the writings-6-第18章

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shall　then　be　in　rebellion　against　the　United　States　shall　be　then；

thenceforward；　and　forever　free；　and　the　executive　government　of　the

United　States；　including　the　military　and　naval　authority　thereof；

will　recognize　and　maintain　the　freedom　of　such　persons　and　will　do

no　act　or　acts　to　repress　such　persons；　or　any　of　them；　in　any

efforts　they　may　make　for　their　actual　freedom。





That　the　Executive　will　on　the　1st　day　of　January　aforesaid；　by

proclamation；　designate　the　States　and　parts　of　States；　if　any；　in

which　the　people　thereof；　respectively；　shall　then　be　in　rebellion

against　the　United　States；　and　the　fact　that　any　State　or　the　people

thereof　shall　on　that　day　be　in　good　faith　represented　in　the

Congress　of　the　United　States　by　members　chosen　thereto　at　elections

wherein　a　majority　of　the　qualified　voters　of　such　State　shall　have

participated　shall；　in　the　absence　of　strong　countervailing

testimony；　be　deemed　conclusive　evidence　that　such　State　and　the

people　thereof　are　not　then　in　rebellion　against　the　United　States。



That　attention　is　hereby　called　to　an　act　of　Congress　entitled　〃An

act　to　make　an　additional　article　of　war；〃　approved　March　13；　1862；

and　which　act　is　in　the　words　and　figure　following：



〃Be　it　enacted　by　the　Senate　and　House　of　Representatives　of　the

United　States　of　America　in　Congress　assemb1ed；　That　hereafter　the

following　shall　be　promulgated　as　an　additional　article　of　war　for

the　government　of　the　Army　of　the　United　States　and　shall　be　obeyed

and　observed　as　such。



〃ART。　　　　All　officers　or　persons　in　the　military　or　naval　service　of

the　United　States　are　prohibited　from　employing　any　of　the　forces

under　their　respective　commands　for　the　purpose　of　returning

fugitives　from　service　or　labor　who　may　have　escaped　from　any　person；

to　whom　such　service　or　labor　is　claimed　to　be　due；　and　any　officer

who　shall　be　found　guilty　by　a　court…martial　of　violating　this

article　shall　be　dismissed　from　the　service。



SEC。　2。　　And　be　it　further　enacted；　That　this　act　shall　take　effect

from　and　after　its　passage。〃



Also　to　the　ninth　and　tenth　sections　of　an　act　entitled　〃An　act　to

suppress　insurrection；　to　punish　treason　and　rebellion；　to　seize　and

confiscate　the　property　of　rebels；　and　for　other　purposes；〃　approved

July　17；　1862；　and　which　sections　are　in　the　words　and　figures

following：





〃SEC。　9。　　And　be　it　further　enacted；　That　all　slaves　of　persons　who

shall　hereafter　be　engaged　in　rebellion　against　the　Government　of　the

United　States；　or　who　shall　in　any　way　give　aid　or　comfort　thereto；

escaping　from　such　persons　and　taking　refuge　within　the　lines　of　the

army；　and　all　slaves　captured　from　such　persons　or　deserted　by　them

and　coming　under　the　control　of　the　Government　of　the　United　States；

and　all　slaves　of　such　persons　found　on　（or）　being　within　any　place

occupied　by　rebel　forces　and　afterwards　occupied　by　the　forces　of　the

United　States；　shall　be　deemed　captives　of　war　and　shall　be　forever

free　of　their　servitude　and　not　again　held　as　slaves。



〃SEC。　9。　　And　be　it　further　enacted；　That　no　slave　escaping　into　any

State；　Territory；　or　the　District　of　Columbia　from　any　other　State

shall　be　delivered　up　or　in　any　way　impeded　or　hindered　of　his

liberty；　except　for　crime；　or　some　offence　against　the　laws；　unless

the　person　claiming　said　fugitive　shall　first　make　oath　that　the

person　to　whom　the　labor　or　service　of　such　fugitive　is　alleged　to　be

due　is　his　lawful　owner；　and　has　not　borne　arms　against　the　United

States　in　the　present　rebellion；　nor　in　any　way　given　aid　and　comfort

