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the compleat angler(換許寄畠)-及6嫗

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like in England�察�and the like in Lochmere in Ireland。 There is also a river 

in Arabia�察�of which all the sheep that drink thereof have their wool turned 

into a vermilion colour。 And one of no less credit than Aristotle�察�tells us of 

a merry river�察�the river Elusina�察�that dances at the noise of musick�察�for with 

musick   it   bubbles�察  �dances�察  �and   grows   sandy�察  �and   so   continues   till   the 

musick   ceases�察  �but   then   it   presently   returns   to   its   wonted   calmness   and 

clearness。 And Camden tells us of a well near to Kirby�察�in Westmoreland�察�

that ebbs and flows several times every day�此�and he tells us of a river in 

Surrey�察�it is called Mole�察�that after it has run several miles�察�being opposed 

by hills�察�finds or makes itself a way under ground�察�and breaks out again so 

far off�察�that the inhabitants thereabout boast�察�as the Spaniards do of their 

river Anus�察�that they feed divers flocks of sheep upon a bridge。 And lastly�察�

for I would not tire your patience�察�one of no less authority than Josephus�察�

that learned Jew�察 �tells us   of   a  river in   Judea  that   runs swiftly  all   the  six 

days of the week�察�and stands still and rests all their sabbath。 

     But I will lay aside my discourse of rivers�察�and tell you some things of 

the monsters�察�or fish�察�call them what you will�察�that they breed and feed in 

them。  Pliny  the  philosopher  says�察 �in   the third chapter  of   his ninth   book�察�

that in the Indian Sea�察�the fish called Balaena or Whirlpool�察�is so long and 

broad�察�as to take up more in length and breadth than two acres of ground�察�

and�察�of other fish�察�of two hundred cubits long�察�and that in the river Ganges�察�

there be Eels of thirty feet long。 He says there�察�that these monsters appear 

in that sea�察�only when the tempestuous winds oppose the torrents of water 

falling from the rocks into it�察�and so turning what lay at the bottom to be 

seen on the water's top。 And he says�察�that the people of Cadara�察�an island 

near this place�察�make the timber for their houses of those fish bones。 He 

there   tells   us�察  �that   there   are   sometimes   a   thousand   of   these   great   Eels 

found wrapt or interwoven together He tells us there�察�that it appears that 

dolphins   love   musick�察  �and   will   come   when   called   for�察  �by   some   men   or 

boys that know�察�and use to feed them�察�and that they can swim as swift as 



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an arrow can be shot out of a bow�察�and much of this is spoken concerning 

the   dolphin�察   �and   other   fish�察  �as  may   be  found   also   in   the  learned   Dr。 

Casaubon's Discourse of Credulity and Incredulity�察�printed by him about 

the year 1670。 

     I   know�察  �we   Islanders   are   averse   to   the   belief   of   these   wonders�察  �but 

there be so many strange creatures to be now seen�察�many collected by John 

Tradescant�察�and others added by my friend Elias Ashmole�察�Esq。�察�who now 

keeps them carefully and methodically at his house near to Lambeth�察�near 

London�察�as may get some belief of some of the other wonders I mentioned。 

I will tell you some of the wonders that you may now see�察�and not till then 

believe�察�unless you think fit。 

     You may there see the Hog´fish�察�the Dog´fish�察�the Dolphin�察�the Cony´ 

fish�察�the Parrot´fish�察�the Shark�察�the Poison´fish�察�Sword´fish�察�and not only 

other incredible fish�察�but you may there see the Salamander�察�several sorts 

of Barnacles�察�of Solan´Geese�察�the Bird of Paradise�察�such sorts of Snakes�察�

and such Birds'´nests�察�and of so various forms�察�and so wonderfully made�察�

as   may    beget   wonder     and   amusement      in  any   beholder�察   �and   so   many 

hundred of other rarities in that collection�察�as will make the other wonders 

I   spake   of�察  �the   less   incredible�察  �for�察  �you   may   note�察  �that   the   waters   are 

Nature's store´house�察�in which she locks up her wonders。 

     But�察�Sir�察�lest this discourse may seem tedious�察�I shall give it a sweet 

conclusion      out   of  that   holy   poet�察  �Mr。   George     Herbert    his   divine   ; 

Contemplation on God's Providence;。 

     Lord� �who hath praise enough�察�nay�察�who hath any �拭�None can express 

thy works�察�but he that knows them�察�And none can know thy works�察�they 

are so many�察�And so complete�察�but only he that owes them。 

     We all acknowledge both thy power and love To be exact�察�transcendant�察�

and divine�察�Who cost so strangely and so sweetly move�察�Whilst all things 

have their end�察�yet none but thine。 

     Wherefore�察  �most   sacred   Spirit�   �I   here   present�察  �For   me�察  �and   all   my 

fellows�察�praise to thee�察�And just it is�察�that I should pay the rent�察�Because 

the benefit accrues to me。 

     And   as   concerning   fish�察  �in   that   psalm�察  �wherein�察  �for   height   of   poetry 

and wonders�察�the prophet David seems even to exceed himself�察�how doth 



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he there express himself in choice metaphors�察�even to the amazement of a 

contemplative reader�察�concerning the sea�察�the rivers�察�and   the fish   therein 

contained� �And   the   great   naturalist   Pliny   says�察   ─  �That   nature's   great   and 

wonderful power is more demonstrated in the sea than on the land ;。 And 

this may appear�察�by the numerous and various creatures inhabiting both in 

and   about   that   element�察  �as   to   the   readers   of   Gesner�察  �Rondeletius�察  �Pliny�察�

