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frightful�察�and great numbers of my men are laid down with fever�察�thus my
force is physically diminished daily�察�while morally the men are
heart´broken。 Another soldier died�察�but there is no dry spot to bury
him。 We live in a world of swamp and slush。 Lieutenant Baker shot a
Baleniceps Rex。 This day we opened about 600 yards。
;March 23。We have been throughout the day employed in tugging the
vessels through the channel。 The Egyptians have quite lost heart。 The
Soudanis are far more valuable as soldiers�察�none of them are ill�察�and
they work with a good will。 I serve them out a glass of grog in the
evening。 The fanatical fellahs will not touch spirits�察�thus they succumb
to fever and nervousness when exhausted by the chill occasioned by
working throughout the day in mud and water。
;March 24。Wind fresh from the S。W。 All the vessels assembled last
evening in a small lake。 Before us there is as usual simply a narrow
stream closed in by vegetation。 I observed marks of the traders' parties
having broken through a few months ago。 These people travel without
merchandise�察�but with a large force of men�此�thus their vessels are of
light draught of water。 My steamers and many of the boats require four
feet six inches。 Every vessel is heavily laden�察�thus they are difficult
to manage unless in open and deep water。
;There is to´day a forest on the east�察�about two miles distant�察�beyond
the swamp。 After a hard day's work we made about 1��400 yards。
;March 25。Wind fair and fresh from the N。E。 This helped us to make
about a mile through the narrow channel�察�hemmed in by thick and high
grass。 Another soldier died。 As usual�察�this poor fellow was an
artilleryman。 These men came direct from Cairo with their guns�察�and not
being acclimatized�察�they cannot resist the fever。 The Egyptian troops
give in and lose all heart�察�but there is much allowance to be made for
them�察�as it is a fearful country�察�and far beyond my worst experience。
There is no apparent break to the boundless marsh before and behind us��
this is about fifteen miles wide�察�as forest trees and the tall dolape
palms can sometimes be distinguished upon the horizon。
;What the unfortunate Higginbotham will do I cannot conceive�察�as there
is no possibility of communicating with him�察�and he will get into the
rainy season。
;Another soldier died this evening�察�he was an excellent man�察�who had
been employed at the arsenal at Cairo。 His friend and bosom companion
was a fellow workman�察�and he was so grieved at the loss that he declared
he should not live beyond a few days。 There was no dry ground in which
to dig a grave�察�it was therefore necessary to cut a hole in the base of
a white ant´hill�察�as these Babel´like towers were the only dry spots
that rose above the flood。
;This death is the sixth within the last few days�察�exclusive of one boy。
I think our black doctor assists them in departing from this life�察�as
they die very suddenly when he attends them。 Like Dr。 Sangrado�察�he is
very fond of the lancet�察�which is usually fatal in this climate。 We made
about half a mile today。
;March 26。Wind fresh from the S。E。 The ditch is completely blocked up
with vegetation�此�thus we made only 250 yards。 Before us�察�as usual�察�is
the hopeless sea of high grass�察�along which is a dark streak which marks
the course of the ditch through which we slowly clear a passage。 How
many days or months we may require to reach the White Nile is a problem。
One hundred and fifty men are on the sick list�察�nearly all of them are
fellahs。 Upon my own diahbeeah six soldiers out of ten are down with
fever�察�in addition to two of the sailors。 I gave them all a shock with
the magnetic battery�察�which appeared to have a wonderful effect�察�one
fellow�察�who had been groaning with severe pains in his back and limbs��
declared that he was instantly relieved。 I made a good shot with the
Dutchman at a Baleniceps Rex�察�at a distance of upwards of 200 yards。
;There is no rest by night or day for our people�察�who are preyed upon by
clouds of mosquitoes�察�which attack like bulldogs。
;March 27。All hands hard at work clearing the ditch。 Wind S。E。fresh。
The diahbeeah�察�as usual�察�leads the way�察�followed by No。 10 steamer�察�and
the whole fleet in close line。 Most of the men suffer from headache��
this is owing to the absurd covering�察�the fez�察�or tarboosh�察�which is no
protection against the sun。
;In the evening I took a small boat�察�and in forty´one minutes' poling
and tugging through the narrow channel�察�I succeeded in reaching a long
narrow lake resembling a river�察�about 110 yards wide。 The mouth of our
effluent was�察�for a wonder�察�clear from obstruction�察�I returned with the
joyful news to the fleet after sunset。
;March 28。At 7。30 a。m。 all hands turned out to clear the channel to
the lake�察�this was about 500 yards long�察�and the diahbeeah�察�leading the
way�察�entered the lake at 11。30 a。m。 Unfortunately a shallow channel near
the entrance prevented the steamers from entering�察�thus a passage had to
be dug in the tough clay beneath them。 The wind strong from the south。 I
am afraid the north wind has deserted us for the season。
;Having entered the lake�察�I went about a mile and a half ahead in my
diahbeeah�察�and anchored for the night in a broad and shallow portion of
the water�察�a forest being about a mile distant on the east bank�此�this
was a good sign of terra firma�察�but there was no dry spot upon which we
could land。
;The river winds to the S。E。�察�and apparently then turns to the west。 The
effluent through which we joined this lake or river meets it at right
angles�察�and the river continues its course to the N。N。W。�察�as though it
