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a tramp�察�I shall always give him a rouble�察�and take him to the 

beer´house�察�and treat him to some wine。  I shall tell him I was 

a tramp myself once。  I shall tell my father all about you。  I 

shall say�此�'This manhe was like an elder brother to me。 He 

lectured me�察�and beat me�察�the dog�  �He fed me�察�and now�察�I shall 

say�察�you must feed him。'  I shall tell him to feed you for a

whole year。  Do you hear that�察�Maxime�拭�



I liked to hear him talk in this strain�察�at those times he 

seemed so simple�察�so child´like。  His words were all the more 

pleasant because I had not a single friend in all Tiflis。 

Winter was approaching。  We had already been caught in a 

snowstorm in the Goudaour hills。  I reckoned somewhat on 

Shakro's promises。  We walked on rapidly till we reached 

Mesket�察�the ancient capital of Iberia。  The next day we hoped 

to be in Tiflis。



I caught sight of the capital of the Caucasus in the distance�察�

as it lay some five versts farther on�察�nestling between two 

high hills。  The end of our journey was fast approaching�  �I 

was rejoicing�察�but Shakro was indifferent。  With a vacant look 

he fixed his eyes on the distance�察�and began spitting on one 

side�察�while he kept rubbing his stomach with a grimace of pain。 

The pain in his stomach was caused by his having eaten too

many raw carrots�察�which he had pulled up by the wayside。





227  MY FELLOW´TRAVELLER





;Do you think I�察�a nobleman of Georgia�察�will show myself in 

my native town�察�torn and dirty as I am now�拭 �No�察�indeed�察�that 

I never could�  �We must wait outside till night。  Let us rest 

here。;



We twisted up a couple of cigarettes from our last bit of 

tobacco�察�and�察�shivering with cold�察�we sat down under the walls 

of a deserted building to have a smoke。  The piercing cold 

wind seemed to cut through our bodies。  Shakro sat humming a 

melancholy song�察�while I fell to picturing to myself a warm 

room�察�and other advantages of a settled life over a wandering 

existence。



;Let us move on now� ─�said Shakro resolutely。



It had now become dark。  The lights were twinkling down below 

in the town。  It was a pretty sight to watch them flashing one 

after the other�察�out of the mist of the valley�察�where the town 

lay hidden。



;Look here�察�you give me your bashleek��* I want to cover my 

face up with it。  My friends might recognize me。;



I gave him my bashleek。  We were already in Olga Street�察�and 

Shakro was whistling boldly。



;Maxime�察�do you see that bridge over yonder�拭 �The train stops 

there。  Go and wait for me there�察�please。 I want first to go 

and ask a friend�察�who lives close by�察�about my father and 

mother。;



;You won't be long�察�will you�拭�



;Only a minute。  Not more� �



* A kind of hood worn by men to keep their ears warm。





228  MY FELLOW´TRAVELLER





He plunged rapidly down the nearest dark�察�narrow lane�察�and 

disappeareddisappeared for ever。



I never met him againthe man who was my fellow´traveller 

for nearly four long months�察�but I often think of him with 

a good´humored feeling�察�and light´hearted laughter。



He taught me much that one does not find in the thick 

volumes of wise philosophers�察�for the wisdom of life is 

always deeper and wider than the wisdom of men。



229











ON A RAFT













Heavy clouds drift slowly across the sleepy river and hang 

every moment lower and thicker。  In the distance their ragged 

gray edges seem almost to touch the surface of the rapid and 

muddy waters�察�swollen by the floods of spring�察�and there�察�

where they touch�察�an impenetrable wall rises to the skies�察�

barring the flow of the river and the passage of the raft。



The stream�察�swirling against this wallwashing vainly against 

it with a wistful wailing swishseems to be thrown back on 

itself�察�and then to hasten away on either side�察�where lies the 

moist fog of a dark spring night。



The raft floats onward�察�and the distance opens out before it 

into heavy cloudmassed space。  The banks of the rivers are 

invisible�察�darkness covers them�察�and the lapping waves of a 

spring flood seem to have washed them into space。



The river below has spread into a sea�察�while the heavens 

above�察�swatched in cloud masses�察�hang heavy�察�humid�察�and 

leaden。*





230  ON A RAFT





There is no atmosphere�察�no color in this gray blurred picture。



The raft glides down swiftly and noiselessly�察�while out of 

the darkness appears�察�suddenly bearing down on it�察�a steamer�察�

pouring from its funnels a merry crowd of sparks�察�and churning 

up the water with the paddles of its great revolving wheels。



The two red forward lights gleam every moment larger and 

brighter�察�and the mast´head lantern sways slowly from side to 

side�察�as if winking mysteriously at the night。  The distance 

is filled with the noise of the troubled water�察�and the heavy 

thud´thud of the engines。



;Look ahead� ─�is heard from the raft。  The voice is that of a 

deep´chested man。



* The river is the volga�察�and the passage of strings of rafts 

down its stream in early spring is being described by the 

author。  The allusion later on to the Brotherhood living in 

the Caucasus�察�refers to the persecuted Doukhobori�察�who have 

since been driven from their homes by the Russian authorities 

and have taken refuge in Canada。



In order to enter into the sociology of this story of Gorkv's 

it must be explained that among ancient Russian folk´customs�察�

as the young peasants were married at a very early age�察�the 

father of the bridegroom considered he had rights over his 

daughter´in´law。  In later times�察�this custom although 

occasionally continued�察�was held in disrepute among the 

peasantry�察�but that it has not entirely died out is proved 

by the little drama sketched in by the hand of a genius in 

;On a Raft。;





