antony-第10章

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their　general　had　added　to　the　Roman　empire。　　　Antony　was　in　Armenia　when　this　answer　came　to　him；　and　immediately　sent　Canidius　with　sixteen　legions　towards　the　sea；　but　he；　in　the　company　of　Cleopatra；　went　to　Ephesus；　whither　ships　were　coming　in　from　all　quarters　to　form　the　navy；　consisting；　vessels　of　burden　included；　of　eight　hundred　vessels；　of　which　Cleopatra　furnished　two　hundred；　together　with　twenty　thousand　talents；　and　provision　for　the　whole　army　during　the　war。　Antony；　on　the　advice　of　Domitius　and　some　others；　bade　Cleopatra　return　into　Egypt；　there　to　expect　the　event　of　the　war；　but　she；　dreading　some　new　reconciliation　by　Octavia's　means；　prevailed　with　Canidius；　by　a　large　sum　of　money；　to　speak　in　her　favour　with　Antony；　pointing　out　to　him　that　it　was　not　just　that　one　that　bore　so　great　a　part　in　the　charge　of　the　war　should　be　robbed　of　her　share　of　glory　in　the　carrying　it　on；　nor　would　it　be　politic　to　disoblige　the　Egyptians；　who　were　so　considerable　a　part　of　his　naval　forces；　nor　did　he　see　how　she　was　inferior　in　prudence　to　any　of　the　kings　that　were　serving　with　him；　she　had　long　governed　a　great　kingdom　by　herself　alone；　and　long　lived　with　him；　and　gained　experience　in　public　affairs。　These　arguments　（so　the　fate　that　destined　all　to　Caesar　would　have　it）　prevailed；　and　when　all　their　forces　had　met；　they　sailed　together　to　Samos；　and　held　high　festivities。　For；　as　it　was　ordered　that　all　kings；　princes；　and　governors；　all　nations　and　cities　within　the　limits　of　Syria；　the　Maeotid　Lake；　Armenia；　and　Illyria；　should　bring　or　cause　to　be　brought　all　munitions　necessary　for　war；　so　was　it　also　proclaimed　that　all　stage…players　should　make　their　appearance　at　Samos；　so　that；　while　pretty　nearly　the　whole　world　was　filled　with　groans　and　lamentations；　this　one　island　for　some　days　resounded　with　piping　and　harping；　theatres　filling；　and　choruses　playing。　Every　city　sent　an　ox　as　its　contribution　to　the　sacrifice；　and　the　kings　that　accompanied　Antony　competed　who　should　make　the　most　magnificent　feasts　and　the　greatest　presents；　and　men　began　to　ask　themselves；　what　would　be　done　to　celebrate　the　victory；　when　they　went　to　such　an　expense　of　festivity　at　the　opening　of　the　war。　　　This　over；　he　gave　Priene　to　his　players　for　a　habitation；　and　set　sail　for　Athens；　where　fresh　sports　and　play…acting　employed　him。　Cleopatra；　jealous　of　the　honours　Octavia　had　received　at　Athens　（for　Octavia　was　much　beloved　by　the　Athenians）；　courted　the　favour　of　the　people　with　all　sorts　of　attentions。　The　Athenians；　in　requital；　having　decreed　her　public　honours；　deputed　several　of　the　citizens　to　wait　upon　her　at　her　house；　amongst　whom　went　Antony　as　one；　he　being　an　Athenian　citizen；　and　he　it　was　that　made　the　speech。　He　sent　orders　to　Rome　to　have　Octavia　removed　out　of　his　house。　She　left　it；　we　are　told；　accompanied　by　all　his　children；　except　the　eldest　by　Fulvia；　who　was　then　with　his　father；　weeping　and　grieving　that　she　must　be　looked　upon　as　one　of　the　causes　of　the　war。　But　the　Romans　pitied；　not　so　much　her；　as　Antony　himself；　and　more　particularly　those　who　had　seen　Cleopatra；　whom　they　could　report　to　have　no　way　the　advantage　of　Octavia　either　in　youth　or　in　beauty。　　　The　speed　and　extent　of　Antony's　preparations　alarmed　Caesar；　who　feared　he　might　be　forced　to　fight　the　decisive　battle　that　summer。　For　he　wanted　many　necessaries；　and　the　people　grudged　very　much　to　pay　the　taxes；　freemen　being　called　upon　to　pay　a　fourth　part　of　their　incomes；　and　freed　slaves　an　eighth　of　their　property；　so　that　there　were　loud　outcries　against　him；　and　disturbances　throughout　all　Italy。　And　this　is　looked　upon　as　one　of　the　greatest　of　Antony's　oversights；　that　he　did　not　then　press　the　war。　