the life of charlotte bronte-1-第15章
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eerful airiness on the heights； and of sunny warmth in the broad green valleys below。 It is just such a neighbourhood as the monks loved； and traces of the old Plantagenet times are to be met with everywhere； side by side with the manufacturing interests of the West Riding of to…day。 There is the park of Kirklees； full of sunny glades； speckled with black shadows of immemorial yew…trees； the grey pile of building； formerly a 〃House of professed Ladies；〃 the mouldering stone in the depth of the wood； under which Robin Hood is said to lie； close outside the park； an old stone…gabled house； now a roadside inn； but which bears the name of the 〃Three Nuns；〃 and has a pictured sign to correspond。 And this quaint old inn is frequented by fustian…dressed mill…hands from the neighbouring worsted factories； which strew the high road from Leeds to Huddersfield； and form the centres round which future villages gather。 Such are the contrasts of modes of living； and of times and seasons； brought before the traveller on the great roads that traverse the West Riding。 In no other part of England； I fancy； are the centuries brought into such close； strange contact as in the district in which Roe Head is situated。 Within six miles of Miss W…'s houseon the left of the road； coming from Leedslie the remains of Howley Hall； now the property of Lord Cardigan； but formerly belonging to a branch of the Saviles。 Near to it is Lady Anne's well； 〃Lady Anne；〃 according to tradition； having been worried and eaten by wolves as she sat at the well； to which the indigo…dyed factory people from Birstall and Batley woollen mills would formerly repair on Palm Sunday； when the waters possess remarkable medicinal efficacy； and it is still believed by some that they assume a strange variety of colours at six o'clock on the morning of that day。
All round the lands held by the farmer who lives in the remains of Howley Hall are stone houses of to…day； occupied by the people who are making their living and their fortunes by the woollen mills that encroach upon and shoulder out the proprietors of the ancient halls。 These are to be seen in every direction； picturesque； many…gabled； with heavy stone carvings of coats of arms for heraldic ornament； belonging to decayed families； from whose ancestral lands field after field has been shorn away； by the urgency of rich manufacturers pressing hard upon necessity。
A smoky atmosphere surrounds these old dwellings of former Yorkshire squires； and blights and blackens the ancient trees that overshadow them； cinder…paths lead up to them； the ground round about is sold for building upon； but still the neighbours； though they subsist by a different state of things； remember that their forefathers lived in agricultural dependence upon the owners of these halls； and treasure up the traditions connected with the stately households that existed centuries ago。 Take Oakwell Hall； for instance。 It stands in a pasture…field； about a quarter of a mile from the high road。 It is but that distance from the busy whirr of the steam…engines employed in the woollen mills at Birstall； and if you walk to it from Birstall Station about meal… time； you encounter strings of mill…hands； blue with woollen dye； and cranching in hungry haste over the cinder…paths bordering the high road。 Turning off from this to the right； you ascend through an old pasture…field； and enter a short by…road； called the 〃Bloody Lane〃a walk haunted by the ghost of a certain Captain Batt； the reprobate proprietor of an old hall close by； in the days of the Stuarts。 From the 〃Bloody Lane；〃 overshadowed by trees； you come into the field in which Oakwell Hall is situated。 It is known in the neighbourhood to be the place described as 〃Field Head；〃 Shirley's residence。 The enclosure in front； half court； half garden； the panelled hall； with the gallery opening into the bed…chambers running round； the barbarous peach…coloured drawing…room； the bright look…out through the garden…door upon the grassy lawns and terraces behind； where the soft…hued pigeons still love to coo and strut in the sun；are described in 〃Shirley。〃 The scenery of that fiction lies close around； the real events which suggested it took place in the immediate neighbourhood。
They show a bloody footprint in a bedchamber of Oakwell Hall； and tell a story connected with it； and with the lane by which the house is approached。 Captain Batt was believed to be far away； his family was at Oakwell； when in the dusk； one winter evening； he came stalking along the lane； and through the hall； and up the stairs； into his own room； where he vanished。 He had been killed in a duel in London that very same afternoon of December 9th； 1684。
The stones of the Hall formed part of the more ancient vicarage； which an ancestor of Captain Batt's had seized in the troublous times for property which succeeded the Reformation。 This Henry Batt possessed himself of houses and money without scruple； and； at last； stole the great bell of Birstall Church； for which sacrilegious theft a fine was imposed on the land； and has to be paid by the owner of the Hall to this day。