thereto；　and　no　person　engaged　in　the　military　or　naval　service　of

the　United　States　shall；　under　any　pretense　whatever；　assume　to

decide　on　the　validity　of　the　claim　of　any　person　to　the　service　or

labor　of　any　other　person；　or　surrender　up　any　such　person　to　the

claimant；　on　pain　of　being　dismissed　from　the　service。〃



And　I　do　hereby　enjoin　upon　and　order　all　persons　engaged　in　the

military　and　naval　service　of　the　United　States　to　observe；　obey；　and

enforce；　within　their　respective　spheres　of　service；　the　act　and

sections　above　recited。



And　the　Executive　will　in　due　time　recommend　that　all　citizens　of　the

United　States　who　shall　have　remained　loyal　thereto　throughout　the

rebellion　shall　（upon　the　restoration　of　the　constitutional　relation

between　the　United　States　and　their　respective　States　and　people；　if

that　relation　shall　have　been　suspended　or　disturbed）　be　compensated

for　all　losses　by　acts　of　the　United　States；　including　the　loss　of

slaves。



In　witness　whereof；　I　have　hereunto　set　my　hand　and　caused　the　seal

of　the　United　States　to　be　affixed。



Done　at　the　City　of　Washington；　this　twenty…second　day　of　September；

in　the　year　of　our　Lord　one　thousand　eight　hundred　and　sixty…two；　and

of　the　independence　of　the　United　States　the　eighty…seventh。



ABRAHAM　LINCOLN。



By　the　President：

WILLIAM　H。　SEWARD；　Secretary　of　State。









PROCLAMATION　SUSPENDING　THE　WRIT　OF　HABEAS　CORPUS；　SEPTEMBER　24；

1862。



THE　PRESIDENT　OF　THE　UNITED　STATES　OF　AMERICA



A　Proclamation



Whereas　it　has　become　necessary　to　call　into　service　not　only

volunteers；　but　also　portions　of　the　militia　of　the　States　by　draft；

in　order　to　suppress　the　insurrection　existing　in　the　United　States；

and　disloyal　persons　are　not　adequately　restrained　by　the　ordinary

processes　of　law　from　hindering　this　measure；　and　from　giving　aid　and

comfort　in　various　ways　to　the　insurrection：



Now；　therefore；　be　it　ordered



First。　　That　during　the　existing　insurrection；　and　as　a　necessary

measure　for　suppressing　the　same；　all　rebels　and　insurgents；　their

aiders　and　abettors　within　the　United　States；　and　all　persons

discouraging　volunteer　enlistments；　resisting　militia　drafts；　or

guilty　of　any　disloyal　practice　affording　aid　and　comfort　to　rebels

against　the　authority　of　the　United　States；　shall　be　subject　to

martial　law；　and　liable　to　trial　and　punishment　by　courts…martial　or

military　commissions。



Second。　　　That　the　writ　of　habeas　corpus　is　suspended　in　respect　to

all　persons　arrested；　or　who　are　now；　or　hereafter　during　the

rebellion　shall　be；　imprisoned　in　any　fort　camp；　arsenal；　military

prison　or　other　place　of　confinement　by　any　military　authority　or　by

the　sentence　of　any　court…martial　or　military　commission。



In　witness　whereof　I　have　hereunto　set　my　hand　and　caused　the　seal　of

the　United　States　to　be　affixed。



Done　at　the　city　of　WASHINGTON；　this　twenty…fourth　day　of　September。

A。D。　eighteen　hundred　and　sixty…two；　and　of　the　independence　of　the

United　States　the　eighty…seventh。



ABRAHAM　LINCOLN。



By　the　President：

WILLIAM　H。　SEWARD；　Secretary　of　State。









REPLY　TO　SERENADE；　SEPTEMBER　24；　1862。



I　appear　before　you　to　do　little　more　than　acknowledge　the　courtesy

you　pay　me；　and　to　thank　you　for　it。　　I　have　not　been　distinctly

informed　why　it　is　that　on　this　occasion　you　appear　to　do　me　this

honor；　though　I　suppose　it　is　because　of　the　proclamation。　　What　I

did；　I　did　after　a　very　full　deliberation；　and　under　a　very　heavy　and

solemn　sense　of　responsibility。　　I　can　only　trust　in　God　I　have　made

