history of friedrich ii of prussia v 18-第38章
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alities no army could have。 How she fought； we have seen sufficiently。 Before taking leave of her forever； readers； as she is a paragon in her kind； would perhaps take a glance or two at her marauding qualities；by a good opportunity that offers。 Plotho at Regensburg； that a supreme Reichs Diet may know what a 〃deliverance of Saxony〃 this has been； submits one day the following irrefragable Documents； 〃which have happened；〃 not without good industry of my own； 〃to fall into my ＇Plotho's＇ hands。〃 They are Documents partly of epistolary； partly of a Petitionary form； presented to Polish Majesty； out of that Saxon Country； and have an AFFIDAVIT quality about them； one and all。
1。 BIG DAUPHINESS （that is； D'Estrees） IN THE WESEL COUNTRIES； AT AN EARLY STAGE；WHILE STILL ENDEAVORING WHAT SHE COULD TO BEHAVE WELL； HANGING 1；000 MARAUDERS AND THE LIKE （A private Letter）：
〃COUNTY MARK； 20th JUNE； 1757。 The French troops are going on here in a way to utterly ruin us。 Schmidt； their President of Justice； whom they set up in Cleve； has got orders to change all the Magistracies of the Country ＇Protestant by nature＇； so as that half the members shall be Catholic。 Bielefeld was openly plundered by the French for three hours long。 You cannot by possibility represent to yourself what the actual state of misery in these Countries is。 A SCHEFFEL of rye costs three thalers sixteen groschen ＇who knows how many times its natural price！＇。 And now we are to be forced to eat the spoiled meal those French troops brought with them； which is gone to such a state no animal would have it。 This poisoned meal we are to buy from them； ready money； at the price they fix； and that famine may induce us； they are about to stop the mills； and forcibly take away what little bread… corn we have left。 God have pity on us； and deliver us soon！ Next week we are to have a transit of 6；000 Pfalzers ＇Kur…Pfalz； foolish idle fellow； and Kur…Baiern too； are both in subsidy of France； as usual； 6；000 Pfalzers just due here＇； these； I suppose； will sweep us clean bare。〃 ＇ Helden…Geschichte； iv。 399。＇：
Wesel Fortress； Gate of the Rhine； could not be defended by Friedrich： and the Hanover Incapables； and England still all in St。 Vitus； would not hear of undertaking it； left it wide open for the French； never could recover it； or get the Rhine…Gate barred again； during the whole War。 One hopes they repented；but perhaps it was only Pitt and Duke Ferdinand that did so； instead！ The Wesel Countries were at once occupied by the French； 〃a conquest of her Imperial Majesty's；〃 continued to be administered in Imperial Majesty's name；and are thriving as above。
2。 DAUPHINESS PROPER （that is； Soubise） IN THURINGEN； AT A LATE STAGE：
〃LETTER FROM FREIBURG； SHORTLY AFTER ROSSBACH。It was on the 23d October； a Sunday； that we of Freiburg had our first billeting of French； a body of Cavalry from different regiments ＇going to take Leipzig； take Torgau； what not＇： and from that day Freiburg never emptied of French； who kept marching through it in extraordinary quantities。 The marching lasted fourteen days； namely； till the 6th November ＇day AFTER Rossbach； when they burnt our poor Bridge； and marched for the last time＇； and often the billeting was so heavy； that in a single house there were forty or fifty men。 Who at all times had to be lodged and dieted gratis； nay many householders； over and above the ordinary meal； were obliged to give them money too； and many poor people； who can scarcely get their own bit of bread； had to run and bring at once their sixteen or eighteen groschen ＇pence＇ worth of wine； not to speak of coffee and sugar。 And a great increase of the mischief it was always； that the soldiers and common people did not understand one another's language。〃Heavy billeting； but what was that？ 。。。 〃Vast； nearly impossible； quantities of forage and provision；〃 were wrung from us； as from all the other Towns and Villages about； 〃under continual threatening to burn and raze us from the earth。 Often did our French Colonel threaten； 'He would have the cannon opened on Freiburg straightway。' Nay； had it stood by foraging； we might have reckoned ourselves lucky。 But our straits increased day by day； and sheer plundering became more and more excessive。
〃The robbing and torturing of travellers； the plundering and burning of Saxon Villages 。。。 Almost all the Towns and Villages hereabouts are so plundered out； that many a one now has nothing but what he carries on his body。 Plundering was universal： and no sooner was one party away； than another came； and still another； and often the same house was three or four times plundered。 Branderode； a Village two leagues from this ＇stands on the Field of Rossbach； if we look＇； is so ruined out； that nobody almost has anything left： Chief Inspector Baron von Bose's Schloss there； with its splendid appointments； they ruined utterly； took all money； victuals； valuables； furniture； clothes； linen and beds； all they could carry； what could not be carried away； they cut； hewed and smashed to pieces； broke the wine…casks； and even tore up the documents and letters they found lying in the place。 Branderode Dorf was twice set fire to by them； and was； at last； with Zeuchfeld； which is an Amtsdorf；after both had been plundered；reduced to ashes。 The Churches of Branderode and Zeuchfeld； with several other Churches； were plundered； the altars broken； the altar…cloths and other vestures cut to pieces； and the sacred vessels and cups carried away；except ＇for we have a notarial exactness； and will exaggerate nothing＇ that in the case of Branderode they sent the cup back。 Of the pollution of the altars； and of the blasphemous songs these people sang in the churches； one cannot think without horror。
