camillus-第7章

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different　accounts　are　given；　I　shall　begin　with　the　more　fabulous。
They　say　that　the　Latins　（whether　out　of　pretence；　or　real　design　to
revive　the　ancient　relationship　of　the　two　nations）　sent　to　desire
of　the　Romans　some　free…born　maidens　in　marriage；　that　when　the　Romans
were　at　a　loss　how　to　determine　（for　on　one　hand　they　dreaded　a　war；
having　scarcely　yet　settled　and　recovered　themselves；　and　on　the　other
side　suspected　that　this　asking　of　wives　was；　in　plain　terms；
nothing　else　but　a　demand　for　hostages；　though　covered　over　with　the
specious　name　of　intermarriage　and　alliance）；　a　certain　handmaid；　by
name　Tutula；　or；　as　some　call　her；　Philotis；　persuaded　the　magistrates
to　send　with　her　some　of　the　most　youthful　and　best…looking
maid…servants；　in　the　bridal　dress　of　noble　virgins；　and　leave　the
rest　to　her　care　and　management；　that　the　magistrates；　consenting；
chose　out　as　many　as　she　thought　necessary　for　her　purpose；　and
adorning　them　with　gold　and　rich　clothes；　delivered　them　to　the
Latins；　who　were　encamped　not　far　from　the　city；　that　at　night　the
rest　stole　away　the　enemy's　swords；　but　Tutula　or　Philotis；　getting　to
the　top　of　a　wild　fig…tree；　and　spreading　out　a　thick　woollen　cloth
behind　her；　held　out　a　torch　towards　Rome；　which　was　the　signal
concerted　between　her　and　the　commanders；　without　the　knowledge；
however；　of　any　other　of　the　citizens；　which　was　the　reason　that　their
issuing　out　from　the　city　was　tumultuous；　the　officers　pushing　their
men　on；　and　they　calling　upon　one　another's　names；　and　scarce　able
to　bring　themselves　into　order；　that　setting　upon　the　enemy's　works；
who　either　were　asleep　or　expected　no　such　matter；　they　took　the
camp　and　destroyed　most　of　them；　and　that　this　was　done　on　the　Nones
of　July；　which　was　then　called　Quintilis；　and　that　the　feast　that　is
observed　on　that　day　is　a　commemoration　of　what　was　then　done。　For
in　it；　first；　they　run　out　of　the　city　in　great　crowds；　and　call　out
aloud　several　familiar　and　common　names；　Caius；　Marcus；　Lucius；　and
the　like　in　representation　of　the　way　in　which　they　called　to　one
another　when　they　went　out　in　such　haste。　In　the　next　place；　the
maid…servants；　gaily　dressed；　run　about；　playing　and　jesting　upon
all　they　meet；　and　amongst　themselves；　also；　use　a　kind　of
skirmishing；　to　show　they　helped　in　the　conflict　against　the　Latins；
and　while　eating　and　drinking；　they　sit　shaded　over　with　boughs　of
wild　fig…tree；　and　the　day　they　call　Nonae　Caprotinae；　as　some　think
from　that　wild　fig…tree　on　which　the　maid…servant　held　up　her　torch；
the　Roman　name　for　a　wild　fig…tree　being　caprificus。　Others　refer　most
of　what　is　said　or　done　at　this　feast　to　the　fate　of　Romulus；　for；
on　this　day；　he　vanished　outside　the　gates　in　a　sudden　darkness　and
storm　（some　think　it　an　eclipse　of　the　sun）；　and　from　this　the　day　was
called　Nonae　Caprotinae；　the　Latin　for　a　goat　being　capra；　and　the
place　where　he　disappeared　having　the　name　of　Goat's　Marsh；　as　is
stated　in　his　life。
　　But　the　general　stream　of　writers　prefer　the　other　account　of　this
war；　which　they　thus　relate。　Camillus；　being　the　third　time　chosen
dictator；　and　learning　that　the　army　under　the　tribunes　was　besieged
by　the　Latins　and　Volscians；　was　constrained　to　arm；　not　only　those
under；　but　also　those　over；　the　age　of　service；　and　taking　a　large
circuit　round　the　mountain　Maecius；　undiscovered　by　the　enemy；
lodged　his　army　on　their　rear；　and　then　by　many　fires　gave　notice　of
his　arrival。　The　besieged；　encouraged　by　this；　prepared　to　sally　forth
and　join　battle；　but　the　Latins　and　Volscians；　fearing　this　exposure
to　an　enemy　on　both　sides；　drew　themselves　within　their　works；　and
