the writings-5-第52章
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city of Washington。
ABRAHAM LINCOLN。
By the President：
WILLIAM H。 SEWARD； Secretary of State。
TO SECRETARY OF INTERIOR。
EXECUTIVE MANSION； October 14； 1861
HON。 SEC。 OF INTERIOR。
DEAR SIR：How is this？ I supposed I was appointing for register of
wills a citizen of this District。 Now the commission comes to me
〃Moses Kelly； of New Hampshire。〃 I do not like this。
Yours truly；
A。 LINCOLN。
TWO SONS WHO WANT TO WORK
TO MAJOR RAMSEY。
EXECUTIVE MANSION； October 17； 1861
MAJOR RAMSEY。
MY DEAR SIR：The lady bearer of this says she has two sons who want
to work。 Set them at it if possible。 Wanting to work is so rare a
want that it should be encouraged。
Yours truly；
A。 LINCOLN。
TO GENERAL THOMAS W。 SHERMAN。
WASHINGTON； October 18； 1861。
GENERAL THOMAS SHERMAN； Annapolis； Md。：
Your despatch of yesterday received and shown to General McClellan。
I have promised him not to direct his army here without his consent。
I do not think I shall come to Annapolis。
A。 LINCOLN。
TO GENERAL CURTIS； WITH INCLOSURES。
WASHINGTON； October 24； 1861
BRIGADIER…GENERAL S。 R。 CURTIS。
MY DEAR SIR：Herewith is a documenthalf letter； half orderwhich；
wishing you to see； but not to make public； I send unsealed。 Please
read it and then inclose it to the officer who may be in command of
the Department of the West at the time it reaches him。 I cannot now
know whether Fremont or Hunter will then be in command。
Yours truly；
A。 LINCOLN。
WASHINGTON； October 24； 1861
BRIGADIER…GENERAL S。 R。 CURTIS。
DEAR SIR：On receipt of this； with the accompanying inclosures； you
will take safe； certain； and suitable measures to have the inclosure
addressed to Major…General Fremont delivered to him with all
reasonable despatch； subject to these conditions only： that if； when
General Fremont shall be reached by the messengeryourself or any
one sent by youhe shall then have； in personal command； fought and
won a battle； or shall then be actually in a battle； or shall then be
in the immediate presence of the enemy in expectation of a battle； it
is not to be delivered； but held for further orders。 After； and not
till after； the delivery to General Fremont； let the inclosure
addressed to General Hunter be delivered to him。
Your obedient servant；
A。 LINCOLN。
（General Orders No。 18。）
HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY；
WASHINGTON； October 24； 1861
Major…General Fremont； of the United States Army； the present
commander of the Western Department of the same； will； on the receipt
of this order； call Major…General Hunter； of the United States
Volunteers； to relieve him temporarily in that command； when he
（Major…General Fremont） will report to general headquarters by letter
for further orders。
WINFIELD SCOTT。
By command： E。 D。 TOWNSEND； Assistant Adjutant…General。
WASHINGTON； October 24； 1861
TO THE COMMANDER OF THE
DEPARTMENT OF THE WEST。
SIR：The command of the Department of the West having devolved upon
you； I propose to offer you a few suggestions。 Knowing how hazardous
it is to bind down a distant commander in the field to specific lines
and operations； as so much always depends on a knowledge of
localities and passing events； it is intended； therefore； to leave a
considerable margin for the exercise of your judgment and discretion。
The main rebel army （Price's） west of the Mississippi is believed to
have passed Dade County in full retreat upon northwestern Arkansas；
leaving Missouri almost freed from the enemy； excepting in the
southeast of the State。 Assuming this basis of fact； it seems
desirable； as you are not likely to overtake Price； and are in danger
of making too long a line from your own base of supplies and
reinforcements； that you should give up the pursuit； halt your main
army； divide it into two corps of observation； one occupying Sedalia
and the other Rolla； the present termini of railroads； then recruit
the condition of both corps by re…establishing and improving their
discipline and instructions； perfecting their clothing and
equipments； and providing less uncomfortable quarters。 Of course；
both railroads must be guarded and kept open； judiciously employing
just so much force as is necessary for this。 From these two points；
Sedalia and Rolla； and especially in judicious cooperation with Lane
on the Kansas border； it would be so easy to concentrate and repel
any army of the enemy returning on Missouri from the southwest； that
it is not probable any such attempt will be made before or during the
approaching cold weather。 Before spring the people of Missouri will
probably be in no favorable mood to renew for next year the troubles
which have so much afflicted and impoverished them during this。 If
you adopt this line of policy； and if； as I anticipate； you will see
no enemy in great force approaching； you will have a surplus of force
which you can withdraw from these points and direct to others as may
be needed； the railroads furnishing ready means of reinforcing these
main points if occasion requires。 Doubtless local uprisings will for
a time continue to occur； but these can be met by detachments and
local forces of our own； and will ere long tire out of themselves。
While； as stated in the beginning of the letter； a large discretion
