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on are loosely�察�poorly constructed affairs of leaves�察�feathers�察�grass�察�and even rags。

With all his virtues�察�it must be added�察�however�察�that this charming bird is a sad tease。 'There is no sound�察�whether made by bird or beast about him�察�that he cannot imitate so clearly as to deceive every one but himself。 Very rarely can you find a mocking´bird without intelligence and mischief enough to appreciate his ventriloquism。 In Sidney Lanier's college note´book was found written this reflection�此 �A poet is the mocking´bird of the spiritual universe。 In him are collected all the individual songs of all individual natures。; Later in life�察�with the same thought in mind�察�he referred to the bird as ;yon slim Shakespeare on the tree。; His exquisite stanzas�察 �To Our Mocking´bird�察─�exalt the singer with the immortals��

   ;Trillets of humor�察 �shrewdest whistle  wit       Contralto cadences of grave desire�察    �Such as from off the passionate Indian pyre     Drift down through sandal´odored flames that split     About the slim young widow�察�who doth sit     And sing above�察 �midnights of tone entire�察      �Tissues of moonlight�察�shot with songs of fire�察     �Bright drops of tune�察�from oceans infinite     Of melody�察�sipped off the thin´edged wave     And trickling down the beak�察 �discourses brave     Of serious matter that no man may guess�察      �Good´fellow greetings�察�cries of light distress       All these but now within the house we heard�此    �O Death�察�wast thou too deaf to hear the bird�拭     � 。 。 。 。    ;Nay�察�Bird�察�my grief gainsays the Lord's best right。     The Lord was fain�察�at some late festal time�察    �That Keats should set all heaven's woods in rhyme�察    �And Thou in bird´notes。 Lo�察�this tearful night     Methinks I see thee�察�fresh from Death's despite�察    �Perched in a palm´grove�察�wild with pantomime     O'er blissful companies couched in shady thyme。     Methinks I hear thy silver whistlings bright     Meet with the mighty discourse of the wise�察      �'Till broad Beethoven�察�deaf no more�察�and Keats�察    �'Midst of much talk�察�uplift their smiling eyes     And mark the music of thy wood´conceits�察    �And half´way pause on some large courteous word�察    �And call thee 'Brother��' O thou heavenly Bird� �


JUNCO ��Junco hyemalis�� Finch family

Called also�此�SNOWBIRD�察�SLATE´COLORED SNOWBIRD�察。�DARK´EYED JUNCO�察  �AOU 1998��

Length  5。5 to 6。5 inches。 About the size of the English   sparrow。 Male  Upper parts slate´colored�察�darkest on head and neck�察  �which are sometimes almost black and marked like a cowl。 Gray   on breast�察�like a vest。 Underneath white。 Several outer tall   feathers white�察�conspicuous in flight。 Female  Lighter gray�察�inclining to brown。 Range  North America。 Not common in warm latitudes。 Breeds in   the Catskills and northern New England。 Migrations  September。 April。 Winter resident。

;Leaden skies above�察�snow below�察─�is Mr。 Parkhurst's suggestive description of this rather timid little neighbor�察�that is only starved into familiarity。 When the snow has buried seed and berries�察�a flock of juncos�察�mingling sociably with the sparrows and chickadees about the kitchen door�察�will pick up scraps of food with an intimacy quite touching in a bird naturally rather shy。 Here we can readily distinguish these ;little gray´robed monks and nuns�察─�as Miss Florence Merriam calls them。

They are trim�察�sprightly�察�sleek�察�and even natty�察�their dispositions are genial and vivacious�察�not quarrelsome�察�like their sparrow cousins�察�and what is perhaps best about them�察�they are birds we may surely depend upon seeing in the winter months。 A few come forth in September�察�migrating at night from the deep woods of the north�察�where they have nested and moulted during the summer�察�but not until frost has sharpened the air are large numbers of them seen。 Rejoicing in winter�察�they nevertheless do not revel in the deep and fierce arctic blasts�察�as the snowflakes do�察�but take good care to avoid the open pastures before the hard storms overtake them。

Early in the spring their song is sometimes heard before they leave us to woo and to nest in the north。 Mr。 Bicknell describes it as ;a crisp call´note�察�a simple trill�察�and a faint�察�whispered warble�察�usually much broken�察�but not without sweetness。;


WHITE´BREASTED NUTHATCH ��Sitta carolinensis�� Nuthatch family

Called also�此�TREE´MOUSE�察�DEVIL DOWNHEAD

Length  5。5 to 6 inches。 A trifle smaller than the English   sparrow。 Male and Female  Upper parts slate´color。 Top of head and nape   black。 Wings dark slate�察�edged with black�察�that fades to brown。   Tail feathers brownish black�察�with white bars。 Sides of head   and underneath white�察�shading to pale reddish under the tail。   ��Female's head leaden。�� Body flat and compact。 Bill longer than   head。 Range  British provinces to Mexico。 Eastern United States。 Migrations  October。 April。 Common resident。 Most prominent in   winter。

  ;Shrewd little haunter of woods all gray�察   �Whom I meet on my walk of a winter day      You're busy inspecting each cranny and hole    In the ragged bark of yon hickory bole�察   �You intent on your task�察�and I on the law    Of your wonderful head and gymnastic claw��

   The woodpecker well may despair of this feat      Only the fly with you can compete�    �So much is clear�察�but I fain would know    How you can so reckless and fearless go�察   �Head upward�察�head downward�察�all one to you�察   �Zenith and nadir the same in your view�拭─                                         �Edith M。 Thomas。