fortified　their　camp　with　a　strong　palisade　of　trees　on　every　side；
resolving　to　wait　for　more　supplies　from　home；　and　expecting；　also；
the　assistance　of　the　Tuscans；　their　confederates。　Camillus；　detecting
their　object；　and　fearing　to　be　reduced　to　the　same　position　to
which　he　had　brought　them；　namely；　to　be　besieged　himself；　resolved　to
lose　no　time：　and　finding　their　rampart　was　all　of　timber；　and
observing　that　a　strong　wind　constantly　at　sun…rising　blew　off　from
the　mountains；　after　having　prepared　a　quantity　of　combustibles；　about
break　of　day　he　drew　forth　his　forces；　commanding　a　part　with　their
missiles　to　assault　the　enemy　with　noise　and　shouting　on　the　other
quarter；　whilst　he；　with　those　that　were　to　fling　in　the　fire；　went　to
that　side　of　the　enemy's　camp　to　which　the　wind　usually　blew；　and
there　waited　his　opportunity。　When　the　skirmish　was　begun；　and　the　sun
risen；　and　a　strong　wind　set　in　from　the　mountains；　he　gave　the　signal
of　onset；　and　heaving　in　an　infinite　quantity　of　fiery　matter；
filled　all　their　rampart　with　it；　so　that　the　flame　being　fed　by　the
close　timber　and　wooden　palisades；　went　on　and　spread　into　all
quarters。　The　Latins；　having　nothing　ready　to　keep　it　off　or
extinguish　it；　when　the　camp　was　now　almost　full　of　fire；　were
driven　back　within　a　very　small　compass；　and　at　last　forced　by
necessity　to　come　into　their　enemy's　hands；　who　stood　before　the　works
ready　armed　and　prepared　to　receive　them；　of　these　very　few　escaped；
while　those　that　stayed　in　the　camp　were　all　a　prey　to　the　fire；　until
the　Romans；　to　gain　the　pillage；　extinguished　it。
　　These　things　performed；　Camillus；　leaving　his　son　Lucius　in　the　camp
to　guard　the　prisoners　and　secure　the　booty；　passed　into　the　enemy's
country；　where；　having　taken　the　city　of　the　Aequians　and　reduced
the　Volscians　to　obedience；　he　then　immediately　led　his　army　to
Sutrium；　not　having　heard　what　had　befallen　the　Sutrians；　but　making
haste　to　assist　them；　as　if　they　were　still　in　danger　and　besieged
by　the　Tuscans。　They；　however；　had　already　surrendered　their　city　to
their　enemies；　and　destitute　of　all　things；　with　nothing　left　but
their　clothes；　met　Camillus　on　the　way；　leading　their　wives　and
children；　and　bewailing　their　misfortune。　Camillus　himself　was
struck　with　compassion；　and　perceiving　the　soldiers　weeping；　and
commiserating　their　case；　while　the　Sutrians　hung　about　and　clung　to
them；　resolved　not　to　defer　revenge；　but　that　very　day　to　lead　his
army　to　Sutrium；　conjecturing　that　the　enemy；　having　just　taken　a　rich
and　plentiful　city；　without　an　enemy　left　within　it；　nor　any　from
without　to　be　expected；　would　be　found　abandoned　to　enjoyment　and
unguarded。　Neither　did　his　opinion　fail　him；　he　not　only　passed
through　their　country　without　discovery；　but　came　up　to　their　very
gates　and　possessed　himself　of　the　walls；　not　a　man　being　left　to
guard　them；　but　their　whole　army　scattered　about　in　the　houses；
drinking　and　making　merry。　Nay；　when　at　last　they　did　perceive　that
the　enemy　had　seized　the　city；　they　were　so　overloaded　with　meat　and
wine；　that　few　were　able　so　much　as　to　endeavour　to　escape；　but　either
waited　shamefully　for　their　death　within　doors；　or　surrendered
themselves　to　the　conqueror。　Thus　the　city　of　the　Sutrians　was　twice
taken　in　one　day；　and　they　who　were　in　possession　lost　it；　and　they
who　had　lost　regained　it；　alike　by　the　means　of　Camillus。　For　all
which　actions　he　received　a　triumph；　which　brought　him　no　less
honour　and　reputation　than　the　two　former　ones；　for　those　citizens　who
before　most　regarded　him　with　an　evil　eye；　and　ascribed　his
successes　to　a　certain　luck　rather　than　real　merit；　were　compelled
by　these　last　acts　of　his　to　allow　the　whole　honour　to　his　great
abilities　and　energy。
