glaucus-or the wonders of the shore(鯉斥互帽)-及7嫗
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Glaucus/or The Wonders of the Shore
the practical use of some stray talisman which the poor student has
invented in his laboratory�察 � this is the spirit which is abroad among our
scientific men�察�to a greater degree than it ever has been among any body
of men for many a century past�察�and might well be copied by those who
profess deeper purposes and a more exalted calling�察�than the discovery
of a new zoophyte�察�or the classification of a moorland crag。
And it is these qualities�察 �however imperfectly they may be realized
in any individual instance�察�which make our scientific men�察�as a class�察�the
wholesomest and pleasantest of companions abroad�察 �and at home the
most blameless�察�simple�察�and cheerful�察�in all domestic relations�察�men for
the most part of manful heads�察 �and yet of childlike hearts�察 �who have
turned to quiet study�察�in these late piping times of peace�察�an intellectual
health and courage which might have made them�察 �in more fierce and
troublous times�察 �capable of doing good service with very different
instruments than the scalpel and the microscope。
I have been sketching an ideal�此 �but one which I seriously
recommend to the consideration of all parents�察 �for�察 �though it be
impossible and absurd to wish that every young man should grow up a
naturalist by profession�察�yet this age offers no more wholesome training�察�
both moral and intellectual�察�than that which is given by instilling into the
young an early taste for outdoor physical science。 The education of our
children is now more than ever a puzzling problem�察�if by education we
mean the development of the whole humanity�察 �not merely of some
arbitrarily chosen part of it。 How to feed the imagination with
wholesome food�察�and teach it to despise French novels�察�and that sugared
slough of sentimental poetry�察 �in comparison with which the old fairy´
tales and ballads were manful and rational�察 �how to counteract the
tendency to shallowed and conceited sciolism�察 �engendered by hearing
popular lectures on all manner of subjects�察 �which can only be really
learnt by stern methodic study�察 �how to give habits of enterprise�察�
patience�察�accurate observation�察�which the counting´house or the library
will never bestow�察 �above all�察 �how to develop the physical powers�察�
without engendering brutality and coarseness ´ are questions becoming
daily more and more puzzling�察�while they need daily more and more to
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be solved�察�in an age of enterprise�察�travel�察 �and emigration�察�like the present。
For the truth must be told�察�that the great majority of men who are now
distinguished by commercial success�察 �have had a training the directly
opposite to that which they are giving to their sons。 They are for the
most part men who have migrated from the country to the town�察�and had
in their youth all the advantages of a sturdy and manful hill´side or sea´
side training�察�men whose bodies were developed�察�and their lungs fed on
pure breezes�察�long before they brought to work in the city the bodily and
mental strength which they had gained by loch and moor。 But it is not
so with their sons。 Their business habits are learnt in the counting´
house�察�a good school�察�doubtless�察�as far as it goes�此 �but one which will
expand none but the lowest intellectual faculties�察�which will make them
accurate accountants�察�shrewd computers and competitors�察�but never the
originators of daring schemes�察 �men able and willing to go forth to
replenish the earth and subdue it。 And in the hours of relaxation�察�how
much of their time is thrown away�察 �for want of anything better�察 �on
frivolity�察 �not to say on secret profligacy�察 �parents know too well�察 �and
often shut their eyes in very despair to evils which they know not how to
cure。 A frightful majority of our middle´class young men are growing
up effeminate�察 �empty of all knowledge but what tends directly to the
making of a fortune�察�or rather�察�to speak correctly�察 �to the keeping up the
fortunes which their fathers have made for them�察�while of the minority�察�
who are indeed thinkers and readers�察 �how many women as well as men
have we seen wearying their souls with study undirected�察 �often
misdirected�察 �craving to learn�察 �yet not knowing how or what to learn�察�
cultivating�察 �with unwholesome energy�察 �the head at the expense of the
body and the heart�察 �catching up with the most capricious self´will one
mania after another�察�and tossing it away again for some new phantom�察�
gorging the memory with facts which no one has taught them to arrange�察�
and the reason with problems which they have no method for solving�察�
till they fret themselves in a chronic fever of the brain�察�which too often
urge them on to plunge�察 �as it were�察 �to cool the inward fire�察 �into the
ever´restless seas of doubt or of superstition。 It is a sad picture。 There
are many who may read these pages whose hearts will tell them that it is
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a true one。 What is wanted in these cases is a methodic and scientific
habit of mind�察 �and a class of objects on which to exercise that habit�察�
which will fever neither the speculative intellect nor the moral sense�察�
and those physical science will give�察�as nothing else can give it。
Moreover�察�to revert to another point which we touched just now�察�man
has a body as well as a mind�察�and with the vast majority there will be no
MENS SANA unless there be a CORPUS SANUM for it to inhabit。
And what outdoor training to give our youths is�察�as we have already said�察�
more than ever puzzling。 This difficulty is felt�察 �perhaps�察 �less in
Scotland than in England。 The Scotch climate compels hardiness�察�the
Scotch bodily strength makes it easy�察�and Scotland�察 �with her mountain´
tours in summer�察 �and her frozen lochs in winter�察 �her labyrinth of sea´
shore�察 �and�察 �above all�察 �that priceless boon which Providence has
bestowed on her�察 �in the contiguity of her great cities to the loveliest
scenery�察�and the hills where every breeze is health�察�affords facilities for
healthy physical life unknown to the Englishman�察 �who has no Arthur's
Seat towering above his London�察�no Western Islands sporting the ocean
firths beside his Manchester。 Field sports�察�with the invaluable training
which they give�察�if not
;The reason firm�察─�
yet still
;The temperate will�察�Endurance�察�foresight�察�strength�察�and skill�察─�
have become impossible for the greater number�此 �and athletic
exercises are now�察 �in England at least�察 �becoming more and more
artificialized and expensive�察�and are confined more and more ´ with the
honourable exception of the football games in Battersea Park ´ to our
Public Schools and the two elder Universities。 All honour�察 �meanwhile�察�
to the Volunteer movement�察�and its moral as well as its physical effects。
But it is only a comparatively few of the very sturdiest who are likely to
become effective Volunteers�察�and so really gain the benefits of learning
to be soldiers。 And yet the young man who has had no substitute for
such occupations will cut but a sorry figure in Australia�察 �Canada�察 �or
India�察�and if he stays at home�察�will spend many a pound in doctors' bills�察�
which could have been better employed elsewhere。 ;Taking a walk; ´
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as one would take a pill or a draught ´ seems likely soon to become the
only form of outdoor existence possible for too many inhabitants of the
British Isles。 But a walk without an object�察 �unless in the most lovely
and novel of scenery�察�is a poor exercise�察�and as a recreation�察�utterly nil。
I never knew two young lads go out for a ;constitutional�察─�who did not�察�
if they were commonplace youths�察 �gossip the whole way about things
better left unspoken�察 �or�察 �if they were clever ones�察 �fall on arguing and
brainsbeating on politics or metaphysics from the moment they left the
door�察 �and return with their wits even more heated and tired than they
were when they set out。 I cannot help fancying that Milton made a
mistake in a certain celebrated passage�察�and that it was not ;sitting on a
hill apart�察─ �but tramping four miles out and four miles in along a
turnpike´road�察�that his hapless spirits discoursed
;Of fate�察 �free´will�察 �foreknowledge absolute�察 �And found no end�察 �in
wandering mazes lost。;
Seriously�察 �if we wish rural walks to do our children any good�察 �we
must give them a love for rural sights�察�an object in every walk�察�we must
teach them ´ an