accumulates subjects; weighing obstacles; means; and chances: the

inspiration is under full headway; and he gives himself up to it。  The

master faculty finds itself suddenly free; and it takes flight; the

artist;'82' locked up in politics; has escaped from his sheath; he is

creating out of the ideal and the impossible。  We take him for what he

is; a posthumous brother of Dante and Michael Angelo。  In the clear

outlines of his vision; in the intensity; coherency; and inward logic

of his dreams; in the profundity of his meditations; in the superhuman

grandeur of his conceptions; he is; indeed; their fellow and their

equal。  His genius is of the same stature and the same structure; he

is one of the three sovereign minds of the Italian Renaissance。  Only;

while the first two operated on paper and on marble; the latter

operates on the living being; on the sensitive and suffering flesh of

humanity。



_______________________________________________________________________



Notes:



'1' Reforms introduced by Napoleon after his coup d'état 9 Nov。  1799。

(SR。)



'2' The main authority is; of course; the 〃correspondance de

l'Empereur Napoléon I。;〃 in thirty…two…volumes。  This correspondance;〃

unfortunately; is still incomplete; while; after the sixth volume; it

must not be forgotten that much of it has been purposely stricken out。

〃In general;〃 say the editors (XVI。; p。4); 〃we have been governed

simply by this plain rule; that we were required to publish only what

the Emperor himself would have given to the public had he survived

himself; and; anticipating the verdict of time; exposed to posterity

his own personality and system。〃 … The savant who has the most

carefully examined this correspondence; entire in the French archives;

estimates that it comprises about 80;000 pieces; of which 30;000 have

been published in the collection referred to; passages in 20;000 of

the others have been stricken out on account of previous publication;

and about 30;000 more; through considerations of propriety or policy。

For example; but little more than one…half of the letters from

Napoleon to Bigot de Préameneu on ecclesiastical matters have been

published; many of these omitted letters; all important and

characteristic; may be found in 〃L'église romaine et le Premier

Empire;〃 by M。 d'Haussonville。  The above…mentioned savant estimates

the number of important letters not yet published at 2;000。



'3' 〃Mémorial de Sainte Héléne;〃 by Las Casas (May 29; 1816)。…〃In

Corsica; Paoli; on a horseback excursion; explained the positions to

him; the places where liberty found resistance or triumphed。

Estimating the character of Napoleon by what he saw of it through

personal observation; Paoli said to him; 〃Oh; Napoleon; there is

nothing modern in you; you belong wholly to Plutarch!〃 Antonomarchi;

〃Mémoires;〃 Oct。  25; 1819。  The same account; slightly different; is

there given: 〃Oh。  Napoleon;〃 said Paoli to me; 〃you do not belong to

this century; you talk like one of Plutarch's characters。  Courage;

you will take flight yet!〃



'4' De Ségur; 〃Histoire et Mémoires;〃 I。; 150。  (Narrative by

Pontécoulant; member of the committee in the war; June; 1795。) 〃Boissy

d'Anglas told him that he had seen the evening before a little

Italian;  pale; slender; and puny; but singularly audacious in his

views and in the vigor of his expressions。  …  The next day; Bonaparte

calls on Pontécou1ant; 〃Attitude rigid through a morbid pride; poor

exterior; long visage; hollow and bronzed。  。  。  。  He is just from

the army and talks like one who knows what he is talking about。〃



'5' Coston; 〃Biographie des premières années de Napoléon Buonaparte;〃

2 vols。  (1840); passim。 … Yung; 〃 Bonaparte et son Temps;〃 I。; 300;

302。  (Pièces généalogiques。) … King Joseph; 〃Mémoires;〃 I。; 109; 111。

(On the various branches and distinguished men of the Bonaparte

family。) … Miot de Melito; 〃Mémoires;〃 II。; 30。  (Documents on the

Bonaparte family; collected on the spot by the author in 1801。)



