握握弌傍利 > 凪麿窮徨慕 > the memorabilia(射廷瞳) >

及26嫗

the memorabilia(射廷瞳)-及26嫗

弌傍�� the memorabilia(射廷瞳) 忖方�� 耽匈3500忖

梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��




precisely as it was best to do。��5�А�

     ��4�А�See Grote�察 �Plato�察─�ii。 585�察�on Philebus。 

     ��5�А�Or�察 �made the happiest answer。; 

     Soc。 Do I understand you to ask me whether I know anything good for 

fever�拭�

     No ��he replied���察�that is not my question。 

     Soc。 Then for inflammation of the eyes�拭�

     Aristip。 No�察�nor yet that。 

     Soc。 Well then�察�for hunger�拭�

     Aristip。 No�察�nor yet for hunger。 



                                               112 


´ Page 113´

                                         The Memorabilia 



     Well�察 �but   ��answered   Socrates�� if   you   ask   me   whether   I know  of   any 

good   thing   which   is   good   for   nothing�察  �I   neither   know   of   it   nor   want   to 

know。 

     And when Aristippus�察�returning to the charge�察�asked him ;if he knew 

of any thing beautiful�察─�

     He answered�此�Yes�察�many things。 

     Aristip。 Are they all like each other�拭�

     Soc。 On the contrary�察�they are often as unlike as possible。 

     How      then   ��he   asked��    can   that   be   beautiful    which    is  unlike    the 

beautiful�拭�

     Soc。 Bless me� �for the simple reason that it is possible for a man who 

is   a   beautiful   runner   to   be   quite   unlike   another   man   who   is   a   beautiful 

boxer�撮�6�А�or for a shield�察�which is a beautiful weapon for the purpose of 

defence�察�to be absolutely unlike a javelin�察�which is a beautiful weapon of 

swift and sure discharge。 

     ��6�А  �See   Grote�察   �H。   G。;   x。   164�察  �in   reference   to   Epaminondas   and   his 

gymnastic training�察�below�察�III。 x。 6。 

     Aristip。   Your   answers   are   no   better   now   than��7�А  �when   I   asked   you 

whether you knew any good thing。 They are both of a pattern。 

     ��7�А�Or�察 �You answer precisely as you did when 。 。 。; 

     Soc。 And so they should be。 Do you imagine that one thing is good and 

another beautiful�拭�Do not you know that relatively to the same standard all 

things are at once beautiful and good�殖�8�А�In the first place�察�virtue is not a 

good   thing   relatively   to   one   standard   and   a   beautiful   thing   relatively   to 

another     standard�察   �and    in  the  next   place�察  �human     beings�察   �on   the  same 

principle��9�А�and relatively to the same standard�察�are called ;beautiful and 

good;�察�and so the bodily frames of men relatively to the same standards 

are seen to be ;beautiful and good�察─�and in general all things capable of 

being used by man are regarded as at once beautiful and good relatively to 

the same standard the standing being in each case what the thing happens 

to be useful for。��10�А�

     ��8�А�Or�察 �good and beautiful are convertible terms�此�whatever is good is 

beautiful�察�or whatever is beautiful is good。; 



                                                113 


´ Page 114´

                                          The Memorabilia 



     ��9�А  �Or�察   �in   the   same   breath。;   Cf。   Plat。   ;Hipp。   maj。;   295   D�察   �Gorg。; 

474 D。 

     ��10�А   �Or�察   �and   this   standard    is  the   serviceableness      of  the   thing   in 

question。; 

