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er; would have forgiven my saying  that sometimes I have had a doubt whether the father was not; after  all; the greater man of the two; though certainly not; like the  hero of IN MEMORIAM; moulded 〃in colossal calm。〃

In theological matters; in which Thomas Stevenson had been much and  deeply exercised; he held very strong views; leading decisively to  ultra…Calvinism; but; as I myself could well sympathise with such  views; if I did not hold them; knowing well the strange ways in  which they had gone to form grand; if sometimes sternly forbidding  characters; there were no cross…purposes as there might have been  with some on that subject。  And always I felt I had an original  character and a most interesting one to study。

This is another very characteristic letter to me from Davos Platz:


〃CHALET BUOL; DAVOS; GRISONS; SWITZERLAND。  (NO DATE。)

〃MY DEAR DR JAPP; … You must think me a forgetful rogue; as indeed  I am; for I have but now told my publisher to send you a copy of  the FAMILIAR STUDIES。  However; I own I have delayed this letter  till I could send you the enclosed。  Remembering the night at  Braemar; when we visited the picture…gallery; I hoped they might  amuse you。

〃You see we do some publishing hereaway。

〃With kind regards; believe me; always yours faithfully; ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON。〃

〃I shall hope to see you in town in May。〃


The enclosed was the second series of MORAL EMBLEMS; by R。 L。  Stevenson; printed by Samuel Osbourne。  My answer to this letter  brought the following:


〃CHALET…BUOL; DAVOS; APRIL 1st; 1882。

〃MY DEAR DR JAPP; … A good day to date this letter; which is; in  fact; a confession of incapacity。  During my wife's wretched  illness … or I should say the worst of it; for she is not yet  rightly well … I somewhat lost my head; and entirely lost a great  quire of corrected proofs。  This is one of the results:  I hope  there are none more serious。  I was never so sick of any volume as  I was of that; I was continually receiving fresh proofs with fresh  infinitesimal difficulties。  I was ill; I did really fear; for my  wife was worse than ill。  Well; 'tis out now; and though I have  already observed several carelessnesses myself; and now here is  another of your finding … of which indeed; I ought to be ashamed …  it will only justify the sweeping humility of the preface。

〃Symonds was actually dining with us when your letter came; and I  communicated your remarks; which pleased him。  He is a far better  and more interesting thing than his books。

〃The elephant was my wife's; so she is proportionately elate you  should have picked it out for praise from a collection; let us add;  so replete with the highest qualities of art。

〃My wicked carcass; as John Knox calls it; holds together  wonderfully。  In addition to many other things; and a volume of  travel; I find I have written since December ninety Cornhill pp。 of  Magazine work … essays and stories … 40;000 words; and I am none  the worse … I am better。  I begin to hope I may; if not outlive  this wolverine upon my shoulders; at least carry him bravely like  Symonds or Alexander Pope。  I begin to take a pride in that hope。

〃I shall be much interested to see your criticisms:  you might  perhaps send them on to me。  I believe you know that I am not  dangerous … one folly I have not … I am not touchy under criticism。

〃Sam and my wife both beg to be remembered; and Sam also sends as a  present a work of his own。 … Yours very sincerely; ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON。〃


As indicating the estimate of many of the good Edinburgh people of  Stevenson and the Stevensons that still held sway up to so late a  date as 1893; I will here extract two characteristic passages from  the letters of the friend and correspondent of these days just  referred to; and to whom I had sent a copy of the ATALANTA  Magazine; with an article of mine on Stevenson。


〃If you can excuse the garrulity of age; I can tell you one or two  things about Louis Stevenson; his father and even his grandfather;  which you may work up some other day; as you have so deftly  embedded in the ATALANTA article that small remark on his acting。   Your paper is pleasant and modest:  most of R。 L。 Stevenson's  admirers are inclined to lay it on far too thick。  That he is a  genius we all admit; but his genius; if fine; is limited。  For  example; he cannot paint (or at least he never has painted) a  woman。  No more could Fettes Douglas; skilful artist though he was  in his own special line; and I shall tell you a remark of Russel's  thereon some day。 (4)  There are women in his books; but there is  none of the beauty and subtlety of womanhood in them。

〃R。 L。 Stevenson I knew well as a lad and often met him and talked  with him。  He acted in private theatricals got up by the late  Professor Fleeming Jenkin。  But he had then; as always; a pretty  guid conceit o' himsel' … which his clique have done nothing to  check。  His father and his grandfather (I have danced with his  mother before her marriage) I knew better; but 'the family  theologian;' as some of R。 L。 Stevenson's friends dabbed his  father; was a very touchy theologian; and denounced any one who in  the least differed from his extreme Calvinistic views。  I came  under his lash most unwittingly in this way myself。  But for this  twist; he was a good fellow … kind and hospitable … and a really  able man in his profession。  His father…in…law; R。 L。 Stevenson's  maternal grandfather; was the Rev。 Dr Balfour; minister of Colinton  … one of the finest…looking old men I ever saw … tall; upright; and  ruddy at eighty。  But he was marvellously feeble as a preacher; and  often said things that were deliciously; unconsciously;  unintentionally laughable; if not witty。  We were near Colinton for  some years; and Mr Russell (of the SCOTSMAN); who once attended the  Parish Church with us; was greatly tickled by Balfour discoursing  on the story of Joseph and Potiphar's wife; remarking that Mrs P…'s  conduct was 'highly improper'!〃

