the life of flavius josephus-第2章

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was　guided　by　his　son　Justus；　did　not　acquiesce　in　that
resolution；　otherwise　he　was　himself　naturally　of　a　good　and
virtuous　character。　But　the　second　faction　was　composed　of　the
most　ignoble　persons；　and　was　determined　for　war。　But　as　for
Justus；　the　son　of　Pistus；　who　was　the　head　of　the　third　faction；
although　he　pretended　to　be　doubtful　about　going　to　war；　yet　was
he　really　desirous　of　innovation；　as　supposing　that　he　should
gain　power　to　himself　by　the　change　of　affairs。　He　therefore　came
into　the　midst　of　them；　and　endeavored　to　inform　the　multitude
that　〃the　city　Tiberius　had　ever　been　a　city　of　Galilee；　and　that
in　the　days　of　Herod　the　tetrarch；　who　had　built　it；　it　had
obtained　the　principal　place；　and　that　he　had　ordered　that　the
city　Sepphoris　should　be　subordinate　to　the　city　Tiberias；　that
they　had　not　lost　this　preeminence　even　under　Agrippa　the　father；
but　had　retained　it　until　Felix　was　procurator　of　Judea。　But　he
told　them；　that　now　they　had　been　so　unfortunate　as　to　be　made　a
present　by　Nero　to　Agrippa；　junior；　and　that；　upon　Sepphoris's
submission　of　itself　to　the　Romans；　that　was　become　the　capital
city　of　Galilee；　and　that　the　royal　library　and　the　archives　were
now　removed　from　them。〃　When　he　had　spoken　these　things；　and　a
great　many　more；　against　king　Agrippa；　in　order　to　provoke　the
people　to　a　revolt；　he　added　that　〃this　was　the　time　for　them　to
take　arms；　and　join　with　the　Galileans　as　their　confederates
（whom　they　might　command；　and　who　would　now　willingly　assist
them；　out　of　the　hatred　they　bare　to　the　people　of　Sepphoris；
because　they　preserved　their　fidelity　to　the　Romans）；　and　to
gather　a　great　number　of　forces；　in　order　to　punish　them。〃　And　as
he　said　this；　he　exhorted　the　multitude；　＇to　go　to　war；＇　for　his
abilities　lay　in　making　harangues　to　the　people；　and　in　being　too
hard　in　his　speeches　for　such　as　opposed　him；　though　they　advised
what　was　more　to　their　advantage；　and　this　by　his　craftiness　and
his　fallacies；　for　he　was　not　unskilful　in　the　learning　of　the
Greeks；　and　in　dependence　on　that　skill　it　was；　that　he　undertook
to　write　a　history　of　these　affairs；　as　aiming；　by　this　way　of
haranguing；　to　disguise　the　truth。　But　as　to　this　man；　and　how
ill　were　his　character　and　conduct　of　life；　and　how　he　and　his
brother　were；　in　great　measure；　the　authors　of　our　destruction；　I
shall　give　the　reader　an　account　in　the　progress　of　my　narration。
So　when　Justus　had；　by　his　persuasions；　prevailed　with　the
citizens　of　Tiberias　to　take　arms；　nay；　and　had　forced　a　great
many　so　to　do　against　their　wills；　he　went　out；　and　set　the
villages　that　belonged　to　Gadara　and　Hippos　on　fire；　which
villages　were　situated　on　the　borders　of　Tiberias；　and　of　the
region　of　Scythopolis。

10。　And　this　was　the　state　Tiberias　was　now　in。　But　as　for
Gischala；　its　affairs　were　thus：　…　When　John；　the　son　of　Levi；
saw　some　of　the　citizens　much　elevated　upon　their　revolt　from　the
Romans；　he　labored　to　restrain　them；　and　entreated　them　that　they
would　keep　their　allegiance　to　them。　But　he　could　not　gain　his
purpose；　although　he　did　his　endeavors　to　the　utmost；　for　the
neighboring　people　of　Gadara；　Gabara；　and　Sogana；　wth　the
Tyrians；　got　together　a　great　army；　and　fell　upon　Gischala；　and
took　Gischala　by　force；　and　set　it　on　fire；　and　when　they　had
entirely　demolished　it；　they　returned　home。　Upon　which　John　was
so　enraged；　that　he　armed　all　his　men；　and　joined　battle　with　the
people　forementioned；　and　rebuilt　Gischala　after　a　manner　better
than　before；　and　fortified　it　with　walls　for　its　future　security。

11。　But　Gamala　persevered　in　its　allegiance　to　the　Romans；　for
the　reason　following：　…　Philip；　the　son　of　Jacimus；　who　was　their