231  ON A RAFT





Two men are standing aft�察�grasping each a long pole�察�which 

propel the raft and act as rudders�察�Mitia�察�the son of the 

owner�察�a fair�察�weak�察�melancholy´looking lad of twenty´two�察�

and Sergei�察�a peasant�察�hired to help in the work on board the 

raft�察�a bluff�察�healthy�察�red´bearded fellow�察�whose upper lip�察�

raised with a mocking sneer�察�discloses a mouth filled with 

large�察�strong teeth。



;Starboard� ─ �A second cry vibrates through the darkness ahead 

of the rafts。



;What are you shouting for�察�we know our business � ─�Sergei 

growls raspingly�察�pressing his expanded chest against the pole。 

;Ouch� �Pull harder�察�Mitia� ─ �Mitia pushes with his feet against 

the damp planks that form the raft�察�and with his thin hands 

draws toward him the heavy steering pole�察�coughing hoarsely the 

while。



;Harder�察�to starboard�  �You cursed loafers� ─ �The master cries 

again�察�anger and anxiety in his voice。



;Shout away� ─�mutters Sergei。  ;Here's your miserable devil of 

a son�察�who couldn't break a straw across his knee�察�and you put 

him to steer a raft�察�and then you yell so that all the river 

hears you。  You were mean enough not to take a second 

steersman�察�so now you may tear your throat to pieces shouting� �



These last words were growled out loud enough to be heard 

forward�察�and as if Sergei wished they should be heard。



The steamer passed rapidly alongside the raft sweeping the 

frothing water from under her paddle wheels。  The planks tossed 

up and down in the wash�察�and the osier branches fastening them 

together�察�groaned and scraped with a moist�察�plaintive sound。



The lit´up portholes of the steamer seem for a moment to rake 

the raft and the river with fiery eyes�察�reflected in the 

seething water�察�like luminous trembling spots。  Then all 

disappears。





232  ON A RAFT





The wash of the steamer sweeps backward and forward�察�over the 

raft�察�the planks dance up and down。  Mitia�察�swaying with the 

movements of the water�察�clutches convulsively the steering 

pole to save himself from falling。



;Well�察�well�察─�says Sergei�察�laughing。  ;So you're beginning to 

dance�  �Your father will start yelling again。  Or he'll 

perhaps come and give you one or two in the ribs�察�then you'll 

dance to another tune�  �Port side now�  �Ouch� �



And with his muscles strung like steel springs�察�Sergei gives 

a powerful push to his pole�察�forcing it deep down into the 

water。  Energetic�察�tall�察�mocking and rather malicious�察�he 

stands bare´footed�察�rigid�察�as if a part of the planks�察�looking 

straight ahead�察�ready at any moment to change the direction of 

the raft。



;Just look there at your father kissing Marka�  �Aren't they a 

pair of devils�拭 �No shame�察�and no conscience。  Why don't you 

get away from them�察�Mitiaaway from these Pagan pigs�拭 �Why�拭 �

Do you hear�拭�



;I hear�察─�answered Mitia in a stifled voice�察�without looking 

toward the spot which Sergei pointed to through the darkness�察�

where the form of Mitia's father could be seen。



;I hear�察─�mocked Sergei�察�laughing ironically。



;You poor half´baked creature�  �A pleasant state of things 

indeed� ─ �he continued�察�encouraged by the apathy of Mitia。 

;And what a devil that old man is�  �He finds a wife for his 

son�察�he takes the son's wife away from him�察�and all's well��

The old brute� �





233  ON A RAFT





Mitia is silent�察�and looks astern up the river�察�where another 

wall of mist is formed。  Now the clouds close in all round�察�

and the raft hardly appears to move�察�but to be standing still 

in the thick�察�dark water�察�crushed down by the heavy gray´black 

vaporous masses�察�which drift across the heavens�察�and bar the 

way。



The whole river seems like a fathomless�察�hidden whirlpool�察�

surrounded by immense mountains�察�rising toward heaven�察�and 

capped with shrouding mists。



The stillness suffocates�察�and the water seems spellbound with 

expectation�察�as it beats softly against the raft。  A great 

sadness�察�and a timid questioning is heard in that faint sound

the only voice of the nightaccentuating still more the 

silence。  ;We want a little wind now�察─�says Sergei。  ;No it's 

not exactly wind we want that would bring rain�察─�he replies to 

himself�察�as he begins to fill his pipe。  A match strikes�察�and 

the bubbling sound of a pipe being lighted is heard。 A red

gleam appears�察�throwing a glow over the big face of Sergei�察�

and then�察�as the light dies down he is lost in the darkness。



;Mitia� ─�he cries。  His voice is now less brutal and more 

mocking。



;What is it�拭─�replies Mitia�察�without moving his gaze from the 

distance�察�where be seems with his big sad eyes to be searching 

for something。



;How did it happen�察�mate�拭 �How did it happen�拭�



;What�拭─�answers Mitia�察�displeased。



;How did you come to marry�拭 �What a queer set out�  �How was 

it�拭 �You brought your wife home��and then�拭 �Ha� �ha� �ha� �





234  ON A RAFT





;What are you cackling about�拭 �Look out there� ─�came 

threateningly across the

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