For　he　allowed　time　at　once　for　Caesar　to　make　his　preparations　and　for　the　commotions　to　pass　over。　For　while　people　were　having　their　money　called　for；　they　were　mutinous　and　violent；　but；　having　paid　it；　they　held　their　peace。　Titius　and　Plancus；　men　of　consular　dignity　and　friends　to　Antony；　having　been　ill…used　by　Cleopatra；　whom　they　had　most　resisted　in　her　design　of　being　present　in　the　war；　came　over　to　Caesar　and　gave　information　of　the　contents　of　Antony's　will；　with　which　they　were　acquainted。　It　was　deposited　in　the　hands　of　the　vestal　virgins；　who　refused　to　deliver　it　up；　and　sent　Caesar　word；　if　he　pleased；　he　should　come　and　seize　it　himself；　which　he　did。　And；　reading　it　over　to　himself；　he　noted　those　places　that　were　most　for　his　purpose；　and；　having　summoned　the　senate；　read　them　publicly。　Many　were　scandalized　at　the　proceeding；　thinking　it　out　of　reason　and　equity　to　call　a　man　to　account　for　what　was　not　to　be　until　after　his　death。　Caesar　specially　pressed　what　Antony　said　in　his　will　about　his　burial；　for　he　had　ordered　that　even　if　he　died　in　the　city　of　Rome；　his　body；　after　being　carried　in　state　through　the　forum；　should　be　sent　to　Cleopatra　at　Alexandria。　Calvisius；　a　dependant　of　Caesar's；　urged　other　charges　in　connection　with　Cleopatra　against　Antony；　that　he　had　given　her　the　library　of　Pergamus；　containing　two　hundred　thousand　distinct　volumes；　that　at　a　great　banquet；　in　the　presence　of　many　guests；　he　had　risen　up　and　rubbed　her　feet；　to　fulfil　some　wager　or　promise；　that　he　had　suffered　the　Ephesians　to　salute　her　as　their　queen；　that　he　had　frequently　at　the　public　audience　of　kings　and　princes　received　amorous　messages　written　in　tablets　made　of　onyx　and　crystal；　and　read　them　openly　on　the　tribunal；　that　when　Furnius；　a　man　of　great　authority　and　eloquence　among　the　Romans；　was　pleading；　Cleopatra　happening　to　pass　by　in　her　chair；　Antony　started　up　and　left　them　in　the　middle　of　their　cause；　to　follow　at　her　side　and　attend　her　home。　　　Calvisius；　however；　was　looked　upon　as　the　inventor　of　most　of　these　stories。　Antony's　friends　went　up　and　down　the　city　to　gain　him　credit；　and　sent　one　of　themselves；　Geminius；　to　him；　to　beg　him　to　take　heed　and　not　allow　himself　to　be　deprived　by　vote　of　his　authority；　and　proclaimed　a　public　enemy　to　the　Roman　state。　But　Geminius　no　sooner　arrived　in　Greece　but　he　was　looked　upon　as　one　of　Octavia's　spies；　at　their　suppers　he　was　made　a　continual　butt　for　mockery；　and　was　put　to　sit　in　the　least　honourable　places；　all　of　which　he　bore　very　well；　seeking　only　an　occasion　of　speaking　with　Antony。　So　at　supper；　being　told　to　say　what　business　he　came　about；　he　answered　he　would　keep　the　rest　for　a　soberer　hour；　but　one　thing　he　had　to　say；　whether　full　or　fasting；　that　all　would　go　well　if　Cleopatra　would　return　to　Egypt。　And　on　Antony　showing　his　anger　at　it；　〃You　have　done　well；　Geminius；〃　said　Cleopatra；　〃to　tell　your　secret　without　being　put　to　the　rack。〃　So　Geminius；　after　a　few　days；　took　occasion　to　make　his　escape　and　go　to　Rome。　Many　more　of　Antony's　friends　were　driven　from　him　by　the　insolent　usage　they　had　from　Cleopatra's　flatterers；　amongst　whom　were　Marcus　Silanus　and　Dellius　the　historian。　And　Dellius　says　he　was　afraid　of　his　life；　and　that　Glaucus；　the　physician；　informed　him　of　Cleopatra's　design　against　him。　She　was　angry　with　him　for　having　said　that　Antony's　friends　were　served　with　sour　wine；　while　at　Rome　Sarmentus；　Caesar's　little　page　（his　delicia；　as　the　Romans　call　it）；　drank　Falernian。　　　As　soon　as　Caesar　had　completed　his　preparations；　he　had　a　decree　made　declaring　war　on　Cleopatra；　and　depriving　Antony　of　the　authority　which　he　had　let　a　woman　exercise　in　his　place。　