must be and is left with yourself； I feel sure that an indefinite
pursuit of Price or an attempt by this long and circuitous route to
reach Memphis will be exhaustive beyond endurance； and will end in
the loss of the whole force engaged in it。
Your obedient servant；
A。 LINCOLN。
ORDER RETIRING GENERAL SCOTT AND APPOINTING
GENERAL McCLELLAN HIS SUCCESSOR。
（General Orders； No。94。）
WAR DEPARTMENT； ADJUTANT…GENERAL'S OFFICE
WASHINGTON； November 1； 1861
The following order from the President of the United States；
announcing the retirement from active command of the honored veteran
Lieutenant general Winfield Scott； will be read by the army with
profound regret：
EXECUTIVE MANSION； WASHINGTON。
November 1； 1861
On the 1st day of November； A。D。 1861； upon his own application to
the President of the United States； Brevet Lieutenant…General
Winfield Scott is ordered to be placed； and hereby is placed； upon
the list of retired officers of the army of the United States；
without reduction in his current pay； subsistence； or allowances。
The American people will hear with sadness and deep emotion that
General Scott has withdrawn from the active control of the army；
while the President and a unanimous Cabinet express their own and the
nation's sympathy in his personal affliction and their profound sense
of the important public services rendered by him to his country
during his long and brilliant career； among which will ever be
gratefully distinguished his faithful devotion to the Constitution；
the Union； and the flag when assailed by parricidal rebellion。
ABRAHAM LINCOLN
The President is pleased to direct that Major general George B。
McClellan assume the command of the army of the United States。 The
headquarters of the army will be established in the city of
Washington。 All communications intended for the commanding general
will hereafter be addressed direct to the adjutant…general。 The
duplicate returns； orders； and other papers heretofore sent to the
assistant adjutant…general； headquarters of the army； will be
discontinued。
By order of the Secretary of War：
L。 THOMAS； Adjutant General。
ORDER APPROVING THE PLAN OF GOVERNOR GAMBLE
OF MISSOURI。
EXECUTIVE MANSION； WASHINGTON；
November 5； 1861。
The Governor of the State of Missouri； acting under the direction of
the convention of that State； proposes to the Government of the
United States that he will raise a military force to serve within the
State as State militia during the war there； to cooperate with the
troops in the service of the United States in repelling the invasion
of the State and suppressing rebellion therein； the said State
militia to be embodied and to be held in the camp and in the field；
drilled； disciplined； and governed according to the Army Regulations
and subject to the Articles of War； the said State militia not to be
ordered out of the State except for the immediate defense of the
State of Missouri； but to co…operate with the troops in the service
of the United States in military operations within the State or
necessary to its defense； and when officers of the State militia act
with officers in the service of the United States of the same grade
the officers of the United States service shall command the combined
force； the State militia to be armed； equipped； clothed； subsisted；
transported； and paid by the United States during such time as they
shall be actually engaged as an embodied military force in service in
accordance with regulations of the United States Army or general
orders as issued from time to time。
In order that the Treasury of the United States may not be burdened
with the pay of unnecessary officers； the governor proposes that；
although the State law requires him to appoint upon the general staff
an adjutant…general； a commissary…general； an inspector…general； a
quartermaster…general； a paymaster…general； and a surgeon…general；
each with the rank of colonel of cavalry； yet he proposes that the
Government of the United States pay only the adjutant…general； the
quartermaster…general； and inspector…general； their services being
necessary in the relations which would exist between the State
militia and the United States。 The governor further proposes that
while he is allowed by the State law to appoint aides…de…camp to the
governor at his discretion； with the rank of colonel； three only
shall be reported to the United States for payment。 He also proposes
that the State militia shall be commanded by a single major…general
and by such number of brigadier…generals as shall allow one for a
brigade of not less than four regiments； and that no greater number
of staff officers shall be appointed for regimental； brigade； and
division duties than as provided for in the act of Congress of the
22d July； 1861； and that； whatever be the rank of such officers as
fixed by the law of the State； the compensation that they shall
receive from the United States shall only be that which belongs to
the rank given by said act of Congress to officers in the United
States service performing the same duties。
The field officers of a regiment in the State militia are one
colonel； one lieutenant…colonel； and one major； and the company
officers are a captain； a first lieutenant； and a second lieutenant。
The govern