'6' 〃Mémorial;〃  May 6; 1816。  … Miot de Melito; II。; 30。  (On the

Bonapartes of San Miniato): 〃The last offshoot of this branch was a

canon then still living in this same town of San Miniato; and visited

by Bonaparte in the year IV; when he came to Florence。〃



'7' 〃Correspondance de l'Empereur Napoléon I。〃 (Letter of Bonaparte;

Sept。29; 1797; in relation to Italy): 〃A people at bottom inimical to

the French through the prejudices; character; and customs of

centuries。〃



'8' Miot de Melito; I。; 126; (1796): 〃Florence; for two centuries and

a half; had lost that antique energy which; in the stormy times of the

Republic; distinguished this city。  Indolence was the dominant spirit

of all classes。  。   。  Almost everywhere I saw only men lulled to

rest by the charms of the most exquisite climate; occupied solely with

the details of a monotonous existence; and tranquilly vegetating under

its beneficent sky。〃  … (On Milan; in 1796; cf。  Stendhal;

introduction to the 〃Chartreuse de Parme。〃)



'9' 〃Miot de Melito; I。; 131: 〃Having just left one of the most

civilized cities in Italy; it was not without some emotion that I

found myself suddenly transported to a country (Corsica) which; in its

savage aspect; its rugged mountains; and its inhabitants uniformly

dressed in coarse brown cloth; contrasted so strongly with the rich

and smiling landscape of Tuscany; and with the comfort; I should

almost say elegance; of costume worn by the happy cultivators of that

fertile soil。〃



'10' Miot de Melito; II。; 30: 〃Of a not very important family of

Sartène。〃 … II。; 143。  (On the canton of Sartène and the Vendettas of

1796)。 … Coston; I。; 4: 〃The family of Madame Laetitia; sprung from

the counts of Cotalto; came originally from Italy。〃



'11' His father; Charles Bonaparte; weak and even frivolous; 〃too fond

of pleasure to care about his children;〃 and to see to his affairs;

tolerably learned and an indifferent head of a family; died at the age

of thirty…nine of a cancer in the stomach; which seems to be the only

bequest he made to his son Napoleon。  … His mother; on the contrary;

serious; authoritative; the true head of a family; was; said Napoleon;

〃hard in her affections  she punished and rewarded without

distinction; good or bad; she made us all feel it。〃 … On becoming head

of the household; 〃she was too parsimonious…even ridiculously so。

This was due to excess of foresight on her part; she had known want;

and her terrible sufferings were never out of her mind。  。  。  。

Paoli had tried persuasion with her before resorting to force。  。  。

。  Madame replied heroically; as a Cornelia would have done。  。  。  。

From 12 to 15;000 peasants poured down from the mountains of Ajaccio;

our house was pillaged and burnt; our vines destroyed; and our flocks。

。  。  。  In other respects; this woman; from whom it would have been

so difficult to extract five francs; would have given up everything to

secure my return from Elba; and after Waterloo she offered me all she

possessed to restore my affairs。〃 (〃 Mémorial;〃 May 29; 1816; and

〃Mémoires d'Antonomarchi;〃 Nov。  18; 1819。  …  On the ideas and ways

of Bonaparte's mother; read her 〃Conversation〃 in 〃Journal et

Mémoires;〃 vol。  IV。; by Stanislas Girardin。) Duchesse d'Abrantès; 〃

Mémoires;〃 II。; 318; 369。  〃Avaricious out of all reason except on a

few grave occasions。  。  。  。  No knowledge whatever of the usages of

society。  。  。  。  very ignorant; not alone of our literature; but of

her own。〃 … Stendhal; 〃Vie de Napoleon〃: 〃The character of her son is

to be explained by the perfectly Italian character of Madame

Laetitia。〃



'12' The French conquest is effected by armed force between July 30;

1768; and May 22; 1769。  The Bonaparte family submitted May 23; 1769;

and Napoleon was born on the following 15th of August。



'13' Antonomarchi; 〃Mémoires;〃 October 4; 1819。  〃M

返回目录 上一页 下一页 回到顶部 0 1

你可能喜欢的