But the Oakwell property passed out of the hands of the Batts at the beginning of the last century； collateral descendants succeeded； and left this picturesque trace of their having been。 In the great hall hangs a mighty pair of stag's horns； and dependent from them a printed card； recording the fact that； on the 1st of September； 1763； there was a great hunting…match； when this stag was slain； and that fourteen gentlemen shared in the chase； and dined on the spoil in that hall； along with Fairfax Fearneley； Esq。； the owner。 The fourteen names are given； doubtless 〃mighty men of yore；〃 but； among them all； Sir Fletcher Norton； Attorney…General； and Major…General Birch were the only ones with which I had any association in 1855。 Passing on from Oakwell there lie houses right and left； which were well known to Miss Bronte when she lived at Roe Head； as the hospitable homes of some of her schoolfellows。 Lanes branch off for three or four miles to heaths and commons on the higher ground； which formed pleasant walks on holidays； and then comes the white gate into the field…path leading to Roe Head itself。
One of the bow…windowed rooms on the ground floor with the pleasant look…out I have described was the drawing…room； the other was the schoolroom。 The dining…room was on one side of the door； and faced the road。
The number of pupils； during the year and a half Miss Bronte was there； ranged from seven to ten； and as they did not require the whole of the house for their accommodation； the third story was unoccupied； except by the ghostly idea of a lady； whose rustling silk gown was sometimes heard by the listeners at the foot of the second flight of stairs。
The kind motherly nature of Miss W…； and the small number of the girls； made the establishment more like a private family than a school。 Moreover； she was a native of the district immediately surrounding Roe Head； as were the majority of her pupils。 Most likely Charlotte Bronte； in coming from Haworth； came the greatest distance of all。 〃E。's〃 home was five miles away； two other dear friends （the Rose and Jessie Yorke of 〃Shirley〃） lived still nearer； two or three came from Huddersfield； one or two from Leeds。
I shall now quote from a valuable letter which I have received from 〃Mary；〃 one of these early friends； distinct and graphic in expression； as becomes a cherished associate of Charlotte Bronte's。 The time referred to is her first appearance at Roe Head； on January 19th； 1831。
〃I first saw her coming out of a covered cart； in very old… fashioned clothes； and looking very cold and miserable。 She was coming to school at Miss W…'s。 When she appeared in the schoolroom； her dress was changed； but just as old。 She looked a little old woman； so short…sighted that she always appeared to be seeking something； and moving her head from side to side to catch a sight of it。 She was very shy and nervous； and spoke with a strong Irish accent。 When a book was given her； she dropped her head over it till her nose nearly touched it； and when she was told to hold her head up； up went the book after it； still close to her nose； so that it was not possible to help laughing。〃
This was the first impression she made upon one of those whose dear and valued friend she was to become in after…life。 Another of the girls recalls her first sight of Charlotte； on the day she came； standing by the schoolroom window； looking out on the snowy landscape； and crying； while all the rest were at play。 〃E。〃 was younger than she； and her tender heart was touched by the apparently desolate condition in which she found the oddly… dressed； odd…looking little girl that winter morning； as 〃sick for home she stood in tears；〃 in a new strange place； among new strange people。 Any over…demonstrative kindness would have scared the wild little maiden from Haworth； but 〃E。〃 （who is shadowed forth in the Caroline Helstone of 〃Shirley〃） managed to win confidence； and was allowed to give sympathy。
To quote again from 〃Mary's〃 letter：…
〃We thought her very ignorant； for she had never learnt grammar at all； and very little geography。〃
This account of her partial ignorance is confirmed by her other school…fellows。 But Miss W… was a lady of remarkable intelligence and of delicate tender sympathy。 She gave a proof of this in her first treatment of Charlotte。 The little girl was well…read； but not well…grounded。 Miss W… took her aside and told her she was afraid that she must place her in the second class for some time till she could overtake the girls of her own age in the knowledge of grammar； &c。； but poor Charlotte received this announcement with so sad a fit of crying； that Miss W…'s kind heart was softened； and she wisely perceived that； with such a girl； it would be better to place her in the first class； and allow her to make up by private study in those branches where she was deficient。
〃She would confound us by knowing things that were out of our range altogether。 She was acquainted with most of the short pieces of poetry that we had to learn by heart； would tell us the authors； the poems they were taken from； and sometimes repeat a page or two； and tell us the plot。 She had a habit of writing in italics （printing characters）； and said she had learnt it by writing in their magazine。 They brought out a 'magazine' once a month； and wished it to look as like print as possible。 She told us a tale out of it。 No one wrote in it； and no one read it； but herself； her brother； and two sisters。 She promised to show me some of these magazines； but retracted it afterwards； and would never be persuaded to do so。 In our play hours she sate； or stood still； with a book； if possible。 Some of us once urged her to be on our side in a game at ball。 She said she had never played； and could not play。 We made her try； but soon found that she could not see the ball； so we put her out。 She took all our proceedings with pliable indifference； and always seemed to need a previous resolution to say 'No' to anything。 She used to go and stand under the trees in the play…ground； and say it was pleasanter。 She endeavoured to explain th