　　Of　all　the　adversaries　and　enviers　of　his　glory；　Marcus　Manlius
was　the　most　distinguished；　he　who　first　drove　back　the　Gauls　when
they　made　their　night　attack　upon　the　Capitol；　and　who　for　that　reason
had　been　named　Capitolinus。　This　man；　affecting　the　first　place　in　the
commonwealth；　and　not　able　by　noble　ways　to　outdo　Camillus's
reputation；　took　that　ordinary　course　towards　usurpation　of　absolute
power；　namely；　to　gain　the　multitude；　those　of　them　especially　that
were　in　debt；　defending　some　by　pleading　their　causes　against　their
creditors；　rescuing　others　by　force；　and　not　suffering　the　law　to
proceed　against　them；　insomuch　that　in　a　short　time　he　got　great
numbers　of　indigent　people　about　him；　whose　tumults　and　uproars　in　the
forum　struck　terror　into　the　principal　citizens。　After　that　Quintius
Capitolinus；　who　was　made　dictator　to　suppress　these　disorders；　had
committed　Manlius　to　prison；　the　people　immediately　changed　their
apparel；　a　thing　never　done　but　in　great　and　public　calamities；　and
the　senate；　fearing　some　tumult；　ordered　him　to　be　released。　He；
however；　when　set　at　liberty；　changed　not　his　course；　but　was　rather
the　more　insolent　in　his　proceedings；　filling　the　whole　city　with
faction　and　sedition。　They　chose；　therefore；　Camillus　again　military
tribune；　and　a　day　being　appointed　for　Manlius　to　answer　to　his
charge；　the　prospect　from　the　place　where　his　trial　was　held　proved
a　great　impediment　to　his　accusers；　for　the　very　spot　where　Manlius　by
night　fought　with　the　Gauls　overlooked　the　forum　from　the　Capitol；
so　that；　stretching　forth　his　hands　that　way；　and　weeping；　he　called
to　their　remembrance　his　past　actions；　raising　compassion　in　all
that　beheld　him。　Insomuch　that　the　judges　were　at　a　loss　what　to　do；
and　several　times　adjourned　the　trial；　unwilling　to　acquit　him　of
the　crime；　which　was　sufficiently　proved；　and　yet　unable　to　execute
the　law　while　his　noble　action　remained；　as　it　were；　before　their
eyes。　Camillus；　considering　this；　transferred　the　court　outside　the
gate　to　the　Peteline　Grove；　from　whence　there　is　no　prospect　of　the
Capitol。　Here　his　accuser　went　on　with　his　charge；　and　his　judges　were
capable　of　remembering　and　duly　resenting　his　guilty　deeds。　He　was
convicted；　carried　to　the　Capitol；　and　flung　headlong　from　the　rock；
so　that　one　and　the　same　spot　was　thus　the　witness　of　his　greatest
glory；　and　monument　of　his　most　unfortunate　end。　The　Romans；
besides；　razed　his　house；　and　built　there　a　temple　to　the　goddess　they
call　Moneta；　ordaining　for　the　future　that　none　of　the　patrician　order
should　ever　dwell　on　the　Capitoline。
　　And　now　Camillus；　being　called　to　his　sixth　tribuneship；　desired
to　be　excused；　as　being　aged；　and　perhaps　not　unfearful　of　the
malice　of　fortune；　and　those　reverses　which　seem　to　ensue　upon　great
prosperity。　But　the　most　apparent　pretence　was　the　weakness　of　his
body；　for　he　happened　at　that　time　to　be　sick；　the　people；　however；
would　admit　of　no　excuses；　but；　crying　that　they　wanted　not　his
strength　for　horse　or　for　foot　service；　but　only　his　counsel　and
conduct；　constrained　him　to　undertake　the　command；　and　with　one　of　his
fellow…tribunes　to　lead　the　army　immediately　against　the　enemy。
These　were　the　Praenestines　and　Volscians；　who；　with　large　forces；
were　laying　waste　the　territory　of　the　Roman　confederates。　Having
marched　out　with　his　army；　he　sat　down　and　encamped　near　the　enemy；
meaning　himself　to　protract　the　war；　or　if　there　should　come　any
necessity　or　occasion　of　fighting；　in　the　meantime　to　regain　his
strength。　But　Lucius　Furius；　his　colleague；　carried　away　with　the
desire　of　glory；　was　not　to　be　held　in；　but；　impatient　to　give　battle；
inflamed　the　inferior　officers　of　the　army　with　the　same　eagerness；　so
that　Camillus；　fearing　he　might