Ausonius�察�Aristotle�察�and others�察�may be demonstrated。 But I will sweeten 

this discourse also out of a contemplation in divine Du Bartas�察�who says�此�

     God quickened in the sea�察�and in the rivers�察�So many fishes of so many 

features�察�That in the waters we may see all creatures�察�Even all that on the 

earth are to be found�察�As if the world were in deep waters drown'd。 For 

seasas   well   as skieshave   Sun�察  �Moon�察 �Stars As   well   as   airSwallows�察�

Rooks�察     �and   Stares�察  �As   well    as  earthVines�察    �Roses�察   �Nettles�察   �Melons�察�

Mushrooms�察�Pinks�察�Gilliflowers�察�and many millions Of other plants�察�more 

rare�察�more strange than these�察�As   very fishes�察  �living in the   seas�察�As   also 

Rams�察     �Calves�察    �Horses�察    �Hares�察   �and    Hogs�察    �Wolves�察    �Urchins�察    �Lions�察�

Elephants�察�and Dogs�察�Yea�察�Men and Maids�察�and�察�which I most admire�察�The 

mitred Bishop and the cowled Friar�此�Of which�察�examples�察�but a few years 

since�察�Were strewn the Norway and Polonian prince。 

     These seem to be wonders�察�but have had so many confirmations from 

men   of   learning   and   credit�察  �that   you   need   not   doubt   them。   Nor   are   the 

number�察  �nor   the   various   shapes�察  �of   fishes   more   strange�察  �or   more   fit   for 

contemplation�察       �than   their   different    natures�察  �inclinations�察    �and   actions�察�

concerning which�察�I shall beg your patient ear a little longer。 

     The Cuttle´fish will cast a long gut out of her throat�察�which�察�like as an 

Angler doth his line�察�she sendeth forth�察�and pulleth in again at her pleasure�察�

according as she sees some little fish come near to her�察�and the Cuttle´fish�察�

being then hid in the gravel�察�lets the smaller fish nibble and bite the end of 

it�察�at which time she�察�by little and little�察�draws the smaller fish so near to 

her�察�that she may leap upon her�察�and then catches and devours her�此�and for 

this reason some have called this fish the Sea´ angler。 

     And   there   is   a   fish   called   a   Hermit�察  �that   at   a   certain   age   gets   into   a 

dead fish's shell�察�and�察�like a hermit�察�dwells there alone�察�studying the wind 

and weather and so turns her shell。 that she makes it defend her from the 



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injuries that they would bring upon her。 

     There   is   also   a   fish   called   by   the Adonis�察  �or   Darling   of   the   Sea�察  �so 

called�察�because it is a loving and   innocent fish�察�a fish that hurts   nothing 

that hath life�察�and is at peace with all the numerous inhabitants of that vast 

watery element�察�and truly�察�I think most Anglers are so disposed to most of 

mankind。 

     And there are�察�also�察�lustful and chaste fishes�察�of which I shall give you 

examples。 

     And   first�察  �what   Du   Bartas   says   of   a   fish   called   the   Sargus�察  �which�察�

because none can express it better than he does�察�I shall give you in his own 

words�察�supposing it shall not have the less credit for being verse�察�for he 

hath   gathered   this   and   other   observations   out   of   authors   that   have   been 

great and industrious searchers into the secrets of nature。 

     The   adult'rous   Sargus   doth   not   only  change   Wives   every   day�察  �in   the 

deep streams�察�but�察�strange� �As if the honey of sea´love delight Could not 

suffice his ranging appetite�察�Goes courting she´goats on the grassy shore�察�

Horning their husbands that had horns before。 

     And the same author writes concerning the Cantharus�察�that which you 

shall also hear in his own words�此�

     But�察  �contrary�察  �the   constant   Cantharus   Is   ever   constant   to   his   faithful 

spouse In nuptial duties�察�spending his chaste life。 Never loves any but his 

own dear wife。 

     Sir�察�but a little longer�察�and I have done。 

     Venator。 Sir�察�take what liberty you think fit�察�for your discourse seems 

to be musick�察�and charms me to an attention。 

     Piscator。 Why then�察�Sir�察�I will take a little liberty to tell�察�or rather to 

remember you what is said of Turtle´doves�察�first�察�that they silently plight 

their troth�察�and marry�察�and that then the survivor scorns�察�as the Thracian 

women are said to do�察�to outlive his or her mate�察�and this is taken for a 

truth�察�and if the survivor shall ever couple with another�察�then�察�not only the 

living�察�but the dead�察�be it either the he or the she�察�is denied the name and 

honour of a true Turtle´dove。 

     And to parallel this land´rarity�察�and teach mankind moral faithfulness�察�

and to condemn those that talk of religion�察�and yet come short of the moral 



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faith of fish and fowl�察�men that violate the law affirmed by St。 Paul to be 

writ in their hearts�察�and which�察�he says�察�shall at the Last Day condemn and 

leave   them  without   excuseI   pray  hearken   to   what   Du   Bartas   sings�察  �for 

the hearing of such conjugal faithfulness will be musick to all chaste ears�察�

and therefore I pray hearken to what Du Bartas sings of the Mullet。 

     But   for   chaste   love   the   Mullet   hath   no   peer�察  �For�察  �if   the   fisher   hath 

surpris'd    her   pheer   As   mad    with   wo�察  �to  shore    she  followe

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