history of the mackenzies-第52章

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e　exiled　monarch　to　the　end　of　a　life　which；　in　whatever　light　it　may　be　viewed；　cannot　be　commended　as　a　good　example　to　others。　　Such　vacillating　and　time…serving　conduct　ended　in　the　only　manner　which　it　deserved。　He　might　　have　been　admired　for　taking　a　consistent　part　on　either　side；　but　with　Earl　　George　self…preservation　and　interest　appear　to　have　been　the　only　　governing　principles　throughout　the　whole　of　this　trying　period　of　his　　country's　history。　　The　Earl　of　Cromarty　thought　differently；　and　says　that　　〃this　George；　being　a　nobleman　of　excellent　qualifications；　shared　the　　fortune　of　his　Prince；　King　Charles　I。；　for　whom　he　suffered　all　the　　calamities　in　his　estate　that　envious　or　malicious　enemies　could　inflict。　　　　He　was　made　secretary　to　King　Charles　II。　in　Holland；　but　died　in　that　banishment　before　he　saw　an　end　of　his　King　and　his　country's　calamities　　or　of　his　own　injuries。〃　　We　have　seen　that　his　conduct　was　by　no　means　　steadfast　in　support　of　Charles；　and　it　may　now　be　safely　asserted　that　his　　calamities　were　due　more　to　his　own　indecision　and　accommodating　　character　than　to　any　other　cause。　Earl　George　married　early　in　life；　Barbara；　daughter　of　Arthur　Lord　Forbes　（sasine　to　her　in　1637）　with　issue

I。　　Kenneth　Mor；　his　heir　and　successor。

II。　　Colin；　who　has　a　sasine　in　1648；　but　died　young　and　unmarried。

III。　　George　of　Kildun；　who　married；　first；　Mary　daughter　of　Skene　of　Skene；　with　issue（1）　Kenneth；　who　went　abroad　and　was　no　more　heard　of；　　（2）　Isobel；　and　several　others　who　died　young。　　He　married；　　secondly；　Margaret；　daughter　of　Urquhart　of　Craighouse；　with　issue　　Colin　of　Kildun　and　several　other　children　of　whom　no　trace　can　be　found。　　All　his　descendants　are　said　to　be　extinct。

IV。　　Colin；　who　has　a　sasine　of　Kinachulladrum　in　1721；　as　〃only　child　now　in　life；　and　heir　of　his　brother　Roderick。〃　　He　married　Jean；　　daughter　of　Robert　Laurie；　Dean　of　Edinburgh；　with　issue（1）　Captain　　Robert　Mackenzie；　killed　in　Flanders；　without　issue；　Colin　married；　　secondly；　Lady　Herbertshire；　with　　issue；　（2）　Dr　George　Mackenzie；　who；　　in　1708；　wrote　a　manuscript　History　of　the　Fitzgeralds　and　Mackenzies；　　frequently　quoted　in　this　work；　and　Lives　of　Eminent　Scotsmen。　　He；　with　　his　father　sold　the　estate　of　Kinachulladrum　to　Roderick　Mackenzie；　IV。　　of　Applecross；　in　1721；　and　died　without　issue。　（3）　Barbara；　who　married　　Patrick　Oliphant。

V。　　Roderick；　I。　of　Kinachulladrum；　who　married；　first；　Anna；　daughter　of　Ogilvie　of　Glencairn；　in　1668　（sasine　1670）；　with　issue（1）　Alexander；　II。　of　Kinachulladrum；　who　married　Anne；　daughter　of　　Alexander　Mackenzie；　III。　of　Applecross　（marriage　contract　1707）；　with　　issueAnne；　his　only　child　alive　in　　1766；　（2）　Kenneth；　who　died　without　　issue；　and　two　daughters。　　Roderick　married；　secondly；　Catherine　　Scougall；　daughter　of　the　Bishop　of　Aberdeen；　with　issue；　all　of　whom　　died　young。

VI。　　Jean；　who　married；　first；　John　Earl　of　Mar；　with　issue；　and；　secondly；　Lord　Fraser。

VII。　　Margaret；　who　married　Sir　William　Sinclair　of　Mey；　with　issue。

VIII。　　Barbara；　who　married　Sir　John　Urquhart　of　Cromarty。

IX。　　John；　first　of　Gruinard；　a　natural　son　whose　illegitimacy　is　fully　established　in　the　chapter　dealing　with　the　Chiefship　of　the　clan。　　When　his　Lordship　received　the　news　of　the　disastrous　defeat　of　　the　King's　forces　at　Worcester　he　fell　into　a　profound　melancholy　and　　died　in　1651；　at　Schiedam　in　Hollandwhere　he　had　lived　in　exile　since　　the　beginning　of　January；　1649in　the　forty…third　year　of　his　age。　　He　was　　succeeded　by　his　eldest　son；

