the diary of samuel pepys-第56章
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down with the generality of the commons of England； they have been so used to liberty and freedom； and they are so acquainted with the pride and debauchery of the present clergy。 He did give me many stories of the affronts which the clergy receive in all places of England from the gentry and ordinary persons of the parish。 He do tell me what the City thinks of General Monk； as of a most perfidious man that hath betrayed every body； and the King also； who； as he thinks； and his party； and so I have heard other good friends of the King say； it might have been better for the King to have had his hands a little bound for the present； than be forced to bring such a crew of poor people about him； and be liable to satisfy the demands of every one of them。 He told me that to his knowledge； （being present at every meeting at the Treaty at the Isle of Wight；） that the old King did confess himself over…ruled and convinced in his judgement against the Bishopps； and would have suffered and did agree to exclude the service out of the churches； nay his own chapell； and that he did always say； that this he did not by force； for that he would never abate one inch by any violence； but what he did was out of his reason and judgement。 He tells me that the King by name； with all his dignities； is prayed for by them that they call Fanatiques； as heartily and powerfully as in any of the other churches that are thought better： and that； let the King think what he will； it is them that must help him in the day of warr。 For so generally they are the most substantiall sort of people； and the soberest； and did desire me to observe it to my Lord Sandwich； among other things； that of all the old army now you cannot see a man begging about the streets； but what？ You shall have this captain turned a shoemaker； the lieutenant； a baker； this a brewer； that a haberdasher； this common soldier； a porter； and every man in his apron and frock； &c。； as if they had never done anything else： whereas the other go with their belts and swords； swearing and cursing； and stealing； running into people's houses； by force oftentimes； to carry away something； and this is the difference between the temper of one and the other； and concludes （and I think： with some reason；） that the spirits of the old parliament soldiers are so quiet and contented with God's providences； that the King is safer from any evil meant him by them one thousand times more than from his own discontented Cavalier。 And then to the publick management of business： it is done； as he observes； so loosely and so carelessly； that the kingdom can never be happy with it； every man looking after himself； and his own lust and luxury； and that half of what money the Parliament gives the King is not so much as gathered。 And to the purpose he told me how the Bellamys （who had some of the northern counties assigned them for their debt for the petty warrant victnalling） have often complained to him that they cannot get it collected； for that nobody minds； or if they do； they won't pay it in。 Whereas （which is a very remarkable thing；） he hath been told by some of the Treasurers at Warr here of late； to whom the most of the 120；000l。 monthly was paid； that for most months the payments were gathered so duly； that they seldom had so much or more than 40s。 or the like short in the whole collection； whereas now the very Commissioners for Assessments and other publick payments are such persons； and those that they choose in the country so like themselves； that from top to bottom there is not a man carefull of any thing； or if he be； is not solvent； that what between the beggar and the knave； the King is abused the best part of all his revenue。 We then talked of the Navy； and of Sir W。 Pen's rise to be a general。 We told me he was always a conceited man； and one that would put the best side outward； but that it was his pretence of sanctity that brought him into play。 Lawson； and Portman； and the fifth…monarchy men； among whom he was a great brother； importuned that he might be general； and it was pleasant to see how Blackburne himself did act it； how when the Commissioners of the Admiralty would enquire of the captains and admirals of such and such men； how they would with a sigh and casting up the eyes say； 〃such a man fears the Lord；〃 or； 〃I hope such a man hath the Spirit of God。〃 But he tells me that there was a cruel articling against Pen after one fight； for cowardice； in putting himself within a coyle of cables； of which he had much ado to acquit himself： and by great friends did it； not without remains of guilt； but that his brethren had a mind to pass it by； and Sir H。 Vane did advise him to search his heart； and see whether this fault or a greater sin was not the occasion of this so great tryall。 And he tells me； that what Pen gives out about Cromwell's sending and entreating him to go to Jamaica； is very false； he knows the contrary； besides； the Protector never was a man that needed to send for any man； specially such a one as he； twice。 He tells me that the business of Jamaica did miscarry absolutely by his pride； and that when he was in the Tower he would cry like a child。 And that just upon the turne； when Monk was come from the North to the City； and did begin to think of bringing in the King； Pen was then turned Quaker。 That Lawson was never counted any thing but only a seaman； and a stout man； but a false man； and that now he appears the greatest hypocrite in the world。 And Pen the same。 