no　mistake。　　I　shall　make　no　attempt　on　this　occasion　to　sustain　what

I　have　done　or　said　by　any　comment。　　It　is　now　for　the　country　and

the　world　to　pass　judgment　and；　maybe；　take　action　upon　it。



I　will　say　no　more　upon　this　subject。　　In　my　position　I　am　environed

with　difficulties。　　Yet　they　are　scarcely　so　great　as　the

difficulties　of　those　who　upon　the　battle…field　are　endeavoring　to

purchase　with　their　blood　and　their　lives　the　future　happiness　and

prosperity　of　this　country。　　Let　us　never　forget　them。　　On　the

fourteenth　and　seventeenth　days　of　this　present　month　there　have　been

battles　bravely；　skillfully；　and　successfully　fought。　　We　do　not　yet

know　the　particulars。　　Let　us　be　sure　that；　in　giving　praise　to

certain　individuals；　we　do　no　injustice　to　others。　　I　only　ask　you；

at　the　conclusion　of　these　few　remarks；　to　give　three　hearty　cheers

for　all　good　and　brave　officers　and　men　who　fought　those　successful

battles。









RECORD　EXPLAINING　THE　DISMISSAL　　OF　MAJOR　JOHN　J。　KEY　FROM　THE

MILITARY　SERVICE　OF　THE　UNITED　STATES。



EXECUTIVE　MANSION；　WASHINGTON；



September　26；　1862。



MAJOR　JOHN　J。　KEY：



I　am　informed　that；　in　answer　to　the　question；　〃Why　was　not　the　rebel

army　bagged　immediately　after　the　battle　near　Sharpsburg？〃　propounded

to　you　by　Major　Levi　C。　Turner；　Judge　Advocate；　etc。；　you　said：

〃That　is　not　the　game。　　The　object　is；　that　neither　army　shall　get

much　advantage　of　the　other；　that　both　shall　be　kept　in　the　field

till　they　are　exhausted；　when　we　will　make　a　compromise　and　save

slavery。〃



I　shall　be　very　happy　if　you　will；　within　twenty…four　hours　from　the

receipt　of　this；　prove　to　me　by　Major　Turner　that　you　did　not；　either

literally　or　in　substance；　make　the　answer　stated。



＇Above　delivered　to　Major　Key　at　10。25　a。m。　　September　27th。＇



At　about　11　o'clock　A。M。；　September27；　1862；　Major　Key　and　Major

Turner　appeared　before　me。　　Major　Turner　says：

〃As　I　remember　it；　the　conversation　was：　'Why　did　we　not　bag　them

after　the　battle　of　Sharpsburg？'　　Major　Key's　reply　was：　'That　was

not　the　game；　that　we　should　tire　the　rebels　out　and　ourselves；　that

that　was　the　only　way　the　Union　could　be　preserved；　we　come　together

fraternally；　and　slavery　be　saved。'〃



On　cross…examination；　Major　Turner　says　he　has　frequently　heard　Major

Key　converse　in　regard　to　the　present　troubles；　and　never　heard　him

utter　a　sentiment　unfavorable　to　the　maintenance　of　the　Union。　　He

has　never　uttered　anything　which　he；　Major　T。；　would　call　disloyalty。

The　particular　conversation　detailed　was　a　private　one。



　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　＇Indorsement　on　the　above。＇



In　my　view；　it　is　wholly　inadmissible　for　any　gentleman　holding　a

military　commission　from　the　United　States　to　utter　such　sentiments

as　Major　Key　is　within　proved　to　have　done。　　Therefore；　let　Major

John　J。　Key　be　forthwith　dismissed　from　the　military　service　of　the

United　States。



A。　LINCOLN。









TO　HANNIBAL　HAMLIN。

（Strictly　private。）



EXECUTIVE　MANSION；　WASHINGTON；

September　28；　1862。



HON。　HANNIBAL　HAMLIN。



MY　DEAR　SIR：　　Your　kind　letter　of　the　25th　is　just　received。　　It　is

known　to　some　that；　while　I　hope　something　from　the　proclamation；　my

expectations　are　not　as　sanguine　as　are　those　of　some　friends。　　The

time　for　its　effect　southward　has　not　come；　but　northward　the　effect

should　be　instantaneous。　　It　is　six　days　old；　and；　while　commendation

in　newspapers　and　by　distinguished　individuals　is　all　that　a　vain　man

could　wish；　the　stocks　have　declined；　and　troops　come　forward　more

slowly　than　ever。　　This；　looked　soberly　in　the　face；　is　not　very

satisfactory。　　We　have　fe