     Aristip。   Then     I   presume    even   a   basket   for   carrying   dung��11�А  �is     a 

beautiful thing�拭�

     ��11�А �Cf。   Plat。   ;Hipp。   maj。;   288   D�察 �290   D�察  �and   Grote's   note�察  �loc。   cit。 

p。 381�此 �in regard to the question wherein consists ��to kalon���拭─�

     Soc。    To   be   sure�察  �and   a  spear    of  gold    an  ugly    thing�察  �if  for  their 

respective usesthe former is well and the latter ill adapted。 

     Aristip。 Do you mean to assert that the same things may be beautiful 

and ugly�拭�

     Soc。 Yes�察�to be sure�察�and by the same showing things may be good and 

bad�此�as�察�for instance�察�what is good for hunger may be bad for fever�察�and 

what   is   good   for   fever   bad   for   hunger�察  �or   again�察  �what   is   beautiful   for 

wrestling is often ugly for running�察�and in general everything is good and 

beautiful   when   well   adapted   for   the   end   in   view�察  �bad   and   ugly  when   ill 

adapted for the same。 

     Similarly when he spoke about houses�撮�12�А�and argued that ;the same 

house must be at once beautiful and useful;I could not help feeling that 

he was giving a  good lesson   on   the problem�此   �how a  house ought   to   be 

built。; He investigated the matter thus�此�

     ��12�А�See K。 Joel�察�op。 cit。 p。 488�察 �Classical Review�察─�vii。 262。 

     Soc。 ;Do you admit that any one purposing to build a perfect house��13�А�

will    plan   to  make    it  at  once    as  pleasant    and   as   useful   to  live   in  as 

possible�拭─�and that point being admitted�撮�14�А�the next question would be�此�

     ��13�А�Or�察 �the ideal house;�察�lit。 ;a house as it should be。; 

     ��14�А�See below�察�IV。 vi。 15。 

     ;It is pleasant to have one's house cool in summer and warm in winter�察�

is   it  not�拭─   �and   this   proposition     also   having     obtained     assent�察   �Now�察�

supposing a house to have a southern aspect�察�sunshine during winter will 

steal in under the verandah�撮�15�А�but in summer�察�when the sun traverses a 

path right over our heads�察�the roof will afford an agreeable shade�察�will it 



                                                 114 


´ Page 115´

                                         The Memorabilia 



not�拭  �If�察  �then�察  �such   an   arrangement   is   desirable�察  �the   southern   side   of   a 

house should be built higher to catch the rays of the winter sun�察�and the 

northern side lower to prevent the cold winds finding ingress�察�in a word�察�it 

is reasonable to suppose that the pleasantest and most beautiful dwelling 

place will be one in which the owner can at all seasons of the year find the 

pleasantest retreat�察�and stow away his goods with the greatest security。; 

     ��15�А�Or�察 �porticoes; or ;collonades。; 

     Paintings��16�А �and   ornamental   mouldings   are   apt   ��he   said��   to   deprive 

one of more joy��17�А�than they confer。 

     ��16�А�See ;Econ。; ix。 2�察�Plat。 ;Hipp。 maj。; 298 A�察 �Rep。; 529�察�Becker�察�

;Charicles�察─�268 ��Engl。 trans。�� 

     ��17�А  。�euphrosunas���察  �archaic   or   ;poetical;   =   ;joyance。;   See   ;Hiero�察─�

vi。 1。 

     The fittest place for a temple or an altar ��he maintained�� was some site 

visible from afar�察�and untrodden by foot of man�今�18�А�since it was a glad 

thing for the worshipper to lift up his eyes afar off and offer up his orison�察�

glad also to wend his way peaceful to prayer unsullied。��19�А�

     ��18�А�e。g。 the summit of Lycabettos�察�or the height on which stands the 

temple of Phygaleia。 Cf。 Eur。 ;Phoen。; 1372�察。�Pallados                       khrusaspidos 

blepsas pros oikon euxato�� of Eteocles。 

     ��19�А  �See   Vitruvius�察  �i。   7�察  �iv。   5�察  �ap。   Schneid。   ad   loc。�察  �W。   L。   Newman�察�

op。 cit。 i。 338。 



                                               IX 



     Being again asked by some one�此�could courage be taught�撮�1�А�or did it 

come by nature�拭�he answered�此�I imagine that just as one body is by nature 

stronger than another body to encounter toils�察�so one soul by nature grows 

more robust than another soul in face of dangers。 Certainly I do note that 

people   brought   up   under  the  same   condition   of   laws   and   customs   differ 

greatly in respect of daring。 Still my belief is that by learning and practice 

the   natural   aptitude   may   always   be   strengthened   towards   courage。   It   is 



