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but   on   the   contrary�察  �a   Pike�察  �a   Perch�察  �or   Trout�察  �and   so   some   other   fish�察�

which have not their teeth in their throats�察�but in their mouths�察�which you 

shall observe to be very full of bones�察�and the skin very thin�察�and little of it。 

I say�察�of these fish the hook never takes so sure hold but you often lose 

your fish�察�unless he have gorged it。 

     Venator。 I thank you�察�good master�察�for this observation。 But now what 

shall be done with my Chub or Cheven that I have caught �拭�

     Piscator。 Marry�察�Sir�察�it shall be given away to some poor body�察�for I'll 

warrant     you    I'll  give  you    a  Trout   for   your   supper�此   �and    it  is  a  good 

beginning of your art to offer your first´fruits to the poor�察�who will both 

thank you and God for it�察�which I see by your silence you seem to consent 

to。 And for your willingness to part with it so charitably�察�I will also teach 

more concerning Chub´fishing。 You are to note�察�that in March and April he 

is usually taken with worms�察�in May�察�June�察�and July�察�he will bite at any fly�察�

or at cherries�察�or at beetles with their legs and wings cut off�察�or at any kind 

of snail�察�or at the black bee that breeds in clay walls。 And he never refuses 

a grasshopper�察�on the top of a swift stream�察�nor�察�at the bottom�察�the young 

humble bee that breeds in long grass�察�and is ordinarily found by the mower 

of   it。   In August�察  �and   in   the   cooler   months�察  �a   yellow   paste�察  �made   of   the 

strongest cheese�察�and pounded in a mortar�察�with a little butter and saffron�察�

so much of it as�察�being beaten small�察�will turn it to a lemon colour。 And 

some   make   a   paste   for   the   winter   months�察  �at   which   time   the   Chub   is 

accounted best�察�for then it is observed�察�that the forked bones are lost�察�or 

turned   into   a   kind   of   gristle�察  �especially   if   he   be   baked�察  �of   cheese   and 

turpentine。   He   will   bite   also   at   a   minnow�察  �or   peek�察  �as   a   Trout   will�此  �of 

which I shall tell you more hereafter�察�and of divers other baits。 But take 

this for a rule�察�that�察�in hot weather�察�he is to be fished for towards the mid´ 

water�察�or near the top�察�and in colder weather�察�nearer the bottom�察�and if you 

fish for him on the top�察�with a beetle�察�or any fly�察�then be sure to let your 

line be very long�察�and to keep out of sight。 And having told you�察�that his 

spawn is excellent meat�察�and that the head of a large Cheven�察�the throat 

being well washed�察�is the best part of him�察�I will say no more of this fish at 

the present�察�but wish you may catch the next you fish for。 

     But�察  �lest   you   may   judge   me   too   nice   in   urging   to   have   the   Chub 



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dressed     so  presently    after  he   is  taken�察  �I  will   commend      to   your 

consideration how curious former times have been in the like kind。 

    You shall read in Seneca�察�his Natural Questions�察�that the ancients were 

so curious   in   the  newness of their  fish�察 �that   that semed   not   new  enough 

that was not put alive into the guest's hand�察�and he says�察�that to that end 

they  did   usually  keep them  living   in glass   bottles in their  dining´rooms�察�

and they did glory much in their entertaining of friends�察�to have that fish 

taken from under their table alive that was instantly to be fed upon�察�and he 

says�察  �they   took  great   pleasure   to  see  their  Mullets   change   to  several 

colours when they were dying。 But enough of this�察�for I doubt I have staid 

too long from giving you some Observations of the Trout�察�and how to fish 

for him�察�which shall take up the next of my spare time。 



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                 The third day ´ continued 



       On the Nature and Breeding of the Trout�察�and how to fish for him 



                                       Chapter IV 



                Piscator�察�Venator�察�Milk´woman�察�Maudlin�察�Hostess 

       Piscator。 The Trout is a fish highly valued�察�both in this and foreign 

nations。   He   may   be   justly   said�察  �as   the   old   poet   said   of   wine�察  �and   we 

English say of venison�察�to be a generous fish�此�a fish that is so like the buck�察�

that he also has his seasons�察�for it is observed�察�that he comes in and goes 

out   of   season   with   the   stag   and   buck。   Gesner   says�察  �his   name   is   of   a 

German offspring�察�and says he is a fish that feeds clean and purely�察�in the 

swiftest streams�察�and on the hardest gravel�察�and that he may justly contend 

with    all  fresh   water    fish�察 �as  the   Mullet    may    with   all  sea   fish�察 �for 

precedency and daintiness of taste�察�and that being in right season�察�the most 

dainty palates have allowed precedency to him。 

     And before I go farther in my discourse�察�let me tell you�察�that you are to 

observe�察  �that   as   there   be   some   barren   does   that   are   good   in   summer�察  �so 

there be some barren Trouts that are good in winter�察�but there are not many 

that are so�察�for usually they be in their perfection in the month of May�察�and 

decline with the buck。 Now you are to take notice�察�that in several countries�察�

as in Germany�察�and in other parts�察�compared to ours�察�fish do differ much in 

their   bigness�察  �and   shape�察  �and   other   ways�察  �and   so   do   Trouts。   It   is   well 