He tells me that it is much talked of； that the King intends to legitimate the Duke of Monmouth； and that neither he； nor his friends of his persuasion； have any hopes of getting their consciences at Liberty but by God Almighty's turning of the King's heart； which they expect； and are resolved to live and die in quiet hopes of it； but never to repine； or act any thing more than by prayers towards it。 And that not only himself but； all of them have； and are willing at any time to take the oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy。 Mr。 Blackburne observed further to me； some certain notice that he had of the present plot； so much talked of； that he was told by Mr。 Rushworth； ＇John Rushworth； Clerk assistant to the House of Commons； and author of the Historical Collections。 Ob。 1690。＇ how one Captain Oates； a great discoverer； did employ several to bring and seduce others into a plot； and that one of his agents met with one that would not listen to him； nor conceal what he had offered him； but so detected the trapan。 He also did much insist upon the cowardice and corruption of the King's guards and militia。
11th。 At noon to the Coffee…house； were with Dr。 Allen some good discourse about physick and chymistry。 And among other things； I telling him what Dribble the German Doctor do offer of an instrument to sink ships； he tells me that which is more strange； that something made of gold； which they call in chymistry AURUM FULMINANS； a grain； I think he said； of it put into a silver spoon and fired； will give a blow like a musquett； and strike a hole through the silver spoon downward； without the least force upward； and this he can make a cheaper experiment of； he says； with iron prepared。
15th。 This day being our Queene's birthday； the guns of the Tower went all off； and in the evening the Lord Mayor sent from church to church to order the constables to cause bonfires to be made in every street； which methinks is a poor thing to be forced to be commanded。
19th。 With Sir G。 Carteret to my Lord Treasurer； to discourse with him about Mr。 Gauden's having of money； and to offer to him whether it would not be necessary； Mr。 Gauden's credit being so low as it is； to take security of him if he demands any great sum； such as 20；000l。 which now ought to be paid him upon his next year's declaration。 Which is a sad thing； that being reduced to this by us； we should be the first to doubt his credit； but so it is。 However； it will be managed with great tenderness to him。 My Lord Treasurer we found in his bed… chamber； being laid up of the goute。 I find him a very ready man； and certainly a brave servant to the King： he spoke so quick and sensible of the King's charge。 Nothing displeased me in him but his long nails； which he lets grow upon a pretty thick white short hand； that it troubled me to see them。 In our way Sir G。 Carteret told me there is no such thing likely yet as a Dutch war； neither they nor we being in condition for it； though it will come certainly to that in some time； our interests lying the same way； that is to say； in trade。 But not yet。
20th。 A great talk there is to…day of a crush between some of the Fanatiques up in arms and the King's men in the North； but whether true I know not yet。
22nd。 At chapel I had room in the Privy Seale pew with other gentlemen； and there heard Dr。 Killigrew preach。 ＇Henry； youngest son of Sir Robert Killigrew； D。D。； Prebendary of Westminster； and Master of the Savoy； and author of some plays and sermons。 His daughter Anne was the celebrated poetess。＇ The anthem was good after sermon； being the fifty…first psalme； made for five voices by one of Captn。 Cooke's boys； a pretty boy。 And they say there are four or five of them that can do as much。 And here I first perceived that the King is a little musicall； and kept good time with his hand all along the anthem。
23rd。 With Alderman Backewell talking of the new money； which he says will never be counterfeited； he believes； but it is so deadly inconvenient for telling； it is so thick； and the edges are made to turn up。
26th。 The plague； it seems； grows more and more at Amsterdam； and we are going upon making of all ships coming from thence and Hambrough； or any other infected places； to perform their Quarantine （for thirty days as Sir Rd。 Browne expressed it in the order of the Council； contrary to the import of the word； though in the general acceptation it signifies now the thing； not the time spent in doing it） in Holehaven； a thing never done by us before。
28th。 To Paul's Church Yard； and there looked upon the second part of Hudibras； which I buy not； but borrow to read； to see if it be as good as the first； which the world cried so mightily up； though it hath not a good liking in me； though I had tried but twice or three times reading to bring myself to think it witty。 To…day for certain I am told how in Holland publickly they have pictured our King with reproach。 One way is with his pockets turned the wrong side outward； hanging out empty； another with two courtiers picking of his pockets； and a third； leading of two ladies； while other abuse him； which amounts to great contempt。
29th （Lord's day）。 This morning I put on my best black cloth suit； trimmed with scarlett ribbon； very neat； with my cloak lined with velvett； and a new beaver； which altogether is very noble； with my black silk knit canons I bought a month ago。
30th。 At White Hall Sir W。 Pen and I met the Duke in the matted Gallery； and there he discoursed with us； and by and by my Lord Sandwich come and stood by； and talked； but it being St。 Andrew's； and a collar…day； he went to the Chapel； and we parted。
DECEMBER 1； 1663。 After dinner I to Guild Hall to hear a trial at King's Bench； before Lord Chief Justice Hide； ＇Sir Robert H