XV。　　KENNETH　　MOR；　　THIRD　　EARL　　OF　　SEAFORTH；

Kenneth　was　born　at　Brahan　Castle　in　1635；　and　when　he　was　five　or　six　　years　old　his　father　placed　him　under　the　care　of　the　Rev。　Farquhar　　Macrae；　minister　of　Kintail；　and　constable　of　Ellandonnan　Castle；　who　　had　a　seminary　in　his　house　which　was　attended　by　the　sons　of　the　　neighbouring　gentry；　who　kept　young　Kintail　company。　One　of　the　　manuscript　historians　of　the　family；　referring　to　this　practical　early　　training　of　his　Lordship；　says〃This　might　be　thought　a　preposterous　and　　wrong　way　to　educate　a　nobleman；　but　they　who　would　consider　where　the　　most　of　his　interest　lay；　and　how　he　was　among　his　people；　followers；　and　dependants；　on　which　the　family　was　still　valued；　perhaps　will　not　think　　so；　for　by　this　the　young　lord　had　several　advantages；　first；　by　the　　wholesome；　though　not　delicate　or　too　palatable　diet　he　prescribed　to　him　and　used　him　with；　he　began　to　have　a　wholesome　complexion；　so　nimble　and　strong；　that　he　was　able　to　endure　Stress　and　fatigue；　labour　and　　travel；　which　proved　very　useful　to　him　in　his　after　life；　secondly；　he　did　　not　only　learn　the　language　but　became　thoroughly　acquainted　with　and　　learned　the　genius　of　his　several　tribes　or　clans　of　his　Highlanders；　so　that　　afterwards　he　was　reputed　to　be　the　fittest　chief　or　chieftain　of　all　　superiors　in　the　Highlands　and　Isles　of　Scotland；　and　thirdly；　the　early　　impressions　of　being　among　them；　and　acquaint　with　the　bounds；　made　　him　delight　and　take　pleasure　to　be　often　among　them　and　to　know　their　circumstances；　which　indeed　was　his　interest　and　part　of　their　happiness；　so　that　it　was　better　to　give　him　that　first　step　of　education　than　that　which　　would　make　him　a　stranger　at　home；　both　as　to　his　people；　estate；　and　　condition　but　when　he　was　taken　from　Mr　Farquhar　to　a　public　school；　he　　gave　great　evidence　of　his　abilities　and　inclination　for　learning；　and　being　　sent　in　the　year　1651　to　the　King's　College　at　Aberdeen；　under　the　　discipline　of　Mr　Patrick　Sandylands；　before　he　was　well　settled　or　made　　any　progress　in　his　studies　King　Charles　II。；　after　his　army　had　been　defeated　at　Dunbar　the　year　before；　being　then　at　Stirling　recruiting　and　making　up　his　army；　with　which　he　was　resolved　to　march　into　England；　　the　young　laird　was　called　home　in　his　father's　absence；　who　was　left　in　　Holland　（as　already　described）；　to　raise　his　men　for　the　King's　service；　and　　so　went　straight　to　Kintail　with　the　particular　persons　of　his　name；　viz。；　the　　Lairds　of　Pluscardine　and　Lochslinn；　his　uncles；　young　Tarbat；　Rory　of　　Davochmaluag；　Kenneth　of　Coul；　Hector　of　Fairburn；　and　several　others；　　but　the　Kintail　men；　when　called　upon；　made　a　demur　and　declined　to　rise　with　him；　because　he　was　but　a　child；　and　that　his　father；　their　master；　was　　in　life；　without　whom　they　would　not　move；　since　the　King；　if　he　had　use　　for　him　and　for　his　followers；　might　easily　bring　him　home。〃　＇Ardintoul　　MS。＇