known that in the Lake Leman�察�the Lake of Geneva�察�there are Trouts taken 

of three cubits long�察�as is affirmed by Gesner�察�a writer of good credit�此�and 

Mercator says�察�the Trouts that are taken in the Lake of Geneva are a great 

part of the merchandize of that famous city。 And you are further to know�察�

that   there   be   certain   waters   that   breed   Trouts   remarkable�察  �both   for   their 

number and smallness。 I know a little brook in Kent�察�that breeds them to a 

number incredible�察�and you may take them twenty or forty in an hour�察�but 

none greater than about the size of a Gudgeon。 There are also�察�in divers 

rivers�察�especially that relate to�察�or be near to the sea�察�as Winchester�察�or the 



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Thames about Windsor�察�a little Trout called a Samlet�察�or Skegger Trout�察�in 

both which places I have caught twenty or forty at a standing�察�that will bite 

as   fast   and   as   freely   as   Minnows�此  �these   be   by   some   taken   to   be   young 

Salmons�察�but in those waters they never grow to be bigger than a Herring。 

     There     is  also   in  Kent�察   �near   to  Canterbury�察    �a   Trout   called   there   a 

Fordidge Trout�察�a Trout that bears the name of the town where it is usually 

caught�察�that is accounted the rarest of fish�察�many of them near the bigness 

of a Salmon�察�but known by their different colour�察�and in their best season 

they cut very white�此�and none of these have been known to be caught with 

an angle�察�unless it were one that was caught by Sir George Hastings�察�an 

excellent angler�察�and now with God�此�and he hath told me�察�he thought that 

Trout bit not for hunger but wantonness�察�and it is the rather to be believed�察�

because both he�察�then�察�and many others before him�察�have been curious to 

search into their bellies�察�what the food was by which they lived�察�and have 

found out nothing by which they might satisfy their curiosity。 

     Concerning which you are to take notice�察�that it is reported by  good 

authors�察    �that   grasshoppers       and    some    fish   have    no    mouths�察    �but   are 

nourished and take breath by the porousness of their gills�察�man knows not 

how�此�and this may be believed�察�if we consider that when the raven hath 

hatched her eggs�察�she takes no further care�察�but leaves her young ones to 

the   care   of   the   God   of   nature�察  �who   is   said�察  �in   the   Psalms�察   �to   feed   the 

young ravens that call upon him ;。 And   they be kept alive and fed by  a 

dew�察  �or   worms   that   breed   in   their   nests�察  �or   some   other   ways   that   we 

mortals know not。 And this may be believed of the Fordidge Trout�察�which�察�

as it is said of the stork�察�that he knows his season�察�so he knows his times�察�I 

think   almost   his   day   of   coming   into   that   river   out   of   the   sea�察  �where   he 

lives�察�and�察�it is like�察�feeds�察�nine months of the year�察�and fasts three in the 

river   of   Fordidge。   And   you   are   to   note�察  �that   those   townsmen   are   very 

punctual   in   observing   the   time   of   beginning   to   fish   for   them�察  �and   boast 

much�察�that their river affords a Trout that exceeds all others。 And just so 

does     Sussex     boast   of   several    fish�察 �as�察  �namely�察    �a  Shelsey     Cockle�察    �a 

Chichester Lobster�察�an Arundel Mullet�察�and an Amerly Trout。 

     And�察  �now�察  �for   some   confirmation   of   the   Fordidge   Trout�此  �you   are   to 

know   that   this Trout   is   thought   to   eat   nothing   in   the   fresh   water�察  �and   it 



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may be the better believed�察�because it is well known�察�that swallows�察�and 

bats�察�and wagtails�察�which are called half´year birds�察�and not seen to fly in 

England for six months in the year�察�but about Michaelmas leave us for a 

hotter climate�察�yet some of them that have been left behind their fellows�察�

have been found�察�many thousands at a time�察�in hollow trees�察�or clay caves�察�

where   they   have   been   observed   to   live�察  �and   sleep   out   the   whole   winter�察�

without meat。 And so Albertus observes�察�That there is one kind of frog that 

hath   her   mouth   naturally   shut   up   about   the   end   of August�察  �and   that   she 

lives so all the winter�此�and though it be strange to some�察�yet it is known to 

too many among us to be doubted。 

     And so much for these Fordidge Trouts�察�which never afford an angler 

sport�察�but either live their time of being in the fresh water�察�by their meat 

formerly gotten in the sea�察�not unlike the swallow or frog�察�or�察�by the virtue 

of the fresh water only�察�or�察�as the birds of Paradise and the cameleon are 

said to live�察�by the sun and the air。 

     There is also in Northumberland a Trout called a Bull´trout�察�of a much 

greater length and bigness than any in these southern parts�察�and there are�察�

in many rivers that relate to the sea�察�Salmon´trouts�察�as much different from 

others�察�both in shape and in their spots�察�as we see sheep in some countries 

differ one from another in their shape and bigness�察�and in the fineness of 

the wool�此�and�察�certainly�察�as some pastures breed larger sheep�察�so do some 

rivers�察�by reas

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