Caesar　added　that　he　had　drunk　potions　that　had　bereaved　him　of　his　senses；　and　that　the　generals　they　would　have　to　fight　with　would　be　Mardion　the　eunuch；　Pothinus；　Iras；　Cleopatra's　hairdressing　girl；　and　Charmion；　who　were　Antony's　chief　state…councillors。　　　These　prodigies　are　said　to　have　announced　the　war。　Pisaurum；　where　Antony　had　settled　a　colony；　on　the　Adriatic　sea；　was　swallowed　up　by　an　earthquake；　sweat　ran　from　one　of　the　marble　statues　of　Antony　at　Alba　for　many　days　together；　and　though　frequently　wiped　off；　did　not　stop。　When　he　himself　was　in　the　city　of　Patrae；　the　temple　of　Hercules　was　struck　by　lightning；　and；　at　Athens；　the　figure　of　Bacchus　was　torn　by　a　violent　wind　out　of　the　Battle　of　the　Giants；　and　laid　flat　upon　the　theatre；　with　both　which　deities　Antony　claimed　connection；　professing　to　be　descended　from　Hercules；　and　from　his　imitating　Bacchus　in　his　way　of　living　having　received　the　name　of　young　Bacchus。　The　same　whirlwind　at　Athens　also　brought　down；　from　amongst　many　others　which　were　not　disturbed；　the　colossal　statues　of　Fumenes　and　Attalus；　which　were　inscribed　with　Antony's　name。　And　in　Cleopatra's　admiral…galley；　which　was　called　the　Antonias；　a　most　inauspicious　omen　occurred。　Some　swallows　had　built　in　the　stern　of　the　galley；　but　other　swallows　came；　beat　the　first　away；　and　destroyed　their　nests。　　　When　the　armaments　gathered　for　the　war；　Antony　had　no　less　than　five　hundred　ships　of　war；　including　numerous　galleys　of　eight　and　ten　banks　of　oars；　as　richly　ornamented　as　if　they　were　meant　for　a　triumph。　He　had　a　hundred　thousand　foot　and　twelve　thousand　horse。　He　had　vassal　kings　attending；　Bocchus　of　Libya；　Tarcondemus　of　the　Upper　Cilicia；　Archelaus　of　Cappadocia；　Philadelphus　of　Paphlagonia；　Mithridates　of　Commagene；　and　Sadalas　of　Thrace；　all　these　were　with　him　in　person。　Out　of　Pontus　Polemon　sent　him　considerable　forces；　as　did　also　Malchus　from　Arabia；　Herod　the　Jew；　and　Amyntas；　King　of　Lycaonia　and　Galatia；　also　the　Median　king　sent　some　troops　to　join　him。　Caesar　had　two　hundred　and　fifty　galleys　of　war；　eighty　thousand　foot；　and　horse　about　equal　to　the　enemy。　Antony's　empire　extended　from　Euphrates　and　Armenia　to　the　Ionian　sea　and　the　Illyrians；　Caesar's；　from　Illyria　to　the　westward　ocean；　and　from　the　ocean　all　along　the　Tuscan　and　Sicilian　sea。　Of　Africa；　Caesar　had　all　the　coast　opposite　to　Italy；　Gaul；　and　Spain；　as　far　as　the　Pillars　of　Hercules；　and　Antony　the　provinces　from　Cyrene　to　Aethiopia。　　　But　so　wholly　was　he　now　the　mere　appendage　to　the　person　of　Cleopatra　that；　although　he　was　much　superior　to　the　enemy　in　land…forces；　yet；　out　of　complaisance　to　his　mistress；　he　wished　the　victory　to　be　gained　by　sea；　and　that；　too；　when　he　could　not　but　see　how；　for　want　of　sailors；　his　captains；　all　through　unhappy　Greece；　were　pressing　every　description　of　men；　common　travellers　and　ass…drivers；　harvest　labourers　and　boys；　and　for　all　this　the　vessels　had　not　their　complements；　but　remained。　most　of　them；　ill…manned　and　badly　rowed。　Caesar；　on　the　other　side；　had　ships　that　were　built　not　for　size　or　show；　but　for　service；　not　pompous　galleys；　but　light；　swift；　and　perfectly　manned；　and　from　his　headquarters　at　Tarentum　and　Brundusium　he　sent　messages　to　Antony　not　to　protract　the　war；　but　come　out　with　his　forces；　he　would　give　him　secure　roadsteads　and　ports　for　his　fleet；　and；　for　his　land　army　to　disembark　and　pitch　their　camp；　he　would　leave　him　as　much　ground　in　Italy；　inland　from　the　sea；　as　a　horse　could　traverse　in　a　single　course。　Antony；　on　the　other　side；　with　the　like　bold　language；　challenged　him　to　a　single　combat；　though　he　were　much　the　older；　and；　that　being　refused；　proposed　to　meet　him　in　the　Pharsalian　fields；　where　Caesar　and　Pompey　had　fought　before。　But　whilst　Antony　lay　with　his　fleet