the antiquities of the jews-1-第147章

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and　although　he　knew　that　if　he　gave　him　the　money　he　should　lose
it；　and　that　Trypho　would　not　set　his　brother　free　and　withal
should　deliver　the　sons　of　Jonathan　to　the　enemy；　yet　because　he
was　afraid　that　he　should　have　a　calumny　raised　against　him　among
the　multitude　as　the　cause　of　his　brother's　death；　if　he　neither
gave　the　money；　nor　sent　Jonathan's　sons；　he　gathered　his　army
together；　and　told　them　what　offers　Trypho　had　made；　and　added
this；　that　the　offers　were　ensnaring　and　treacherous；　and　yet
that　it　was　more　eligible　to　send　the　money　and　Jonathan's　sons；
than　to　be　liable　to　the　imputation　of　not　complying　with
Trypho's　offers；　and　thereby　refusing　to　save　his　brother。
Accordingly；　Simon　sent　the　sons　of　Jonathan　and　the　money；　but
when　Trypho　had　received　them；　he　did　not　keep　his　promise；　nor
set　Jonathan　free；　but　took　his　army；　and　went　about　all　the
country；　and　resolved　to　go　afterward　to　Jerusalem　by　the　way　of
Idumea；　while　Simon　went　over　against　him　with　his　army；　and　all
along　pitched　his　own　camp　over　against　his。

6。　But　when　those　that　were　in　the　citadel　had　sent　to　Trypho；
and　besought　him　to　make　haste　and　come　to　them；　and　to　send　them
provisions；　he　prepared　his　cavalry　as　though　he　would　be　at
Jerusalem　that　very　night；　but　so　great　a　quantity　of　snow　fell
in　the　night；　that　it　covered　the　roads；　and　made　them　so　deep；
that　there　was　no　passing；　especially　for　the　cavalry。　This
hindered　him　from　coming　to　Jerusalem；　whereupon　Trypho　removed
thence；　and　came　into　Celesyria；　and　falling　vehemently　upon　the
land　of　Gilead；　he　slew　Jonathan　there；　and　when　he　had　given
order　for　his　burial；　he　returned　himself　to　Antioch。　However；
Simon　sent　some　to　the　city　Basca　to　bring　away　his　brother's
bones；　and　buried　them　in　their　own　city　Modin；　and　all　the
people　made　great　lamentation　over　him。　Simon　also　erected　a　very
large　monument　for　his　father　and　his　brethren；　of　white　and
polished　stone；　and　raised　it　a　great　height；　and　so　as　to　be
seen　a　long　way　off；　and　made　cloisters　about　it；　and　set　up
pillars；　which　were　of　one　stone　apiece；　a　work　it　was　wonderful
to　see。　Moreover；　he　built　seven　pyramids　also　for　his　parents
and　his　brethren；　one　for　each　of　them；　which　were　made　very
surprising；　both　for　their　largeness　and　beauty；　and　which　have
been　preserved　to　this　day；　and　we　know　that　it　was　Simon　who
bestowed　so　much　zeal　about　the　burial　of　Jonathan；　and　the
building　of　these　monuments　for　his　relations。　Now　Jonathan　died
when　he　had　been　high　priest　four　years　（13）　and　had　been　also
the　governor　of　his　nation。　And　these　were　the　circumstances　that
concerned　his　death。

7。　But　Simon；　who　was　made　high　priest　by　the　multitude；　on　the
very　first　year　of　his　high　priesthood　set　his　people　free　from
their　slavery　under　the　Macedonians；　and　permitted　them　to　pay
tribute　to　them　no　longer；　which　liberty　and　freedom　from　tribute
they　obtained　after　a　hundred　and　seventy　years　（14）　of　the
kingdom　of　the　Assyrians；　which　was　after　Seleucus；　who　was
called　Nicator；　got　the　dominion　over　Syria。　Now　the　affection　of
the　multitude　towards　Simon　was　so　great；　that　in　their　contracts
one　with　another；　and　in　their　public　records；　they　wrote；　〃in
the　first　year　of　Simon　the　benefactor　and　ethnarch　of　the　Jews；〃
for　under　him　they　were　very　happy；　and　overcame　the　enemies　that
were　round　about　them；　for　Simon　overthrew　the　city　Gazara；　and
Joppa；　and　Jamhis。　He　also　took　the　citadel　of　Jerusalem　by
siege；　and　cast　it　down　to　the　ground；　that　it　might　not　be　any
more　a　place　of　refuge　to　their　enemies　when　they　took　it；　to　do
them　a　mischief；　as　it　had　been　till　now。　And　when　he　had　done
this；　he　thought　it　their　best　way；　and　most　for　their　advantage；
to　level　the　very　mountain　itself　upon　which　the　citadel　happened
to　stand；　that　so　the　temple　might　be　higher　than　it。　And　indeed；
when　he　had　called　the　multitude　to　an　assembly；　he　persuaded
them　to　have　it　so　demolished；　and　this　by　putting　them　in　mind
what　miseries　they　had　suffered　by　its　garrison　and　the　Jewish
deserters；　and　what　miseries　they　might　hereafter　suffer　in　case
any　foreigner　should　obtain　the　kingdom；　and　put　a　garrison　into
that　citadel。　This　speech　induced　the　multitude　to　a　compliance；
because　he　exhorted　them　to　do　nothing　but　what　was　for　their　own
good：　so　they　all　set　themselves　to　the　work；　and　leveled　the
mountain；　and　in　that　work　spent　both　day　and　night　without　any
intermission；　which　cost　them　three　whole　years　before　it　was
removed；　and　brought　to　an　entire　level　with　the　plain　of　the
rest　of　the　city。　After　which　the　temple　was　the　highest　of　all
the　buildings；　now　the　citadel；　as　well　as　the　mountain　whereon
it　stood；　were　demolished。　And　these　actions　were　thus　performed
under　Simon。