governor　under　king　Agrippa；　had　been　unexpectedly　preserved　when
the　royal　palace　at　Jerusalem　had　been　besieged；　but；　as　he　fled
away；　had　fallen　into　another　danger；　and　that　was；　of　being
killed　by　Manahem；　and　the　robbers　that　were　with　him；　but
certain　Babylonians；　who　were　of　his　kindred；　and　were　then　in
Jerusalem；　hindered　the　robbers　from　executing　their　design。　So
Philip　staid　there　four　days；　and　fled　away　on　the　fifth；　having
disguised　himself　with　fictitious　hair；　that　he　might　not　be
discovered；　and　when　he　was　come　to　one　of　the　villages　to　him
belonging；　but　one　that　was　situated　at　the　borders　of　the
citadel　of　Gamala；　he　sent　to　some　of　those　that　were　under　him；
and　commanded　them　to　come　to　him。　But　God　himself　hindered　that
his　intention；　and　this　for　his　own　advantage　also；　for　had　it
not　so　happened；　he　had　certainly　perished。　For　a　fever　having
seized　upon　him　immediately；　he　wrote　to　Agrippa　and　Bernice；　and
gave　them　to　one　of　his　freed…men　to　carry　them　to　Varus；　who　at
this　time　was　procurator　of　the　kingdom；　which　the　king　and　his
sister　had　intrusted　him　withal；　while　they　were　gone　to　Berytus
with　an　intention　of　meeting　Gessius。　When　Varus　had　received
these　letters　of　Philip；　and　had　learned　that　he　was　preserved；
he　was　very　uneasy　at　it；　as　supposing　that　he　should　appear
useless　to　the　king　and　his　sister；　now　Philip　was　come。　He
therefore　produced　the　carrier　of　the　letters　before　the
multitude；　and　accused　him　of　forging　the　same；　and　said　that　he
spake　falsely　when　he　related　that　Philip　was　at　Jerusalem；
fighting　among　the　Jews　against　the　Romans。　So　he　slew　him。　And
when　this　freed…man　of　Philip　did　not　return　again；　Philip　was
doubtful　what　should　be　the　occasion　of　his　stay；　and　sent　a
second　messenger　with　letters；　that　he　might；　upon　his　return；
inform　him　what　had　befallen　the　other　that　had　been　sent　before；
and　why　he　tarried　so　long。　Varus　accused　this　messenger　also；
when　he　came；　of　telling　a　falsehood；　and　slew　him。　For　he　was
puffed　up　by　the　Syrians　that　were　at　Caesarea；　and　had　great
expectations；　for　they　said　that　Agrippa　would　be　slain　by　the
Romans　for　the　crimes　which　the　Jews　had　committed；　and　that　he
should　himself　take　the　government；　as　derived　from　their　kings；
for　Varus　was；　by　the　confession　of　all；　of　the　royal　family；　as
being　a　descendant　of　Sohemus；　who　had　enjoyed　a　tetrarchy　about
Libanus；　for　which　reason　it　was　that　he　was　puffed　up；　and　kept
the　letters　to　himself。　He　contrived；　also；　that　the　king　should
not　meet　with　those　writings；　by　guarding　all　the　passes；　lest
any　one　should　escape；　and　inform　the　king　what　had　been　done。　He
moreover　slew　many　of　the　Jews；　in　order　to　gratify　the　Syrians
of　Cesarea。　He　had　a　mind　also　to　join　with　the　Trachonites　in
Batanea；　and　to　take　up　arms　and　make　an　assault　upon　the
Babylonian　Jews　that　were　at　Ecbatana；　for　that　was　the　name　they
went　by。　He　therefore　called　to　him　twelve　of　the　Jews　of
Cesarea；　of　the　best　character；　and　ordered　them　to　go　to
Ecbatana；　and　inform　their　countrymen　who　dwelt　there；　That　Varus
hath　heard　that　〃you　intend　to　march　against　the　king；　but；　not
believing　that　report；　he　hath　sent　us　to　persuade　you　to　lay
down　your　arms；　and　that　this　compliance　will　be　a　sign　that　he
did　well　not　to　give　credit　to　those　that　raised　the　report
concerning　you。〃　He　also　enjoined　them　to　send　seventy　of　their
principal　men　to　make　a　defense　for　them　as　to　the　accusation
laid　against　them。　So　when　the　twelve　messengers　came　to　their
countrymen　at　Ecbatana；　and　found　that　they　had　no　designs　of
innovation　at　all；　they　persuaded　them　to　send　the　seventy　men
also；　who；　not　at　all　suspecting　what　would　come；　sent　them
