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the autobiography of ben franklin(云源声針爽徭勧)-及9嫗

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shall   repay   me   when   you   are  able�察  �I   am  resolv'd   to   have   a  good   printer 

here�察  �and   I   am   sure   you   must   succeed。;   This   was   spoken   with   such   an 

appearance of cordiality�察�that I had not the least doubt of his meaning what 

he said。 I had   hitherto kept the proposition of my setting up�察�a secret in 

Philadelphia�察�and I still kept it。 Had lt been known that I depended on the 

governor�察�probably some friend�察�that knew him better�察�would have advis'd 

me not to rely on him�察�as I afterwards heard it as his known character to be 

liberal of promises which he never meant to keep。 Yet�察�unsolicited as he 

was by me�察�how could I think his generous offers insincere�拭�I believ'd him 

one of the best men in the world。 

     I presented him an inventory of a little print'g´house�察�amounting by my 

computation to   about one  hundred pounds sterling。  He  lik'd it�察 �but   ask'd 

me   if   my  being   on   the   spot   in   England   to   chuse   the   types�察  �and   see   that 



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every   thing     was    good    of  the   kind�察  �might    not   be   of  some    advantage。 

;Then�察─�says he�察 �when there�察�you may make acquaintances�察�and establish 

correspondences in the bookselling and stationery way。; I agreed that this 

might   be   advantageous。   ;Then�察─  �says   he�察   �get   yourself   ready   to   go   with 

Annis�察─�which was the annual ship�察�and the only one at that time usually 

passing between London and Philadelphia。 But it would be some months 

before Annis sail'd�察�so I continu'd working with Keimer�察�fretting about the 

money Collins had got from me�察�and in daily apprehensions of being call'd 

upon by Vernon�察�which�察�however�察�did not happen for some years after。 

     I   believe   I   have   omitted   mentioning   that�察  �in   my   first   voyage   from 

Boston�察  �being   becalm'd   off   Block   Island�察  �our   people   set   about   catching 

cod�察�and hauled up a great many。 Hitherto I had stuck to my resolution of 

not eating animal food�察�and on this occasion consider'd�察�with my master 

Tryon�察�the taking every fish as a kind of unprovoked murder�察�since none of 

them had�察�or ever could do us any injury that might justify the slaughter。 

All this seemed very reasonable。 But I had formerly been a great lover of 

fish�察�and�察�when this came hot out of the frying´pan�察�it smelt admirably well。 

I  balanc'd some   time  between principle  and  inclination�察 �till   I   recollected 

that�察  �when   the   fish   were   opened�察  �I   saw   smaller   fish   taken   out   of   their 

stomachs�察  �then   thought   I�察   �If   you   eat   one   another�察  �I   don't   see   why   we 

mayn't eat you。; So   I din'd upon   cod very heartily�察 �and continued to   eat 

with other people�察�returning only now and then occasionally to a vegetable 

diet。 So convenient a thing it is to be a reasonable creature�察�since it enables 

one to find or make a reason for everything one has a mind to do。 

     Keimer      and    I  liv'd  on  a  pretty    good    familiar    footing�察  �and    agreed 

tolerably  well�察 �for   he   suspected   nothing of   my  setting up。  He   retained   a 

great   deal   of   his   old   enthusiasms   and   lov'd   argumentation。 We   therefore 

had many disputations。 I used to work him so with my Socratic method�察�

and   had   trepann'd   him   so   often   by   questions   apparently   so   distant   from 

any   point   we   had   in   hand�察  �and   yet   by   degrees   lead   to   the   point�察  �and 

brought      him   into   difficulties    and   contradictions�察     �that   at  last  he   grew 

ridiculously   cautious�察  �and   would   hardly   answer   me   the   most   common 

question�察  �without   asking   first�察   �What   do   you   intend   to   infer   from   that�拭─�

However�察�it gave him so high an opinion of my abilities in the confuting 



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way�察�that he seriously proposed my being his colleague in a project he had 

of   setting   up   a   new   sect。   He   was   to   preach   the   doctrines�察  �and   I   was   to 

confound   all   opponents。   When   he   came   to   explain   with   me   upon   the 

doctrines�察�I found several conundrums which I objected to�察�unless I might 

have my way a little too�察�and introduce some of mine。 

     Keimer      wore   his   beard   at  full  length�察   �because    somewhere       in  the 

Mosaic law it is said�察 �Thou shalt not mar the corners of thy beard。; He 

likewise     kept   the   Seventh     day�察  �Sabbath�察   �and    these   two   points    were 

essentials     with   him。   I  dislik'd   both�察  �but   agreed    to  admit    them   upon 

condition of his adopting the doctrine of using no animal food。 ;I doubt�察─�

said he�察 �my constitution will not bear that。; I assur'd him it would�察�and 

that he   would   be  the  better   for  it。  He   was   usually  a   great glutton�察 �and   I 

promised myself some diversion in half starving him。 He agreed to try the 

practice�察�if I would keep him company。 I did so�察�and we held it for three 

months。   We   had   our   victuals   dress'd�察  �and   brought   to   us   regularly   by   a 

woman in the neighborhood�察�who had from me a list of forty dishes to be 

prepar'd for us at different times�察�in all which there was neither fish�察�flesh�察�

