list4-第15章

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in　North　America　as　happened　to　the　Huguenots　in　Germany　and　the



French　in　Louisiana。　They　naturally　must　and　will　be　amalgamated



with　the　predominant　population：　some　a　little　sooner；　others　a



little　later；　according　as　they　dwell　more　or　less　together　with



fellow…countrymen。



　　　　Still　less　dependence　can　be　placed　on　an　active　intercourse



between　Germany　and　the　German　emigrants　to　the　west　of　North



America。　The　first　settler　is　always　compelled　by　necessity　to　make



for　himself　the　greater　part　of　his　articles　of　clothing　and



utensils；　and　these　customs；　which　originated　from　mere　necessity；



continue　for　the　most　part　to　the　second　and　third　generation。



Hence　it　is　that　North　America　itself　is　a　country　which　makes



powerful　efforts　in　manufacturing　industry；　and　will　continually



strive　more　and　more　to　gain　possession　of　her　home　market　for



manufactured　goods；　for　her　own　industry。



　　　　On　the　other　hand；　we　would　on　that　account　by　no　means



maintain　that　the　American　market　for　manufactured　goods　is　not　a



very　important　one；　and　well　worthy　of　regard；　especially　for



Germany　On　the　contrary；　we　are　of　opinion　that　for　many　articles



of　luxury　and　for　manufactured　articles　which　are　easy　of



transport；　and　in　which　the　wages　of　labour　constitute　a　chief



element　of　the　price；　that　market　is　one　of　the　most　important；　and



must　from　year　to　year；　as　respects　the　articles　above　named；



become　more　important　for　Germany。　What　we　contend　is　only　this；



that　those　Germans　who　emigrate　to　the　west　of　North　America　give



no　important　assistance　in　increasing　the　demand　for　German



manufactured　goods；　and　that　in　reference　to　that　object　emigration



to　Central　and　South　America　requires　and　deserves　very　much　more



direct　encouragement。



　　　　The　above…mentioned　countries；　including　Texas；　are　for　the



most　part　adapted　for　raising　colonial　produce。　They　can　and　will



never　make　great　progress　in　manufacturing　industry。　Here　there　is



an　entirely　new　and　rich　market　for　manufactured　goods　to　acquire；



whoever　has　here　established　firm　commercial　relations；　may　remain



in　possession　of　them　for　all　future　time。　These　countries；　without



sufficient　moral　power　of　their　own　to　raise　themselves　to　a　higher



grade　of　civilisation；　to　introduce　well…ordered　systems　of



government；　and　to　endue　them　with　stability；　will　more　and　more



come　to　the　conviction　that　they　must　be　aided　from　outside；



namely；　by　immigration。　In　these　quarters　the　English　and　French



are　hated　on　account　of　their　arrogance；　and　owing　to　jealousy　for



national　independence　　the　Germans　for　the　opposite　reasons　are



liked。　Hence　the　states　of　the　Zollverein　ought　to　devote　the



closest　attention　to　these　countries。



　　　　A　vigorous　German　consular　and　diplomatic　system　ought　to　be



established　in　these　quarters；　the　branches　of　which　should　enter



into　correspondence　with　one　another。　Young　explorers　should　be



encouraged　to　travel　through　these　countries　and　make　impartial



reports　upon　them。　Young　merchants　should　be　encouraged　to　inspect



them　　young　medical　men　to　go　and　practise　there。　Companies



should　be　founded　and　supported　by　actual　share　subscription；　and



taken　under　special　protection；　which　companies　should　be　formed　in



the　German　seaports　in　order　to　buy　large　tracts　of　land　in　those



countries　and　to　settle　them　with　German　colonists　　companies　for



commerce　and　navigation；　whose　object　should　be　to　open　new　markets



in　those　countries　for　German　manufactures　and　to　establish　lines



of　steamships　　mining　companies；　whose　object　should　be　to　devote



German　knowledge　and　industry　to　winning　the　great　mineral　wealth



of　those　countries。　In　every　possible　way　the　Zollverein　ought　to



endeavour　to　gain　the　good…will　of　the　population　and　also　of　the



governments　of　those　countries；　and　especially　to　promote　by　that



means　public　security　means　of　communication；　and　public　order；



indeed；　one　ought　not　to　hesitate；　in　case　one　could　by　that　means



put　the　governments　of　those　countries　under　obligation　to　us；　also



to　assist　them　by　sending　an　important　auxiliary　corps。



　　　　A　similar　policy　ought　to　be　followed　in　reference　to　the　East



　to　European　Turkey　and　the　Lower　Danubian　territories。　Germany



has　an　immeasurable　interest　that　security　and　order　should　be



firmly　established　in　those　countries；　and　in　no　direction　so　much



as　in　this　is　the　emigration　of　Germans　so　easy　for　individuals　to