accordingly。　So　these　seventy　went　down　to　Caesarea；　together
with　the　twelve　ambassadors；　where　Varus　met　them　with　the　king's
forces；　and　slew　them　all；　together　with　the　＇twelve＇　（9）
ambassadors；　and　made　an　expedition　against　the　Jews　of　Ecbatana。
But　one　there　was　of　the　seventy　who　escaped；　and　made　haste　to
inform　the　Jews　of　their　coming；　upon　which　they　took　their　arms；
with　their　wives　and　children；　and　retired　to　the　citadel　at
Gamala；　leaving　their　own　villages　full　of　all　sorts　of　good
things；　and　having　many　ten　thousands　of　cattle　therein。　When
Philip　was　informed　of　these　things；　he　also　came　to　the　citadel
of　Gamala；　and　when　he　was　come；　the　multitude　cried　aloud；　and
desired　him　to　resume　the　government；　and　to　make　an　expedition
against　Varus；　and　the　Syrians　of　Cesarea；　for　it　was　reported
that　they　had　slain　the　king。　But　Philip　restrained　their　zeal；
and　put　them　in　mind　of　the　benefits　the　king　had　bestowed　upon
them；　and　told　them　how　powerful　the　Romans　were；　and　said　it　was
not　for　their　advantage　to　make　war　with　them；　and　at　length　he
prevailed　with　them。　But　now；　when　the　king　was　acquainted　with
Varus's　design；　which　was　to　cut　off　the　Jews　of　Caesarea；　being
many　ten　thousands；　with　their　wives　and　children；　and　all　in　one
day；　he　called　to　him　Equiculus　Modius；　and　sent　him　to　be
Varus's　successor；　as　we　have　elsewhere　related。　But　still　Philip
kept　possession　of　the　citadel　of　Gamala；　and　of　the　country
adjoining　to　it；　which　thereby　continued　in　their　allegiance　to
the　Romans。

12。　Now；　as　soon　as　I　was　come　into　Galilee；　and　had　learned　this
state　of　things　by　the　information　of　such　as　told　me　of　them；　I
wrote　to　the　sanhedrim　at　Jerusalem　about　them；　and　required
their　direction　what　I　should　do。　Their　direction　was；　that　I
should　continue　there；　and　that；　if　my　fellow　legates　were
willing；　I　should　join　with　them　in　the　care　of　Galilee。　But
those　my　fellow　legates；　having　gotten　great　riches　from　those
tithes　which　as　priests　were　their　dues；　and　were　given　to　them；
determined　to　return　to　their　own　country。　Yet　when　I　desired
them　to　stay　so　long；　that　we　might　first　settle　the　public
affairs；　they　complied　with　me。　So　I　removed；　together　with　them；
from　the　city　of　Sepphoris；　and　came　to　a　certain　village　called
Bethmaus；　four　furlongs　distant　from　Tiberius；　and　thence　I　sent
messengers　to　the　senate　of　Tiberius；　and　desired　that　the
principal　men　of　the　city　would　come　to　me：　and　when　they　were
come；　Justus　himself　being　also　with　them；　I　told　them　that　I　was
sent　to　them　by　the　people　of　Jerusalem　as　a　legate；　together
with　these　other　priests；　in　order　to　persuade　them　to　demolish
that　house　which　Herod　the　tetrarch　had　built　there；　and　which
had　the　figures　of　living　creatures　in　it；　although　our　laws　have
forbidden　us　to　make　any　such　figures；　and　I　desired　that　they
would　give　us　leave　so　to　do　immediately。　But　for　a　good　while
Capellus　and　the　principal　men　belonging　to　the　city　would　not
give　us　leave；　but　were　at　length　entirely　overcome　by　us；　and
were　induced　to　be　of　our　opinion。　So　Jesus　the　son　of　Sapphias；
one　of　those　whom　we　have　already　mentioned　as　the　leader　of　a
seditious　tumult　of　mariners　and　poor　people；　prevented　us；　and
took　with　him　certain　Galileans；　and　set　the　entire　palace　on
fire；　and　thought　he　should　get　a　great　deal　of　money　thereby；
because　he　saw　some　of　the　roofs　gilt　with　gold。　They　also
plundered　a　great　deal　of　the　furniture；　which　was　done　without
our　approbation；　for　after　we　had　discoursed　with　Capellus　and
the　principal　men　of　the　city；　we　departed　from　Bethmaus；　and
went　into　the　Upper　Galilee。　But　Jesus　and　his　party　slew　all　the
Greeks　that　were　inhabitants　of　Tiberias；　and　as　many　others　as
were　their　enemies　bef