Could a dozen lines well contain a fuller description or more apt characterization of a bird than these ;To a Nuthatch;��

With more artless inquisitiveness than fear�察�this lively little acrobat stops his hammering or hatcheting at your approach�察�and stretching himself out from the tree until it would seem he must fall off�察�he peers down at you�察�head downward�察�straight into your upturned opera´glasses。 If there is too much snow on the upper side of a branch�察�watch how he runs along underneath it like a fly�察�busily tapping the bark�察�or adroitly breaking the decayed bits with his bill�察�as he searches for the spider's eggs�察�larvae�察�etc。�察�hidden there�察�yet somehow�察�between mouthfuls�察�managing to call out his cheery quank� �quank� �hank� �hank��

Titmice and nuthatches�察�which have many similar characteristics�察�are often seen in the most friendly hunting parties on the same tree。 A pine woods is their dearest delight。 There�察�as the mercury goes down�察�their spirits only seem to go up higher。 In the spring they have been thought by many to migrate in flocks�察�whereas they are only retreating with their relations away from the haunts of men to the deep�察�cool woods�察�where they nest。 With infinite patience the nuthatch excavates a hole in a tree�察�lining it with feathers and moss�察�and often depositing as many as ten white eggs speckled with red and lilac�� for a single brood。


RED´BREASTED NUTHATCH ��Sitta canadensis�� Nuthatch family

Called also�此�CANADA NUTHATCH

Length  4 to 4。75 inches。 One´third smaller than the English   sparrow。 Male  Lead´colored above�察�brownish on wings and tail。 Head�察  �neck�察�and stripe passing through eye to shoulder�察�black。   Frontlet�察�chin�察�and shoulders white�察�also a white stripe over   eye�察�meeting on brow。 Under parts light�察�rusty red。 Tail   feathers barred with white near end�察�and tipped with pale   brown。 Female  Has crown of brownish black�察�and is lighter beneath   than male。 Range  Northern parts of North America。 Not often seen south of   the most northerly States。 Migrations  November。 April。 Winter resident。

The brighter coloring of this tiny�察�hardy bird distinguishes from the other and larger nuthatch�察�with whom it is usually seen�察�for the winter birds have a delightfully social manner�察�so that a colony of these Free masons is apt to contain not only both kinds of nuthatches and chickadees�察�but kinglets and brown creepers as well。 It shares the family habit of walking about the trees�察�head downward�察�and running along the under side of limbs like a fly。 By Thanksgiving Day the quank� �quank� �of the white´breasted species is answered by the tai´tai´tait� �of the red´breasted cousin in the orchard�察�where the family party is celebrating with an elaborate menu of slugs�察�insects' eggs�察�and oily seeds from the evergreen trees。

For many years this nuthatch�察�a more northern species than the white´breasted bird�察�was thought to be only a spring and autumn visitor�察�but latterly it is credited with habits like its congener's in nearly every particular。


LOGGERHEAD SHRIKE ��Lanius ludovicianus�� Shrike family

Length  8。5 to 9 inches。 A little smaller than the robin。 Male and Female  Upper parts gray�察�narrow black line across   forehead�察�connecting small black patches on sides of head at   base of bill。 Wings and tail black�察�plentifully marked with   white�察�the outer tail feathers often being entirely white and   conspicuous in flight。 Underneath white or very light gray。   Bill hooked and hawk´like。 Range  Eastern United States to the plains。 Migrations  May。 October。 Summer resident。

It is not easy�察�even at a slight distance�察�to distinguish the loggerhead from the Northern shrike。 Both have the pernicious habit of killing insects and smaller birds and impaling them on thorns�察�both have the peculiarity of flying�察�with strong�察�vigorous flight and much wing´flapping�察�close along the ground�察�then suddenly rising to a tree�察�on the lookout for prey。 Their harsh�察�unmusical call´notes are similar too�察�and their hawk´like method of dropping suddenly upon a victim on the ground below is identical。 Indeed�察�the same description very nearly answers for both birds。 But there is one very important difference。 While the Northern shrike is a winter visitor�察�the loggerhead�察�being his Southern counterpart�察�does not arrive until after the frost is out of the ground�察�and he can be sure of a truly warm welcome。 A lesser distiction between the only two representatives of the shrike family that frequent our neighborhood  and they are two too many  is in the smaller size of the loggerhead and its lighter´gray plumage。 But as both these birds select some high commanding position�察�like a distended branch near the tree´top�察�a cupola�察�house´peak�察�lightning´rod�察�telegraph wire�察�or  weather´vane�察�the better to detect a passing dinner�察�it would be quite impossible at such a distance to know which shrike was sitting up there silently plotting villainies�察�without remembering the season when each may be expected。


NORTHERN SHRIKE ��Lanius borealis�� Shrike family

Called also�此�BUTCHER´BIRD�察�NINE´KILLER

Length  9。5 to 10。5 inches。 About the size of the robin。 Male  Upper parts slate´gray�察�wing quills and tail black�察  �edged and tipped with white�察�conspicuous in flight�察�a white   spot on centre of outer wing feathers。 A black band runs   from bill�察�through eye to side of throat。 Light gray below�察  �tinged with brownish�察�and faintly marked with waving lines   of darker gray。 Bill hooked and hawk´like。 Female  With eye´band more obscure than male's�察�and with   More distinct brownish cast on her plumage。 Range  Northern North America。 South in winter to middle   Portion of United States。 Migrations  November�察�April。 A roving winter resident。

;Matching the bravest of the brave among birds of prey in deeds of daring�察�and no less relentless than reckless�察�the 

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