evolution and ethics and other essays-第35章

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its　suppression　if　the　army　would　pay　the　costs　already　incurred；　and
which　he　was　unable　to　bear。〃

〃The　New　Papacy〃　fills　sixty　closely　printed　duodecimo　pages。　It　is
carefully　written；　and　for　the　most　part　in　studiously　moderate
language；　moreover；　it　contains　many　precise　details　and　＇296＇
figures；　the　ascertainment　of　which　must　have　taken　much　time　and
trouble。　Yet；　forsooth；　it　was　written　in　〃a　hot　fit。〃

I　sincerely　hope；　for　the　sake　of　his　own　credit；　that　Mr。
〃Commissioner〃　Booth…Clibborn　does　not　know　as　much　about　this
melancholy　business　as　I　do。　　My　hands　are　unfortunately　tied；　and　I
am　not　at　liberty　to　use　all　the　information　in　my　possession。　I　must
content　myself　with　quoting　the　following　passage　from　the　preface　to
〃The　New　Papacy〃：

〃It　has　not　been　without　considerable　thought　and　a　good　deal　of　urging
that　the　following　pages　have　been　given　to　the　public。　But　though　we
would　have　shrunk　from　a　labour　so　distasteful；　and　have　gladly
avoided　a　notoriety　anything　but　pleasant　to　the　feelings；　or
conducive　to　our　material　welfare；　we　have　felt　that　in　the　interests
of　the　benevolent　public；　in　the　interests　of　religion；　in　the
interests　of　a　band　of　devoted　men　and　women　whose　personal　ends　are
being　defeated；　and　the　fruit　of　whose　labour　is　being　destroyed；　and；
above　all；　in　the　interests　of　that　future　which　lies　before　the
Salvation　Army　itself；　if　purged　and　purified　in　its　executive　and
returned　to　its　original　position　in　the　ranks　of　Canadian　Christian
effort；　it　is　no　more　than　our　duty　to　throw　such　light　as　we　are　able
upon　its　true　inwardness；　and　with　that　object　and　for　the　＇297＇
furtherance　of　those　ends　we　offer　our　pages　to　the　public　view。〃

The　preface　is　dated　April　1889。　According　to　the　statement　in　the
〃Toronto　Telegram〃　which　Mr。　〃Commissioner〃　Booth…Clibborn　does　not
dare　to　dispute；　his　Canadian　fellow…〃Commissioner〃　bought　and
destroyed　the　whole　edition　of　〃The　New　Papacy〃　about　the　end　of　the
third　week　in　April。　It　is　clear　that　the　writer　of　the　paragraph
quoted　from　the　preface　was　well　out　of　a　〃hot　fit；〃　if　he　had　ever
been　in　one；　while　he　had　not　entered　on　the　stage　of　repentance
within　three　weeks　of　that　time。　Mr。　〃Commissioner〃　Booth…Clibborn's
scandalous　insinuations　that　Mr。　Sumner　was　bribed　by　〃a　few
sovereigns；〃　and　that　he　was　〃bought　off；〃　in　the　face　of　his　own
admission　that　Mr。　Sumner　〃offered　to　order　its　suppression　if　the
army　would　pay　the　costs　already　incurred；　and　which　he　was　unable　to
bear〃　is　a　crucial　example　of　that　Jesuitry　with　which　the　officials
of　the　army　have　been　so　frequently　charged。

Mr。　〃Commissioner〃　Booth…Clibborn　says　that　when　〃London　headquarters
heard　of　the　affair；　it　disapproved　of　the　action　of　the
Commissioner。〃　That　circumstance　indicates　that　headquarters　is　not
wholly　devoid　of　intelligence；　but　it　has　nothing　to　do　with　the　value
of　Mr。　Sumner's　evidence；　which　is　all　I　am　concerned　about。　Very
likely　London　headquarters　will　disapprove　of　its　French　＇298＇
〃Commissioner's〃　present　action。　But　what　then？　The　upshot　of　all　this
is　that　Mr。　Booth…Clibborn　has　made　as　great　a　blunder　as　simple　Mr。
Trotter　did。　The　pair　of　Balaams　greatly　desired　to　curse；　but　have
been　compelled　to　bless。　They　have；　between　them；　completely　justified
my　reliance　on　Mr。　Sumner　as　a　perfectly　trustworthy　witness；　and
neither　of　them　has　dared　to　challenge　the　accuracy　of　one　solitary
statement　made　by　that　worthy　gentleman；　whose　full　story　I　hope　some
day　or　other　to　see　set　before　the　public。　Then　the　true　causes　of　his
action　will　be　made　known。