CHAPTER　7。

How　Simon　Confederated　Himself　With　Antiochus　Pius；　And　Made　War
Against　Trypho；　And　A　Little　Afterward；　Against　Cendebeus；　The
General　Of　Antiochus's　Army；　As　Also　How　Simon　Was　Murdered　By
His　Son…In…Law　Ptolemy；　And　That　By　Treachery。

1。　（15）　Now　a　little　while　after　Demetrius　had　been　carried　into
captivity；　Trypho　his　governor　destroyed　Antiochus；　（16）　the　son
of　Alexander；　who　was　also　called　The　God；　（17）　and　this　when　he
had　reigned　four　years；　though　he　gave　it　out　that　he　died　under
the　hands　of　the　surgeons。　He　then　sent　his　friends；　and　those
that　were　most　intimate　with　him；　to　the　soldiers；　and　promised
that　he　would　give　them　a　great　deal　of　money　if　they　would　make
him　king。　He　intimated　to　them　that　Demetrius　was　made　a　captive
by　the　Parthians；　and　that　Demetrius's　brother　Atitiochus；　if　he
came　to　be　king；　would　do　them　a　great　deal　of　mischief；　in　way
of　revenge　for　their　revolting　from　his　brother。　So　the　soldiers；
in　expectation　of　the　wealth　they　should　get　by　bestowing　the
kingdom　on　Trypho；　made　him　their　ruler。　However；　when　Trypho　had
gained　the　management　of　affairs；　he　demonstrated　his　disposition
to　be　wicked；　for　while　he　was　a　private　person；　he　cultivated
familiarity　with　the　multitude；　and　pretended　to　great
moderation；　and　so　drew　them　on　artfully　to　whatsoever　he
pleased；　but　when　he　had　once　taken　the　kingdom；　he　laid　aside
any　further　dissimulation；　and　was　the　true　Trypho；　which
behavior　made　his　enemies　superior　to　him；　for　the　soldiery　hated
him；　and　revolted　from　him　to　Cleopatra；　the　wife　of　Demetrius；
who　was　then　shut　up　in　Seleucia　with　her　children。　But　as
Antiochus；　the　brother　of　Demetrius　who　was　called　Soter；　was　not
admitted　by　any　of　the　cities　on　account　of　Trypho；　Cleopatra
sent　to　him；　and　invited　him　to　marry　her；　and　to　take　the
kingdom。　The　reasons　why　she　made　this　invitation　were　these：
That　her　friends　persuaded　her　to　it；　and　that　she　was　afraid　for
herself；　in　case　some　of　the　people　of　Seleucia　should　deliver　up
the　city　to　Trypho。

2。　As　Antlochuswas　now　come　to　Seleucia；　and　his　forces　increased
every　day；　he　marched　to　fight　Trypho；　and　having　beaten　him　in
the　battle；　he　ejected　him　out　of　the　Upper　Syria　into　Phoenicia；
and　pursued　him　thither；　and　besieged　him　in　Dora　which　was　a
fortress　hard　to　be　taken；　whither　he　had　fled。　He　also　sent
ambassadors　to　Simon　the　Jewish　high　priest；　about　a　league　of
friendship　and　mutual　assistance；　who　readily　accepted　of　the
invitation；　and　sent　to　Antiochus　great　sums　of　money　and
provisions　for　those　that　besieged　Dora；　and　thereby　supplied
them　very　plentifully；　so　that　for　a　little　while　he　was　looked
upon　as　one　of　his　most　intimate　friends；　but　still　Trypho　fled
from　Dora　to　Apamia；　where　he　was　taken　during　the　siege；　and　put
to　death；　when　he　had　reigned　three　years。

