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off at a slow pace and to gallop full speed only in the middle of the course。 

But now suppose that a commander�察�after making feint��26�А�in this style�察�

presently on wheeling quickens for the charge and quickens to retirehe 

will   be   able   to  hit   the  enemy   far   harder�察  �and   pull   through  absolutely 

without scathe himself most likely�察�through charging at full speed whilst 

in proximity to his   own stronghold ��or main   body���察�and quickening to   a 

gallop as he retires from the stronghold ��or main body�� of the enemy。 If 

further�察�he could secretly contrive to leave behind four or five troopers�察�the 

bravest and best mounted of the squadron�察�it would give them an immense 

advantage   in   falling   upon   the   enemy   whilst   wheeling   to   return   to   the 

charge。��27�А�

     ��24�А�Al。 ;fields and farmsteads between。; 

     ��25�А  �Or�察   �retirements�察─  �see   ;Horsemanship�察─  �viii。   12�察   �Cyrop。;   V。   iv。 

8�察 �Hell。; IV。 ii。 6�察 �Ages。; ii。 3。 

     ��26�А�Or�察 �having precluded in this fashion。 See Theocr。 xxii。 102�此�

                 ��ton men anax ataraxen etosia khersi prodeiknus Pantothen���察�

           ;feinting on every side; ��A。 Lang��。 Al。 ;having given due warning 

of his intention。; Cf。 Aristot。 ;H。 A。; ix。 37。 

     ��27�А   �Cf。    Aristoph。    ;Knights�察─     �244    ��Demosthenes       calls   to   the 

hipparchs�В殖В��此�

                 ��andres eggus 。 all' amunou�察�kapanastrephou palin��。 



                                              IX 



     To read these observations over a few times will be sufficient�察�but for 

giving them effect the officer will need perpetually to act as circumstances 



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require。��1�А     �He   must    take   in   the  situation    at  a   glance�察   �and   carry    out 

unflinchingly       whatever      is  expedient     for  the   moment。      To   set  down     in 

writing   everything   that   he   must   do�察  �is   not   a   whit   more   possible   than   to 

know the future as a whole。��2�А�But of all hints and suggestions the most 

important   to   my   mind   is   this�此  �whatever   you   determine   to   be   right�察  �with 

diligence endeavour to perform。 For be it tillage of the soil�察�or trading�察�or 

seafaring�察�or the art of ruling�察�without pains applied to bring the matter to 

perfection�察  �the   best   theories   in   the   world�察  �the   most   correct   conclusions�察�

will be fruitless。 

     ��1�А。�pros   to paratugkhanon���察�lit。 ;to   meet emergencies。;   Cf。 Thuc。  i。 

122�此   �For   war�察  �least   of   all   things�察  �conforms   to   prescribed   rules�察         �it 

strikes out a path for itself when the moment comes; ��Jowett��。 

     ��2�А  �Or�察   �is   about   as   feasible   as   to   foretell   each   contingency   hid   in 

the womb of futurity。; 

     One   thing   I   am   prepared   to   insist   on�此  �it   is   clear   to   myself   that   by 

Heaven's help our total cavalry force might be much more quickly raised 

to the full quota of a thousand troopers�撮�3�А�and with far less friction to the 

mass of citizens�察�by the enrolment of two hundred foreign cavalry。 Their 

acquisition will be doubly helpful�察�as intensifying the loyalty of the entire 

force and as kindling a mutual ambition to excel in manly virtue。 

     ��3�А�See Schneid。 ad loc。�察�Boeckh�察 �P。 E。 A。; pp。 263�察�264�察�Herod。 vi。 

112�察�Thuc。 vi。 31�察�Aristoph。 ;Knights�察─�223�察�Aeschin。 ;De F。 L。;                           334´ 

337。 See for this reform�察�Martin�察�op。 cit。 343�察�368。 

     I can state on my own knowledge that the Lacedaemonian cavalry only 

began to be famous��4�А�with the introduction of foreign troopers�察�and in the 

other     states  of   Hellas    everywhere       the  foreign    brigades     stand    in  high 

esteem�察  �as   I   perceive。   Need�察  �in   fact�察  �contributes   greatly   to   enthusiasm。 

Towards the necessary cost of the horses I hold that an ample fund will be 

provided�撮�5�А�partly out of the pockets   of those   who are only  too glad to 

escape      cavalry    service    ��in   other   words�察    �those    on   whom      the   service 

devolves prefer to pay a sum of money down and be quit of the duty���撮�6�А�

and from wealthy men who are physically incompetent�察�and I do not see 

why orphans possessed of large estates should not contribute。��7�А�Another 

belief I hold is that amongst our resident aliens��8�А�there are some who will 



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show a laudable ambition if incorporated with the cavalry。 I argue from the 

fact�察�apparent to myself�察�that amongst this class persons are to be found 

most zealously disposed to carry out the part assigned to them�察�in every 

other branch of honourable service which the citizens may choose to share 

with them。 Again�察�it strikes me that if you seek for an energetic infantry to 

support your cavalry�察�you will find it in a corps composed of individuals 

whose   hatred   to   the   foe   is   naturally   intense。��9�А  �But   the   success   of   the 

above      suggestions     will   depend     doubtless     on   the   consenting     will   of 

Heaven。��10�А�

     ��4�А   �Entered   on   an   era   of   prestige   with   the   incorporation   of�察─  �after 

Leuctra�察�371 B。C。�察�when the force was at its worst。 See ;Hell。;                       VI。 iv。 

10。 

     ��5�А  �Or�察   �money     will   be  forthcoming      for   them。;   Cf。   Lys。   ;Against 

Philon�察─�xxxi。 15�察�Martin�察�op。 cit。 319。 

     ��6�А   �Cf。   ;Hell。;   III。  iv。  15�察   �Ages。;     i。  23。  Courier     brackets    this 

sentence �В�oti 。 。 。 ippeuein���А�as a gloss�察�Martin�察�p。 323�察                 �emends。 

     ��7�А�As to the legal exemption of orphans Schneid。 cf。 Dem。 ;Symm。; 

182。 15�察�Lys。 ;Against Diogeit。; 24。 

     ��8�А�Lit。 ;metoecs。; See ;Revenues�察─�ii。 

     ��9�А  �Lit。  ;men     the  most    antagonistic     to  the   enemy。;    Is  the   author 

thinking of Boeotian emigres�拭�Cf。 ;Hell。; VI。 iii。 1�察�5�察�Diod。 xv。                         46。 

6。 

     ��10�А  �Lit。   ;with   the   consenting   will   of   the   gods   these   things   all   may 

come to pass。; 

     And   now   if   the   repetition   of   the   phrase   throughout   this   treatise   ;act 

with God�察─  �surprises any  one�察�he may  take   my word   for   it that   with the 

daily     or   hourly    occurrence      of   perils   which     must    betide    him�察   �his 

wonderment will diminish�察�as also with the clearer recognition of the fact 

that in time of war the antagonists are full of designs against each other�察�

but the precise issue of these plots and counterplots is rarely known。 To 

what   counsellor�察  �then�察  �can   a   man   apply  for   advice   in   his   extremity  save 

only to the gods�察�who know all things and forewarn whomsoever they will 

by victims or by omens�察�by voice or vision�拭�Is it not rational to suppose 

that they will prefer to help in their need�察�not those who only seek them in 



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time of momentary stress and trouble�察�but those rather who in the halcyon 

days of their prosperity make a practice of rendering to Heaven the service 

of heart and soul�拭�



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