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glaucus-or the wonders of the shore(鯉斥互帽)-及16嫗

弌傍�� glaucus-or the wonders of the shore(鯉斥互帽) 忖方�� 耽匈3500忖

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calcareous      plates   standing    up   edgewise�察    �and   arranged    in  a   radiating 

manner       round    a   low    centre。     A     little  below    the    margin      their 

individuality is lost in the deposition of rough calcareous               matter。 。 。 。 The 

general form is more or less cylindrical�察           �commonly wider at top than just 

above the bottom。 。 。 。 This is but           the skeleton�察�and though it is a very 

pretty object�察�those who are         acquainted with it alone�察�can form but a very 

poor idea of the       beauty of the living animal。 。 。 。 Let it�察�after being torn 

from     the    rock�察  �recover    its  equanimity�察    �then   you   will  see   a  pellucid 

gelatinous flesh emerging from between the plates�察�and little                  exquisitely 

formed and coloured tentacula�察�with white clubbed tips                 fringing the sides 

of   the   cup´shaped   cavity  in   the   centre�察  �across   which   stretches   the   oval 

disc marked with a star of some rich and             brilliant colour�察�surrounding the 

central mouth�察�a slit with white           crenated lips�察�like the orifice of one of 

those elegant cowry          shells which we put upon our mantelpieces。                 The 

mouth      is  always    more     or  less  prominent�察    �and   can   be   protruded    and 

expanded   to   an     astonishing   extent。      The   space   surrounding   the  lips   is 

commonly        fawn   colour�察  �or   rich   chestnut´brown�察  �the   star   or   vandyked 

circle    rich red�察�pale vermilion�察�and sometimes the most brilliant emerald 

green�察�as brilliant as the gorget of a humming´bird。; 

     And   what   does   this   exquisitely   delicate   creature   do   with   its   pretty 

mouth�拭     �Alas for fact�      �It sips no honey´dew�察�or fruits from            paradise。 ´ 

;I put a minute spider�察�as large as a pin's head�察�into             the water�察�pushing it 

down      to  the  coral。   The     instant   it  touched    the    tip  of  a  tentacle�察  �it 



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adhered�察 �and   was drawn   in   with the         surrounding   tentacles between   the 

plates。    With a lens I saw the          small mouth slowly open�察�and move over 

to that side�察�the lips      gaping unsymmetrically�察�while with a movement as 

imperceptible   as       that   of   the   hour   hand   of   a   watch�察  �the   tiny   prey   was 

carried along       between the plates to the corner of the mouth。              The mouth�察�

however�察      �moved   most�察  �and   at   length   reached   the   edges   of   the   plates�察�

gradually closed upon the insect�察�and then returned to its usual                    place in 

the centre。; 

     Mr。 Gosse next tried the fairy of the walking mouth with a house´ fly�察�

who escaped only by hard fighting�察�and at last the gentle                    creature�察�after 

swallowing       and    disgorging     various    large   pieces    of   shell´fish�察   �found 

viands     to   its  taste   in  ;the   lean    of  cooked      meat     and    portions     of 

earthworms�察─       �filling    up   the   intervals     by   a     perpetual      dessert    of 

microscopic animalcules�察�whirled into that               lovely avernus�察�its mouth�察�by 

the currents of the delicate ciliae          which clothe every tentacle。           The fact 

is�察  �that   the   Madrepore�察  �like   those   glorious   sea´anemones   whose   living 

flowers   stud   every   pool�察    �is   by   profession   a   scavenger   and   a   feeder   on 

carrion�察  �and   being   as    useful   as   he   is   beautiful�察  �really   comes   under   the 

rule which he        seems at first to break�察�that handsome is who handsome 

does。     Another species of Madrepore ��11�� was discovered on our Devon 

coast     by  Mr。   Gosse�察  �more   gaudy�察  �though   not   so   delicate   in   hue   as   our 

Caryophyllia。         Mr。    Gosse's     locality�察  �for   this   and   numberless       other 

curiosities�察�is Ilfracombe�察�on the north coast of Devon。                  My     specimens 

came from Lundy Island�察�in the mouth of the Bristol                     Channel�察�or more 

properly   from   that   curious   ;Rat   Island;   to   the    south   of   it�察  �where   still 

lingers   the   black   long´tailed   English   rat�察   �exterminated   everywhere   else 

by his sturdier brown cousin of the            Hanoverian dynasty。 

     Look�察�now�察�at these tiny saucers of the thinnest ivory�察�the largest                  not 

bigger   than   a   silver   threepence�察  �which   contain   in   their   centres    a   milk´ 

white   crust   of   stone�察  �pierced�察  �as   you   see   under   the   magnifier�察  �into   a 

thousand cells�察�each with its living architect            within。     Here are two kinds�此�

in one the tubular cells radiate from            the centre�察�giving it the appearance 

of   a   tiny   compound   flower�察     �daisy   or   groundsel�察  �in   the   other   they   are 

crossed with waving           grooves�察�giving the whole a peculiar fretted look�察�



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even     more       beautiful     than    that   of   the   former     species。      They      are 