were the main channel of a far more important stream than the horrible
ditch by which we arrived。 The guide�察�however�察�assures me that it is
blocked up�察�and loses itself in boundless grass and reeds。
;In the evening I spied a hippopotamus which had just come out of the
high grass into the open river。 It snorted loudly at the strange sight
of the handsomely´painted diahbeeah。 I took the boat�察�and upon my near
approach it was foolish enough to swim towards us angrily。 A shot from
the Reilly No。 8�察�with one of my explosive shells�察�created a lively
dance�察�as the hippopotamus received the message under the eye。 Rolling
over and over�察�with the legs frequently in the air�察�it raised waves that
rocked my little boat and made shooting difficult�察�but upon a close
approach�察�taking good care to keep out of the reach of its struggles�察�I
gave it a quietus with a hardened spherical ball from the same rifle��
which passed right through the head。 By sounding with the long
boat´hook�察�I found the body at the bottom in about ten feet of water。 My
excellent captain of the diahbeeah�察�Faddul´Moolah�察�dived to the bottom��
and secured the leg of the hippopotamus by a rope。 We towed it to the
diahbeeah�察�from the deck of which my wife had had a capital view of the
sport。 This is a fine feast for the people。 My explosive shell is
frightful in its effects。
;March 29。Wind strong from the south�察�the steamer is not yet out of
difficulty。 My men are busy cutting up the hippopotamus。 I sent off the
iron boat with three quarters of the animal to the troops astern。 During
the night a crocodile took away all the offal from the stern of the
diahbeeah。 The weather is much cooler�察�owing to the south wind and the
clear space in which we are now anchored。
;March 30。´The river is now clear and unmistakable。 We travelled about
ten miles by poling�察�this is the best day's work that we have made since
we entered this chaotic region。 Lieutenant Baker came on board my
diahbeeah�察�having brought up the steamers。
;The country began to look more hopeful。 A forest at a few miles'
distance on both the right and left bank of the river betokened dry
land。 The river flowed between actual honest banks�察�which although only
a few inches above the water were positive boundaries。 The flat plain
was covered with large white ant´hills�察�and the ground was evidently
firm in the distance�察�as we could distinguish a herd of antelopes。
;As we were quietly poling the diahbeeah against the sluggish stream�察�we
observed wild buffaloes that�察�at a distance of about 400 yards�察�appeared
to be close to the bank of the river。 I accordingly stopped the
diahbeeah�察�and�察�accompanied by Lieutenant Baker�察�I approached them in
the small boat�察�rowed by two men。 A fortunate bend of the river�察�and
several clumps of high rushes�察�concealed the boat until by a sudden turn
we came within sixty yards of two bull buffaloes。 Having told Mr。 Baker
to take the first shot�察�he sent a spherical No。 8 through the shoulder
of the nearest bull�察�which�察�after a few plunges�察�fell dead。 The other��
startled at the shot�察�dashed off�察�at the same time he received a shell
from my rifle in the flank�察�and a shot from the left´hand barrel in the
rear。 With these shots he went off about three hundred paces�察�and lay
down�察�as we thought�察�to die。 I intended to stalk him from behind the
white ant´hills�察�but my sailors�察�in intense excitement�察�rushed forward��
supposing that his beef was their own�察�and although badly hit�察�he again
rose and cantered off till lost in high rushes。
;March 31。´As we proceeded�察�the banks became drier。 The two steamers had
arrived during the night�察�and the whole fleet is coming up astern。 The
river is now about fifty yards wide�察�but I am getting nervous about the
depth�察�the water is very shallow in some of the bends�察�and I fear there
will be great difficulty in getting through with the steamers and heavy
vessels。 My diahbeeah�察�which is of iron�察�although roomy�察�is exceedingly
light�察�and only requires two feet three inches of water。 We have been
fifty´one days from Khartoum。 Never have I known so miserable a voyage。
Wind fresh from the south。;
CHAPTER III
THE RETREAT
;April 1。All the vessels are stuck fast for want of water� �This is
terrible。 I went on in advance with my diahbeeah�察�accompanied by Mr。
Baker�察�for about three miles to explore。 Throughout this distance the
greatest depth was about four feet�察�and the average was under three
feet。 At length the diahbeeah�察�which drew only two feet three inches��
was fast aground� �This was at a point where two raised mounds�察�or
dubbas�察�were on opposite sides of the river。 I left the vessel�察�and with
Mr。 Baker�察�I explored in the rowing boat for about two miles in advance。
After the first mile�察�the boat grounded in about six inches of water
upon firm sand。 The river�察�after having deepened for a short space�察�was
suddenly divided into three separate channels�察�all of which were too
shallow for the passage of the diahbeeah�察�and two were even too shallow
to admit the small boat。 The boatmen jumped out�察�and we hauled her up
the shallows until we reached the main stream�察�above the three channels��
which ran from the S。S。E。�察�but having no greater mean depth than about
two feet six inches。
;We continued for some distance up the stream with the same unfortunate
results。 The banks�察�although flooded during the wet season�察�were now
dry�察�and a forest was about a mile distant。 Having left the boat and
ascended a white ant´hill�察�about eight feet high�察�in order to take a
view of the country�察�I observed a herd of very beautiful antelopes�察�of a
kind tha