Paragraph　2　of　the　〃Commissioner's〃　letter　says　many　things；　but　not
much　about　Mr。　Hodges。　The　columns　of　the　〃Times〃　recently　showed　that
Mr。　Hodges　was　able　to　compel　an　apology　from　Mr。　Trotter。　I　leave　it
to　him　to　deal　with　the　〃Commissioner。〃

As　to　the　〃Eagle〃　case；　treated　of　in　paragraph　No。　3；　a　gentleman
well　versed　in　the　law；　who　was　in　court　during　the　hearing　of　the
appeal；　has　assured　me　that　the　argument　was　purely　technical；　that
the　facts　were　very　slightly　gone　into；　and　that；　so　far　as　he　knows；
no　dissenting　comment　was　made　on　the　strictures　of　the　Judge　before
whom　the　case　first　came。　　Moreover；　in　the　judgment　of　the　Master　of
the　Rolls；　fully　recorded　in　the　〃Times〃　of　February　14th；　1884；　the
following　passages　occur：

＇299＇　〃The　case　had　been　heard　by　a　learned　Judge；　who　had　exercised
his　discretion　upon　it；　and　the　Court　would　not　interfere　with　his
discretion　unless　they　could　see　that　he　was　wrong。　The　learned　Judge
had　taken　a　strong　view　of　the　conduct　of　the　defendant；　but
nevertheless　had　said　that　he　would　have　given　relief　if　he　could　have
seen　how　far　protection　and　compensation　could　be　given。　And　if　this
Court　differed　from　him　in　that　view；　and　could　give　relief　without
forfeiture；　they　would　be　acting　on　his　own　principle　in　doing　so。
Certain　suggestions　had　been　made　with　that　view；　and　the　Court　had　to
consider　the　case　under　all　the　circumstances。。。。　He　himself　（the
Master　of　the　Rolls）　considered　that　it　was　probable　the　defendant；
with　his　principles；　had　intended　to　destroy　the　property　as　a
public…house；　and　that　it　was　not　right　thus　to　take　property　under　a
covenant　to　keep　it　up　as　a　public…house；　intending　to　destroy　it　as
such。　　He　did　not；　however；　think　this　was　enough　to　deprive　him　of
all　relief。　The　defendant　could　only　expect　severe　terms。〃

Yet；　Sir；　Mr。　〃Commissioner〃　Booth…Clibborn；　this　high　official　of　the
Salvation　Army；　has　the　audacity　to　tell　the　public　that　if　I　had　made
inquiries　I　should　have　found　that　〃in　the　Court　of　Appeal　the　Judge
reversed　the　decision　of　his　predecessor　as　regards　seven　eighths　of
the　property；　and　the　General　was　declared　to　have　acted　＇300＇　all
along　with　straight　forwardness　and　good　faith。〃

But　the　nature　of　Mr。　〃Commissioner〃　Booth…Clibborn's　conceptions　of
straightforwardness　and　good　faith　is　so　marvellously　illustrated　by
the　portions　of　his　letter　with　which　I　have　dealt　that　I　doubt　not
his　statements　are　quite　up　to　the　level　of　the　〃Army〃　Regulations　and
Instructions　in　regard　to　those　cardinal　virtues。　As　I　pointed　out　must
be　the　case；　the　slave　is　subdued　to　that　he　works　in。

For　myself；　I　must　confess　that　the　process　of　wading　through　Mr。
〃Commissioner's〃　verbose　and　clumsy　pleadings　has　given　me　a　〃hot
fit；〃　which；　I　undertake　to　say；　will　be　followed　by　not　so　much　as　a
passing　shiver　of　repentance。　And　it　is　under　the　influence　of　the
genial　warmth　diffused　through　the　frame；　on　one　of　those　rare
occasions　when　one　may　be　〃angry　and　sin　not；〃　that　I　infringe　my
resolution　to　trouble　you　with　no　more　letters。　On　reflection；　I　am
convinced　that　it　is　undesirable　that　the　public　should　be　misled；　for
even　a　few　days；　by　misrepresentations　so　serious。

I　am　copiously　abused　for　speaking　of　the　Jesuitical　methods　of　the
superior　officials　of　the　Salvation　Army。　But　the　following　facts　have
not　been；　and；　I　believe；　cannot　be；　denied：

　　　1。　Mr。　Booth's　conduct　in　the　〃Eagle〃　case　has　been　censured　by　two
of　the　Judges。

＇301＇　2。　Mr。　Bramwell　Booth　admitted　before　Mr。　Justice　Lopes　that　he
had　made　an　untrue　statement　because　of　a　promise　he　had　made　to　Mr。
Stead。*