〃And it was merely our pretended Allies and Protectors that have desecrated our divine service； utterly wasted our Country； reduced the inhabitants to want and desperation； and； in short； have so behaved that you would not know this region again。 Truly these troops have realized for us most of the infamies we heard reported of the Cossacks； and their ravagings in Preussen lately。
〃It is one of their smallest doings that they robbed a Saxon Clergyman ＇name and circumstances can be given if required）； three times over； on the public Highway； shot at him； tied him to a horse's tail and dragged him along with them； so that he is now lying ill； in danger of his life。 On the whole； it is our beloved Pastors； Clergymen most of all； that have been plundered of everything they had。
〃Balgart and Zschieplitz； both Villages half a league from this； have likewise been heavily plundered； they have even left the Parson nothing but what he wore on his back。 Grost；〃 another Rossbach place； 〃which belongs to the Kammerjunker Heldorf； has likewise〃 。。。 OHE； SATIS！〃All this happened between the 23d and 3lst October； consequently before the Battle。 。。。 In many Villages you see the trees and fields sprinkled with feathers from the beds that have been slit up。
〃In several Villages belonging to the Royal Electoral privy Councillor von Bruhl ＇who is properly the fountain of all this and of much other misery to us； if we knew it！＇ the plundering likewise had begun； and a quantity of about a hundred swine ＇so ho！＇ had been cut in pieces： but in the midst of their work； the Allies heard that these were Bruhl estates； and ceased their havoc of them。 These accordingly are the only lands in all this region whose fate has been tolerable。
〃The appellation； every moment renewed； of 'Heretic！' was the courteous address from these people to our fellow…Christians； 'heretic dogs （KETZERISCHE HUNDE）' was a PRADICAT always in their mouth。
〃In Weischutz；〃 a mile or two from us； up the Unstrut； 〃a French Colonel who wanted to ride out upon the works； made the there Pastor； Magister Schren； stoop down by way of horse…block； and mounted into the saddle from his back。 ＇Messieurs； you will kindle the wrath of mankind some day； and get a terrible plucking； with those high ways of yours！＇
〃Churches are all smashed； obscene songs were sung； in form of litany； from the pulpits and altars； what was done with the communion…vessels； when they were not worth stealing；〃is hideous to the religious sense； and shall not be mentioned in human speech。
3。 THE BROGLIO REINFORCEMENT COMING ACROSS TO JOIN SOUBISE； AND PERFORM AT ROSSBACH （Humble Petition from the Magistrates of Sangerhausen； To the King of Poland's Majesty）：
SANGERHAUSEN； 23d OCTOBER； 1757。〃Scarcely had we； with profound submission （ALLERUNTERTHANIGST）； under date of the 13th current； represented to your Royal Majesty and Electoral Translucency how heavily we were pressed down by the forage requisitions and transits of troops； and the consequent； expenditure in food； drinking； in oats and hay； which no one pays；when directly thereafter； on the 14th of October； a new French party； of the Fischer Corps；〃Fischer is a mighty Hussar； scarcely inferior to Turpin；； and stands in astonishing authority with Richelieu； and an Army whose object is plunder； ＇Ferdinand's Correspondente； SOEPIUS （ Westphalen； i。 40…127）； &c。 &c。＇〃new party of the Fischer Corps； of some sixty men and horse； arrived in the Town； demanded meat； drink； oats aud hay； and all things necessary； which they received from us；and not only paid not one farthing for all this； but furthermore some of them； instead of thanks to their Landlord； Rossold； forcibly broke up his press； drank his brandy； and carried off a TOUTE （gather…all） with money in it。 From a Tanner； Lindauer by name； they bargained for a buckskin； and having taken； would not pay it。 In the RATHSKELLER （Town Public…house） they drank much wine； and gave nothing for it： nay on marching off；because no mounted guide （REITENDER BOTE） was at hand； and though they had before expressly said none such would be needed；they rushed about like distracted persons （WIE RASENDE LEUTE） in the market…place and in the streets； beat the people； tumbled them about； and lugged them along； in a violent manner； using abusive language to a frightful extent； and threatening every misfortune。
〃Hardly were we rid of this confusion and astonishment when； on October 21st； a whole swarm of horses； men； women； children and wagons； which likewise all belonged to the Fischer Corps； and were commanded by First…Lieutenant Schmidt； came into our Town。 This troop consisted of 80 men； part infantry； part cavalry； with some 80 work…horses； 10 baggage…wagons； and about 100 persons； women； sick people and the like。 They stayed the whole night here； made meat； drink； corn； hay and whatever they needed be brought them； and went off next day without paying anything。
〃Our Inns were now almost quite exhausted of forage in corn or hay； and we knew not how we were to pay what had been spent；when the thirty French Light Cavalry； of whom we； with profound submission； on the 13th HUJUS gave your Royal Majesty and Electoral Translucency account； renewed their visit upon us； came； under the command of Rittmeister de Mocu； on the 22d of October ＇while the baggage…wagons； work…horses； women； sick； and so forth； were hardly gone＇； towards evening； into the Town； consumed in meat and drink； oats and hay； and the like； what t