accomplish；　or　so　advantageous　for　the　nation。　A　man　dwelling　by



the　Upper　Danube　could　transport　himself　to　Moldavia　and　Wallachia；



to　Servia；　or　also　to　the　south…western　shores　of　the　Black　Sea；



for　one…fifth　part　of　the　expenditure　of　money　and　time　which　are



requisite　for　his　emigration　to　the　shores　of　Lake　Erie。　What



attracts　him　to　the　latter　more　than　to　the　former　is；　the　greater



degree　of　liberty；　security；　and　order　which　prevails　in　the



latter。　But　under　the　existing　circumstances　of　Turkey　it　ought　not



to　be　impossible　to　the　German　states；　in　alliance　with　Austria；　to



exercise　such　an　influence　on　the　improvement　of　the　public



condition　of　those　countries；　that　the　German　colonist　should　no



longer　feel　himself　repelled　from　them；　especially　if　the



governments　themselves　would　found　companies　for　colonisation；　take



part　in　them　themselves；　and　grant　them　continually　their　special



protection。



　　　　In　the　meantime　it　is　clear　that　settlements　of　this　kind　could



only　have　a　specially　beneficial　effect　on　the　industry　of　the



states　of　the　Zollverein；　if　no　obstacles　were　placed　in　the　way　of



the　exchange　of　German　manufactured　goods　for　the　agricultural



produce　of　the　colonists；　and　if　that　exchange　was　promoted　by



cheap　and　rapid　means　of　communication。　Hence　it　is　to　the　interest



of　the　states　of　the　Zollverein；　that　Austria　should　facilitate　as



much　as　possible　the　through　traffic　on　the　Danube；　and　that　steam



navigation　on　the　Danube　should　be　roused　to　vigorous　activity　



consequently　that　it　should　at　the　outset　be　actually　subsidised　by



the　Governments。



　　　　Especially；　nothing　is　so　desirable　as　that　the　Zollverein　and



Austria　at　a　later　period；　after　the　industry　of　the　Zollverein



states　has　been　better　developed　and　has　been　placed　in　a　position



of　greater　equality　to　that　of　Austria；　should　make；　by　means　of　a



treaty；　reciprocal　concessions　in　respect　to　their　manufactured



products。



　　　　After　the　conclusion　of　such　a　treaty；　Austria　would　have　an



equal　interest　with　the　states　of　the　Zollverein　in　making　the



Turkish　provinces　available　for　the　benefit　of　their　manufacturing



industry　and　of　their　foreign　commerce。



　　　　In　anticipation　of　the　inclusion　in　the　Zollverein　of　the



German　seaports　and　Holland；　it　would　be　desirable　that　Prussia



should　now　make　a　commencement　by　the　adoption　of　a　German



commercial　flag；　and　by　laying　the　foundation　for　a　future　German



fleet；　and　that　she　should　try　whether　and　how　German　colonies　can



be　founded　in　Australia；　New　Zealand；　or　in　or　on　other　islands　of



Australasia。



　　　　The　means　for　such　attempts　and　commencements；　and　for　the



undertakings　and　subventions　which　we　have　previously　recommended



as　desirable；　must　be　acquired　in　the　same　way　in　which　England　and



France　have　acquired　the　means　of　supporting　their　foreign　commerce



and　their　colonisation　and　of　maintaining　their　powerful　fleets；



namely；　by　imposing　duties　on　the　imports　of　colonial　produce。



United　action；　order；　and　energy　could　be　infused　into　these



measures　of　the　Zollverein；　if　the　Zollverein　states　would　assign



the　direction　of　them　in　respect　to　the　North　and　transmarine



affairs　to　Prussia；　and　in　respect　to　the　Danube　and　Oriental



affairs　to　Bavaria。　An　addition　of　ten　per　cent　to　the　present



import　duties　on　manufactures　and　colonial　produce　would　at　present



place　one　million　and　a　half　per　annum　at　the　disposal　of　the



Zollverein。　And　as　it　may　be　expected　with　certainty；　as　a　result



of　the　continual　increase　in　the　export　of　manufactured　goods；　that



in　the　course　of　time　consumption　of　colonial　produce　in　the　states



of　the　Zollverein　will　increase　to　double　and　treble　its　present



amount；　and　consequently　their　customs　revenue　will　increase　in



like　proportion；　sufficient　provision　will　be　made　for　satisfying



the　requirements　above　mentioned；　if　the　states　of　the　Zollverein



establish　the　principle　that　over　and　above　the　addition　of　ten　per



cent　a　part　also　of　all　future　increase　in　import　duties　should　be



placed　at　the　disposal　of　the　Prussian　Government　to　be　expended



for　these　objects。



　　　　As　regards　the　establishment　of　a　German　transport　system；　and



especially　of　a　German　system　of　railways；　we　beg　to　refer　to　a



work　of　our　own　which　specially　treats　of　that　subject。　This　great



enterprise　will　pay　for　itself；　and　all　that　is　required　of　the



Governments　can　be　expressed　in　one　word；　and　that　is　　ENERGY。









End