　　　　*　This　statement　has　been　disputed；　but　not　yet　publicly。　（See　p。　305。）

And　I　have　just　proved　that　Mr。　〃Commissioner〃　Booth…Clibborn　asserts
the　exact　contrary　of　that　which　your　report　of　the　judgment　of　the
Master　of　the　Rolls　tells　us　that　distinguished　judge　said。

Under　these　circumstances；　I　think　that　my　politeness　in　applying　no
harder　adjective　than　〃Jesuitical〃　to　these　proceedings　is　not
properly　appreciated。

　　　　　　I　am；　Sir；　your　obedient　servant；
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　T。　H。　Huxley。



　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　XII。

The　〃Times；〃　January　22nd；　1891

SIR；I　think　that　your　readers　will　be　interested　in　the　accompanying
opinion；　written　in　consultation　with　an　eminent　Chancery　Queen's
Counsel；　with　which　I　have　been　favoured。　It　will　be　observed　that
this　important　legal　deliverance　＇302＇　justifies　much　stronger
language　than　any　which　I　have　applied　to　the　only　security　（？）　for
the　proper　administration　of　the　funds　in　Mr。　Booth's　hands　which
appears　to　be　in　existence。

I　am；　Sir；　your　obedient　servant；
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　T。　H。　Huxley。

　　　　　　　1；　Dr。　Johnson's　Buildings；　Temple；　E。C。；
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　January　14；　1891。

MR。　BOOTH'S　DECLARATION　OF　TRUST　DEED；　1878。

〃I　am　of　opinion；　subject　to　the　question　whether　there　may　be　any
provision　in　the　Charitable　Trusts　Acts　which　can　be　made　available
for　enforcing　some　scheme　for　the　appropriation　of　the　property；　and
with　regard　to　the　real　and　leasehold　properties　whether　the
conveyances　and　leases　are　not　altogether　void；　as　frauds　on　the
Mortmain　Acts；　that　nothing　can　be　done　to　control　or　to　interfere
with　Booth　in　the　disposition　or　application　of　the　properties　or
moneys　purported　to　be　affected　by　the　deed。

〃As　to　the　properties　vested　in　Booth　himself；　it　appears　to　me　that
such　are　placed　absolutely　under　his　power　and　control　both　as　to　the
disposal　and　application　thereof；　and　that　there　are　no　trusts　for　any
specific　purposes　declared　which　＇303＇　could　be　enforced；　and　that
there　are　no　defined　persons　nor　classes　of　persons　who　can　claim　to
be　entitled　to　the　benefits　of　them；　or　at　whose　instance　they　could
be　enforced　by　any　legal　process。

〃As　to　the　properties　（if　any）　vested　in　trustees　appointed　by　Booth；
it　appears　to　me　that　the　only　person　who　has　a　locus　standi　to
enforce　these　trusts　is　Booth　himself；　and　that　he　would　have　absolute
power　over　the　trusts　and　the　property；　and　might　deal　with　the
property　as　he　pleased；　and　that；　as　in　the　former　case；　nothing　could
be　done　in　the　way　of　enforcing　any　trusts　against　him。

〃As　to　the　moneys　contributed　or　raised　by　mortgage　for　the　general
purposes　of　the　mission；　it　appears　to　me　that　Booth　may　expend　them
as　he　pleases；　without　being　subject　to　any　legal　control；　and　that　he
cannot　even　be　compelled　to　publish　any　balance…sheets。

〃Whether　there　are　any　provisions　in　the　Charitable　Trusts　Acts　which
could　be　made　available　for　enforcing　some　scheme　for　the　application
of　the　property　or　funds　is　a　question　to　which　I　should　require　to
give　a　closer　consideration　should　it　become　necessary　to　go　into　it；
but　at　present；　after　perusing　these　Acts；　and　especially　16　and　17
Vict。　c。　137　and　18　and　19　Vict。　c。　124；　I　cannot　see　how　they　could
be　made　applicable　to　the　trusts　as　declared　in　this　deed。

＇304＇　〃As　to　the　Mortmain　Acts；　the　matter　is　clearly　charitable；　and
unless　in　the　conveyances　and　leases　to　Booth；　or　to　the　trustees　（if
any）　named　by　him；　all　the　provisions　of　the　Acts　have　been　complied
with；　and　the　deeds　have　been　enrolled　under　the　Acts；　they　would　be
void。　It　is　probable；　however；　that　every　conveyance　and　lease　has
been　taken　without　disclosing　any　charitable　trust；　for　the　purpose　of
preventing　it　from　being　void　on　the　face　of　it。　It　is　to　be　noted
that　the　deed　is　a　mere　deed　poll　by　Booth　himself；　without　any　other
party　to　it；　who；　as　a　contracting　party；　would　have