                                               115 


´ Page 116´

                                          The Memorabilia 



clear�察�for instance�察�that Scythians or Thracians would not venture to take 

shield   and     spear   and    contend    with   Lacedaemonians�察         �and   it  is  equally 

evident   that   Lacedaemonians   would   demur  to   entering   the  lists   of   battle 

against Thracians if limited to their light shields   and javelins�察�or   against 

Scythians       without     some    weapon      more     familiar    than    their  bows     and 

arrows。��2�А  �And   as   far   as   I   can   see�察  �this   principle   holds   generally�此  �the 

natural   differences   of   one   man   from   another   may   be   compensated   by 

artificial progress�察�the result of care and attention。 All which proves clearly 

that   whether  nature  has   endowed   us   with   keener   or   blunter   sensibilities�察�

the duty of all alike is to learn and practise those things in which we would 

fain achieve distinction。 

     ��1�А  �Or�察   �When   some   one   retorted   upon   him   with   the   question�此  �'Can 

courage be taught��'; and for this problem see IV。 vi。 10�察�11�察                         �Symp。; 

ii。 12�察�Plat。 ;Lach。;�察 �Protag。; 349�察 �Phaedr。; 269 D�察�K。                        Joel�察�op。 cit。 

p。 325 foll。�察�Grote�察 �Plato�察─�i。 468 foll。�察�ii。 60�察                �Jowett�察 �Plato�察─�i。 77�察�

 119�察�Newman�察�op。 cit。 i。 343。 

     ��2�А  �Or�察   �against   Thracians   with   light   shields   and   javelins�察  �or   against 

Scythians with bows and arrows;�察�and for the national arms of                             these 

peoples respectively see Arist。 ;Lysistr。; 563�察 �Anab。; III。                       iv。 15�察�VI。 

VII。 passim。 

     Between wisdom and sobriety of soul ��which is temperance�� he drew 

no   distinction。��3�А  �Was   a   man   able   on   the   one   hand   to   recognise   things 

beautiful and good sufficiently to live in them�拭�Had he�察�on the other hand�察�

knowledge of the ;base and foul; so as to beware of them�拭�If so�察�Socrates 

judged him to be wise at once and sound of soul ��or temperate��。��4�А�

     ��3�А�But cf。 IV。 vi。 7�察�K。 Joel�察�op。 cit。 p。 363。 

     ��4�А  �Reading   ��alla   to   。   。   。   kai   to���察  �or   more   lit。   ;he   discovered   the 

wise man and sound of soul in his power not only to recognise                            things 

'beautiful and good��' but to live and move and have his                       being in them�察�

as   also   in   his   gift of   avoiding   consciously  things           base。;   Or  if   ��alla 

ton 。 。 。 kai ton 。 。 。�� transl。 ;The man who                   not only could recognise 

the    beautiful    and    good�察   �but  lived�察  �etc。�察        �in   that   world�察   �and   who 

morever       consciously      avoided     things    base�察   �in          the    judgment      of 



                                                 116 


´ Page 117´

                                           The Memorabilia 



Socrates was wise and sound of soul。; Cf。 Plat。                       ;Charm。; 

     And being further questioned whether ;he considered those who have 

the   knowledge   of   right   action�察  �but   do   not   apply   it�察  �to   be   wise   and   self´ 

controlled�拭─�Not a whit more�察─�he answered�察 �than I consider them to be 

unwise   and   intemperate。��5�А  �Every   one�察  �I   conceive�察  �deliberately   chooses 

what�察�within   the limits   open to him�察�he   considers most  

卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��13�� 家��8��

低辛嬬浪散議