nor    fowl�察  �and   the   whim     suited   me   the   better   at  this  time   from    the 

cheapness of it�察�not costing us above eighteenpence sterling each per week。 

I have since kept several Lents most strictly�察�leaving the common diet for 

that�察�and that for the common�察�abruptly�察�without the least inconvenience�察�

so that I think there is little in the advice of making those changes by easy 

gradations。   I   went   on   pleasantly�察  �but   poor   Keimer   suffered   grievously�察�

tired of the project�察�long'd for the flesh´pots of Egypt�察�and order'd a roast 

pig。 He invited me and two women friends to dine with him�察�but�察�it being 

brought too soon upon table�察�he could not resist the temptation�察�and ate the 

whole before we came。 

     I had made some courtship during this time to Miss Read。 I had a great 

respect and affection for her�察�and had some reason to believe she had the 

same for me�察�but�察�as I was about to take a long voyage�察�and we were both 

very young�察�only a little above eighteen�察�it was thought most prudent by 

her mother to prevent our going too far at present�察�as a marriage�察�if it was 

to take place�察�would be more convenient after my return�察�when I should be�察�

as   I  expected�察    �set  up  in   my   business。    Perhaps�察   �too�察  �she   thought    my 



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expectations not so well founded as I imagined them to be。 

     My   chief   acquaintances   at   this   time   were   Charles   Osborne�察  �Joseph 

Watson�察�and James Ralph�察�all lovers of reading。 The two first were clerks 

to an eminent scrivener or conveyancer in the town�察�Charles Brogden�察�the 

other was clerk to a merchant。 Watson was a pious�察�sensible young man�察�of 

great   integrity�察  �the   others   rather   more   lax   in   their   principles   of   religion�察�

particularly Ralph�察�who�察�as well as Collins�察�had been unsettled by me�察�for 

which   they   both   made   me   suffer。   Osborne   was   sensible�察  �candid�察  �frank�察�

sincere and affectionate to his friends�察�but�察�in literary matters�察�too fond of 

criticising。   Ralph   was   ingenious�察  �genteel   in   his   manners�察  �and   extremely 

eloquent�察     �I  think  I  never    knew    a  prettier   talker。   Both   of   them    great 

admirers   of   poetry�察  �and   began   to   try   their   hands   in   little   pieces。   Many 

pleasant   walks   we   four   had   together   on   Sundays   into   the   woods�察  �near 

Schuylkill�察�where we read to one another�察�and conferr'd on what we read。 

     Ralph was inclin'd to pursue the study of poetry�察�not doubting but he 

might become eminent in it�察�and make his fortune by it�察�alleging that the 

best poets must�察�when they first began to write�察�make as many faults as he 

did。 Osborne dissuaded him�察�assur'd him he had no genius for poetry�察�and 

advis'd him to think of nothing beyond the business he was bred to�察�that�察�in 

the mercantile way�察�tho' he had no stock�察�he might�察�by his diligence and 

punctuality�察  �recommend   himself   to   employment   as   a   factor�察  �and   in   time 

acquire   wherewith   to   trade   on   his   own   account。   I   approv'd   the   amusing 

one's self with poetry now and then�察�so far as to improve one's language�察�

but no farther。 

     On this it was propos'd that we should each of us�察�at our next meeting�察�

produce a piece of our own composing�察�in order to improve by our mutual 

observations�察�criticisms�察�and corrections。 As language and expression were 

what   we   had   in   view�察  �we   excluded   all   considerations   of   invention   by 

agreeing that the task should be a version of the eighteenth Psalm�察�which 

describes the descent of a Deity。 When the time of our meeting drew nigh�察�

Ralph called on me first�察�and let me know his piece was ready。 I told him I 

had   been   busy�察 �and�察  �having   little inclination�察 �had   done nothing。   He   then 

show'd me his piece for my opinion�察�and I much approv'd it�察�as it appear'd 

to me to have great merit。 ;Now�察─�says he�察 �Osborne never will allow the 



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                     THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN 



least merit   in any  thing of   mine�察�but   makes 1000   criticisms out of   mere 

envy。 He is not so jealous of you�察�I wish�察�therefore�察�you would take this 

piece�察�and produce it as yours�察�I will pretend not to have had time�察�and so 

produce nothing。 We shall then see what he will say to it。; It was agreed�察�

and I immediately transcrib'd it�察�that it might appear in my own hand。 

     We met�察�Watson's performance was read�察�there were some beauties in 

it�察�but many defects。 Osborne's was read�察�it was much better�察�Ralph did it 

justice�察�remarked some faults�察�but applauded the beauties。 He himself had 

nothing to   produce。 I   was   backward�察�seemed   desirous of being   excused�察�

had     not  had    sufficient    time   to  correct�察   �etc。�察 �but   no   excuse    could    be 

admitted�察�produce I must。 It was read and repeated�察�Watson and Osborne 

gave   up   the   contest�察  �and   join'd   in   applauding   it。   Ralph   only   made   some 

criticisms�察    �and    propos'd     some    amendments�察       �but   I  defended     my    text。 

Osborne  was   against   Ralph�察  �and   told   him  he   was   no   better   a   critic   than 

poet�察�so he dropt the argument。 As they tw

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