The estimate of R。 L。 Stevenson was not and could not be final in  this case; for WEIR OF HERMISTON and CATRIONA were yet unwritten;  not to speak of others; but the passages reflect a certain side of  Edinburgh opinion; illustrating the old Scripture doctrine that a  prophet has honour everywhere but in his own country。  And the  passages themselves bear evidence that I violate no confidence  then; for they were given to me to be worked into any after…effort  I might make on Stevenson。  My friend was a good and an acute  critic who had done some acceptable literary work in his day。



CHAPTER III … THE CHILD FATHER OF THE MAN



R。 L。 STEVENSON was born on 13th November 1850; the very year of  the death of his grandfather; Robert Stevenson; whom he has so  finely celebrated。  As a mere child he gave token of his character。   As soon as he could read; he was keen for books; and; before very  long; had read all the story…books he could lay hands on; and; when  the stock ran out; he would go and look in at all the shop windows  within reach; and try to piece out the stories from the bits  exposed in open pages and the woodcuts。

He had a nurse of very remarkable character … evidently a paragon …  who deeply influenced him and did much to form his young mind …  Alison Cunningham; who; in his juvenile lingo; became 〃Cumy;〃 and  who not only was never forgotten; but to the end was treated as his  〃second mother。〃  In his dedication of his CHILD'S GARDEN OF VERSES  to her; he says:


〃My second mother; my first wife; The angel of my infant life。〃


Her copy of KIDNAPPED was inscribed to her by the hand of  Stevenson; thus:


〃TO CUMY; FROM HER BOY; THE AUTHOR。 〃SKERRYVORE; 18TH JULY 1888。〃


Skerryvore was the name of Stevenson's Bournemouth home; so named  after one of the Stevenson lighthouses。  His first volume; AN  INLAND VOYAGE has this pretty dedication; inscribed in a neat;  small hand:


〃MY DEAR CUMY; … If you had not taken so much trouble with me all  the years of my childhood; this little book would never have been  written。  Many a long night you sat up with me when I was ill。  I  wish I could hope; by way of return; to amuse a single evening for  you with my little book。  But whatever you think of it; I know you  will think kindly of THE AUTHOR。〃


〃Cumy〃 was perhaps the most influential teacher Stevenson had。   What she and his mother taught took effect and abode with him;  which was hardly the case with any other of his teachers。


〃In contrast to Goethe;〃 says Mr Baildon; 〃Stevenson was but little  affected by his relations to women; and; when this point is fully  gone into; it will probably be found that his mother and nurse in  childhood; and his wife and step…daughter in later life; are about  the only women who seriously influenced either his character or his  art。〃 (p。 32)。


When Mr Kelman is celebrating Stevenson for the consistency and  continuity of his undogmatic religion; he is almost throughout  celebrating 〃Cumy〃 and her influence; though unconsciously。  Here;  again; we have an apt and yet more striking illustration; after  that of the good Lord Shaftesbury and many others; of the deep and  lasting effect a good and earnest woman; of whom the world may  never hear; may have had upon a youngster of whom all the world  shall hear。  When Mr Kelman says that 〃the religious element in  Stevenson was not a thing of late growth; but an integral part and  vital interest of his life;〃 he but points us back to the earlier  religious influences to which he had been effectually subject。   〃His faith was not for himself alone; and the phases of  Christianity which it has asserted are peculiarly suited to the  spiritual needs of many in the present time。〃

We should not lay so much weight as Mr Kelman does on the mere  number of times 〃the Divine name〃 is found in Stevenson's writings;  but there is something in such confessions as the following to his  father; when he was; amid hardship and illness; in Paris in 1878:


〃Still I believe in myself and my fellow…men and the God who made  us all。。。。 I am lonely and sick and out of heart。  Well; I still  hope; I still believe; I still see the good in the inch; and cling  to it。  It is not much; perhaps; but it is always something。〃


Yes; 〃Cumy〃 was a very effective teacher; whose influence and  teaching long remained。  His other teachers; however famous and  highly gifted; did not attain to such success with him。  And  because of this non…success they blamed him; as is usual。  He was  fond of playing truant … declared; indeed; that he was about as  methodic a truant as ever could have existed。  He much loved to go  on long wanderings by himself on the Pentland Hills and read about  the Covenanters; and while yet a youth of sixteen he wrote THE  PENTLAND RISING … a pamphlet in size and a piece of fine work …  which was duly published; is now scarce; and fetches a high price。   He had made himself thoroughly familiar with all the odd old  corners of Edinburgh … John Knox's haunts and so on; all which he  has turned to account in essays; descriptions and in stories …  especially in CATRIONA。  When a mere youth at school; as he tells  us himself; he had little or no desire to carry off prizes and do  just as othe

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