Tubulipora        patina and Tubulipora hispida�察 � and stay ´ break off that tiny 

rough   red   wart�察  �and   look   at   its   cells   also   under   the   magnifier�此     �it   is 

Cellepora   pumicosa�察  �and   now�察  �with   the   Madrepore�察  �you   hold   in              your 

hand the principal�察�at least the commonest�察�British types of                      those famed 

coral   insects�察  �which   in   the   tropics   are   the   architects    of   continents�察  �and 

the conquerors of the ocean surge。               All the     world�察�since the publication 

of    Darwin's      delightful     ;Voyage      of   the    Beagle�察�'      and    of   Williams' 

;Missionary Enterprises�察─�knows�察�or                ought to know�察�enough about them�此�

for   those   who   do   not�察  �there   are    a   few   pages   in   the   beginning   of   Dr。 

Landsborough's ;British            Zoophytes�察─�well worth perusal。 

     There   are   a   few   other   true   cellepore   corals   round   the   coast。        The 

largest of   all�察  �Cervicornis�察  �may  be   dredged   a   few   miles   outside   on         the 

Exmouth   bank�察  �with   a   few   more   Tubulipores�此          �but   all   tiny   things�察  �the 

lingering   and�察  �as   it   were�察  �expiring   remnants   of   that       great   coral´world 

which�察�through the abysmal depths of past ages�察                    �formed here in Britain 

our limestone hills�察�storing up for              generations yet unborn the materials 

of agriculture and         architecture。      Inexpressibly interesting�察�even solemn�察�

to those who        will think�察�is the sight of those puny parasites which�察�as it 

were�察    �connect   the   ages   and   the   aeons�此     �yet   not   so   solemn   and   full   of 

meaning       as   that  tiny   relic   of  an   older    world�察   �the   little  pear´   shaped 

Turbinolia   ��cousin   of   the   Madrepores   and   Sea´anemones���察              �found   fossil 

in   the   Suffolk   Crag�察  �and   yet   still   lingering   here   and   there   alive   in   the 

deep     water    of   Scilly   and   the   west    coast   of    Ireland�察    �possessor     of  a 

pedigree which dates�察�perhaps�察�from ages                  before the day in which it was 

said�察 �Let us make man in our image�察                �after our likeness。;        To think that 

the whole human race�察�its joys             and its sorrows�察�its virtues and its sins�察�its 

aspirations   and   its     failures�察  �has   been   rushing   out   of   eternity   and   into 

eternity again�察      �as Arjoon in the Bhagavad   Gita beheld the race of   men 

issuing   from      Kreeshna's   flaming   mouth�察  �and   swallowed   up   in   it   again�察�

;as the     crowds of insects swarm into the flame�察�as the homeless streams 

leap down into the ocean bed�察─�in an everlasting heart´pulse whose                        blood 

is living souls ´ and all that while�察�and ages before that                    mystery began�察�

that humble coral�察�unnoticed on the dark sea´floor�察                  �has been ;continuing 



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as   it   was   at   the   beginning�察─  �and   fulfilling    ;the   law   which   cannot   be 

broken�察─�while races and dynasties and               generations have been 

       ;Playing such fantastic tricks before high heaven�察�As make the angels 

weep。; 

       Yes�察�it is this vision of the awful permanence and perfection of                     the 

natural world�察�beside the wild flux and confusion�察�the mad                     struggles�察�the 

despairing   cries   of   the   world   of   spirits   which   man     has   defiled   by   sin�察�

which would at moments crush the naturalist's                  heart�察�and make his brain 

swim   with   terror�察  �were   it   not   that   he   can  see   by   faith�察  �through   all   the 

abysses and the ages�察�not merely 

       ; Hands�察�From out the darkness�察�shaping man�察─�

       but above them a living loving countenance�察�human and yet Divine�察�

and    can    hear   a  voice    which    said   at  first�察  �Let   us   make    man     in  our 

image�察─�and hath said since then�察�and says for ever and for ever�察                       �Lo�察�I 

am with you alway�察�even to the end of the world。; 

     But     now�察   �friend�察  �who     listenest�察   �perhaps     instructed�察   �and    at  least 

amused ´ if�察�as Professor Harvey well says�察�the simpler animals                     represent�察�

as   in   a   glass�察  �the   scattered   organs   of   the   higher   races�察�which   of   your 

organs     is  represented      by   that  ;sca'd    man's    head�察─   �which      the   Devon 

children more gracefully�察�yet with less adherence                   to plain likeness�察�call 

;mermaid's head�察─。�12�� which we picked up                   just now on Paignton Sands�拭�

Or which�察�again�察�by its more beautiful               little congener�察。�13�� five or six of 

which   are   adhering   tightly   to      the   slab   before   us�察  �a   ball   covered   with 

delicate spines of lilac        and green�察�and stuck over ��cunning fellows�。� with 

stripes of dead        sea´weed to serve as improvised parasols�拭                �One cannot 

say   that   in   him   we   have   the   first   type   of   the   human   skull�此    �for   the 

resemblance�察  �quaint   as   it   is�察  �is   only   sensuous   and   accidental�察  。�in      the 

logical use of that term�撮� and not homological�察�I。E。 a lower                   manif

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