3。　However；　Antiochus　forgot　the　kind　assistance　that　Simon　had
afforded　him　in　his　necessity；　by　reason　of　his　covetous　and
wicked　disposition；　and　committed　an　army　of　soldiers　to　his
friend　Cendebeus；　and　sent　him　at　once　to　ravage　Judea；　and　to
seize　Simon。　When　Simon　heard　of　Antiochus's　breaking　his　league
with　him；　although　he　were　now　in　years；　yet；　provoked　with　the
unjust　treatment　he　had　met　with　from　Antiochus；　and　taking　a
resolution　brisker　than　his　age　could　well　bear；　he　went　like　a
young　man　to　act　as　general　of　his　army。　He　also　sent　his　sons
before　among　the　most　hardy　of　his　soldiers；　and　he　himself
marched　on　with　his　army　another　way；　and　laid　many　of　his　men　in
ambushes　in　the　narrow　valleys　between　the　mountains；　nor　did　he
fail　of　success　in　any　one　of　his　attempts；　but　was　too　hard　for
his　enemies　in　every　one　of　them。　So　he　led　the　rest　of　his　life
in　peace；　and　did　also　himself　make　a　league　with　the　Romans。

4。　Now　he　was　the　ruler　of　the　Jews　in　all　eight　years；　but　at　a
feast　came　to　his　end。　It　was　caused　by　the　treachery　of　his
son…in…law　Ptolemy；　who　caught　also　his　wife；　and　two　of　his
sons；　and　kept　them　in　bonds。　He　also　sent　some　to　kill　John　the
third　son；　whose　name　was　Hyrcanus；　but　the　young　man　perceiving
them　coming；　he　avoided　the　danger　he　was　in　from　them；　（18）　and
made　haste　into　the　city　＇Jerusalem＇；　as　relying　on　the　good…will
of　the　multitude；　because　of　the　benefits　they　had　received　from
his　father；　and　because　of　the　hatred　the　same　multitude　bare　to
Ptolemy；　so　that　when　Ptolemy　was　endeavoring　to　enter　the　city
by　another　gate；　they　drove　him　away；　as　having　already　admitted
Hyrcanus。

CHAPTER　8。

Hyrcanus　Receives　The　High　Priesthood；　And　Ejects　Ptolemy　Out　Of
The　Country。　Antiochus　Makes　War　Against　Hyrcanus　And　Afterwards
Makes　A　League　With　Him。

1。　So　Ptolemy　retired　to　one　of　the　fortresses　that　was　above
Jericho；　which　was　called　Dagon。　But　Hyrcanus　having　taken　the
high　priesthood　that　had　been　his　father's　before；　and　in　the
first　place　propitiated　God　by　sacrifices；　he　then　made　an
expedition　against　Ptolemy；　and　when　he　made　his　attacks　upon　the
place；　in　other　points　he　was　too　hard　for　him；　but　was　rendered
weaker　than　he；　by　the　commiseration　he　had　for　his　mother　and
brethren；　and　by　that　only；　for　Ptolemy　brought　them　upon　the
wall；　and　tormented　them　in　the　sight　of　all；　and　threatened　that
he　would　throw　them　down　headlong；　unless　Hyrcanus　would　leave
off　the　siege。　And　as　he　thought　that　so　far　as　he　relaxed　as　to
the　siege　and　taking　of　the　place；　so　much　favor　did　he　show　to
those　that　were　dearest　to　him　by　preventing　their　misery；　his
zeal　about　it　was　cooled。　However；　his　mother　spread　out　her
hands；　and　begged　of　him　that　he　would　not　grow　remiss　on　her
account；　but　indulge　his　indignation　so　much　the　more；　and　that
he　would　do　his　utmost　to　take　the　place　quickly；　in　order　to　get
their　enemy　under　his　power；　and　then　to　avenge　upon　him　what　he
had　done　to　those　that　were　dearest　to　himself；　for　that　death
would　be　to　her　sweet；　though　with　torment；　if　that　enemy　of
theirs　might　but　be　brought　to　punishment　for　his　wicked　dealings
to　them。　Now　when　his　mother　said　so；　he　resolved　to　take　the
fortress　immediately；　but　when　he　saw　her　beaten；　and　torn　to
pieces；　his　courage　failed　him；　and　he　could　not　but　sympathize
with　what　his　mother　suffered；　and　was　thereby　overcome。　And　as
the　siege　was　drawn　out　into　length　by　this　means；　that　year　on
which　the　Jews　used　to　rest　came　on；　for　the　Jews　observe　this