Kenneth；　like　his　father　in　later　years；　became　identified　with　the　　fate　of　Charles　II。；　and　devoted　himself　unremittingly　to　the　services　of　that　monarch　during　his　exile。　　From　his　great　stature　he　was　known　　among　the　Highlanders　as　〃Coinneach　Mor。〃　　On　the　arrival　of　the　King　at　　Garmouth；　in　June；　1650；　his　reception　throughout　all　Scotland　was　of　a　　most　cheering　character；　but　the　Highlanders；　who　always　favoured　the　　Stuarts；　were　specially　joyous　on　the　return　of　their　exiled　king。　　After　the　　defeat　by　Oliver　Cromwell　of　the　Scottish　army　at　Dunbara　defeat　　brought　about　by　the　interference　of　the　Committee　of　Estates　and　the　　Kirk　with　the　duties　of　those　in　charge　of　the　forces；　and　whose　plans；　were　they　allowed　to　carry　them　out；　would　have　saved　Scotland　from　the　　first　great　defeat　it　had　ever　received　at　the　hands　of　an　enemythe　King　　resolved　to　come　north　and　throw　himself　upon　the　patriotism　and　loyalty　　or　his　Highland　subjects。　　He　was；　however；　captured　and　taken　back　to　　Perth；　and　afterwards　to　Edinburgh；　by　the　Committee　of　Estates；　on　　whom；　it　is　said；　his　attempted　escape　to　the　Highlands　〃produced　a　　salutary　effect；〃　and　they　began　to　treat　him　with　some　respect；　going　the　　length　even　of　admitting　him　to　their　deliberations。　　A　large　number　of　the　　Highlanders　were　already　in　arms　to　support　him；　but　the　Committee；　　having　the　King　in　their　power；　induced　him　to　write　to　the　Highland　　chiefs　requesting　them　to　lay　down　their　arms。　This　they　refused；　and　to　enforce　the　King's　orders　a　regiment；　under　Sir　John　Drown；　was　　despatched　to　the　North；　but　it　was　surprised　and　defeated　on　the　night　of　　the　21st　of　October　by　Sir　David　Ogilvy　of　Airley。　　On　receiving　this　　intelligence；　General　Leslie　hastened　north　with　a　force　of　3000　cavalry。　　　　General　Middleton；　who　supported　the　King's　friends　in　the　Highlands；　　and　who　was　then　at　Forfar；　hearing　of　Leslie's　advance；　forwarded　him　a　　letter　containing　a　copy　of　a　bond　and　oath　of　engagement　which　had　been　　entered　into　by　Huntly；　Athole；　the　Earl　of　Seaforth；　and　other　leading　　Highland　chiefs；　by　which　they　had　pledged　themselves　on　oath　to　join　　firmly　and　faithfully　together；　and　〃neither　for　fear；　threatening；　　allurement；　nor　advantage；　to　relinquish　the　cause　of　religion；　of　the　king；　　and　of　the　kingdom；　nor　to　lay　down　their　arms　without　a　general　consent；　and　as　the　best　undertakings　did　not　escape　censure　and　malice；　they　　promised　and　swore；　for　the　satisfaction　of　all　reasonable　persons；　that　　they　would　maintain　the　true　religion；　as　then　established　in　Scotland；　the　　National　Covenant　and　the　Solemn　League　and　Covenant；　and　defend　the　　person　of　the　King；　his　prerogative；　greatness；　and　authority；　and　the　privileges　of　parliament；　and　the　freedom　of　the　subject。〃　　Middleton　pointed　out　that　the　only　object　of　himself　and　friends　was　to　unite　the　　Scots　in　the　defence　of　their　common　rights；　and　that；　as　would　be　seen　　from　this　bond；　the　grounds　on　which　they　entered　into　association　were　　exactly　the　same　as　those　professed　by　Leslie　himself。　　Considering　this；　and　seeing　that　the　independence　of　Scotland　was　at　stake；　he　urged　that　　all　Scotsmen　should　join　for　the　preservation　of　their　common　liberties。

Middleton　proposed　to　join　Leslie；　to　place　himself　under　his　command；　　and　expressed　a　hope　that　he　would　not　shed　the　blood　of　his　countrymen　　nor　force　them　to　shed　the　blood　of　their　bethren　in　self…defence。　　These　communications　ended　in　a　treaty　between　Leslie　and　the　leading　　Royalists　at　Strathbogie；　dated　4th　November；　by　which　Middleton　and　his　　followers　received　an　indemnity；　and　laid　down　their　arms。　＇Balfour；　vol；　iv。；　p。　129。　　Highland　Clans；　p。　285＇

Immediately　after　the　battle　of　Worcester；　at　which　Charles　was　defeated　by　Cromwell　in　1651where　we　find　among　those　present　Thomas　Mackenzie　of　Pluscardine　as　one　of　the　Colonels　of　foot　for　　Inverness　and　Ross；　and　Alexander　Cam　Mackenzie；　fourth　son　of　　Alexander；　fifth　of　GairlochCharles　fled　to　the　Continent；　and；　after　　many　severe　hardships　and　narrow　escapes；　he　found　refuge　in　Flanders；　　where　he　continued　to　reside；　often　in　great　want　and　distress；　until　the　Restoration；　when　in　May；　1660；　he　returned　to　England　〃indolent；　selfish；　　unfeeling；　faithless；　ungrateful；　and　insensible　to　shame　or　reproach。〃

The　　Earl　of　Cromarty　says　that　subsequent　to　the　treaty　agreed　upon　between　　Middleton　and　Leslie　at　Strathbogie；　〃Seaforth　joined　the　King　at　Stirling。

After　the　fatal　battle　of　Worcester　he　continued　a　close　prisoner　until　the　　Restoration　of　Charles。〃　　He　was　excepted　from　Oliver　Cromwell's　Act　of　　Grace　and　Pardon　in　1654；　and　his　estates　were　forfeited；　without　any　　provision　being　allowed　out　of　it　for　his　wife　and　family