the life of william carey-第72章

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　sent　out　by　558　agencies　of　the　Reformed　Churches。　　The　solitary　converts；　each　with　no　influence　on　his　people；　or　country；　or　generation；　are　now　a　community　of　3；000；000　in　India　alone；　and　in　all　the　lands　outside　of　Christendom　5；000；000；　of　whom　80；000　are　missionaries　to　their　own　countrymen；　and　many　are　leaders　of　the　native　communities。　　Since　the　first　edition　of　the　Bengali　New　Testament　appeared　at　the　beginning　of　the　century　250；000；000　of　copies　of　the　Holy　Scriptures　have　been　printed；　of　which　one　half　are　in　370　of　the　non…English　tongues　of　the　world。　　The　Bengali　School　of　Mudnabati；　the　Christian　College　of　Serampore；　have　set　in　motion　educational　forces　that　are　bringing　nations　to　the　birth；　are　passing　under　Bible　instruction　every　day　more　than　a　million　boys　and　girls；　young　men　and　maidens　of　the　dark　races　of　mankind。

The　seventh　Earl　of　Shaftesbury；　the　greatest　and　most　practical　Evangelical　of　the　nineteenth　century　after　William　Wilberforce；　wrote　thus　in　his　Journal　of　the　class　whom　Carey　headed　in　the　eighteenth；　and　whom　Wordsworth　commemorated　as

　　　〃Not　sedentary　all；　there　are　who　roam　　　　　To　scatter　seeds　of　Life　on　barbarous　shores。〃

1847。　〃Aug。　30thRYDE。Reading　Missionary　Enterprises　by　Williams。。。Zeal；　devotion；　joy；　simplicity　of　heart；　faith；　love；　and　we　here　have　barely　affection　enough　to　thank　God　that　such　deeds　have　been　done。　　Talk　of　'doing　good'　and　being　'useful　in　one's　generation；'　why；　these　admirable　men　performed　more　in　one　month　than　I　or　many　others　shall　perform　in　a　whole　life！〃

The　eloquent　Dr。　Richard　Winter　Hamilton；　reflecting　that　sacrifice　to　heroes　is　reserved　until　after　sunset；　recalled　William　Carey；　eight　years　after　his　death；　as　〃wielding　a　power　to　which　all　difficulties　yielded；　but　that　power　noiseless　as　a　law　of　nature；　great　in　conception　as　well　as　in　performance；　profound　as　those　deep　combinations　of　language　in　which　the　Indian　philosophy　and　polytheism　hide　themselves；　but　gentle　as　the　flower　which　in　his　brief　recreation　he　loved　to　train；　awful　as　the　sage；　simple　as　the　child；　speaking　through　the　Eastern　world　in　as　many　languages；　perhaps；　as　'the　cloven　tongues　of　fire'　represented；　to　be　remembered　and　blessed　as　long　as　Ganges　rolls！〃

The　historian　of　the　Baptist　Missionary　Society；　and　Robert　Hall；　whom　Sir　James　Mackintosh　pronounced　the　greatest　English　orator；　have　both　attempted　an　estimate　of　Carey's　genius　and　influence。　Dr。　F。　A。　Cox　remarks：〃Had　he　been　born　in　the　sixteenth　century　he　might　have　been　a　Luther；　to　give　Protestantism　to　Europe；　had　he　turned　his　thought　and　observations　merely　to　natural　philosophy　he　might　have　been　a　Newton；　but　his　faculties；　consecrated　by　religion　to　a　still　higher　end；　have　gained　for　him　the　sublime　distinction　of　having　been　the　Translator　of　the　Scriptures　and　the　Benefactor　of　Asia。〃　Robert　Hall　spoke　thus　of　Carey　in　his　lifetime：〃That　extraordinary　man　who；　from　the　lowest　obscurity　and　poverty；　without　assistance；　rose　by　dint　of　unrelenting　industry　to　the　highest　honours　of　literature；　became　one　of　the　first　of　Orientalists；　the　first　of　Missionaries；　and　the　instrument　of　diffusing　more　religious　knowledge　among　his　contemporaries　than　has　fallen　to　the　lot　of　any　individual　since　the　Reformation；　a　man　who　unites　with　the　most　profound　and　varied　attainments　the　fervour　of　an　evangelist；　the　piety　of　a　saint；　and　the　simplicity　of　a　child。〃

Except　the　portrait　in　London　and　the　bust　in　Calcutta；　no　memorial；　national；　catholic；　or　sectarian；　marks　the　work　of　Carey。　　That　work　is　meanwhile　most　appropriately　embodied　in　the　College　for　natives　at　Serampore；　in　the　Lall　Bazaar　chapel　and　Benevolent　Institution　for　the　poor　of　Calcutta。　　The　Church　of　England；　which　he　left；　like　John　Wesley；　has　allowed　E。　S。　Robinson；　Esq。；　of　Bristol；　to　place　an　inscription；　on　brass；　in　the　porch　of　the　church　of　his　native　village；　beside　the　stone　which　he　erected　over　the　remains　of　his　father；　Edmund；　the　parish　clerk：〃To　the　Glory　of　God　and　in　memory　of　Dr。　Wm。　Carey；　Missionary　and　Orientalist。〃

Neither　Baptist　nor　Anglican；　the　present　biographer　would；　in　the　name　of　the　country　which　stood　firm　in　its　support　of　Carey　and　Serampore　all　through　the　forty…one　years　of　his　apostolate；　add　this　final　eulogy；　pronounced　in　St。　George's　Free　Church；　Edinburgh；　on　the　man　who；　more　than　any　other　and　before　all　others；　made　the　civilisation　of　the　modern　world　by　the　English…speaking　races　a　Christian　force。36　Carey；　childlike　in　his　humility；　is　the　most　striking　illustration　in　all　Hagiology；　Protestant　or　Romanist；　of　the　Lord's　declaration　to　the　Twelve　when　He　had　set　a　little　child　in　the　midst　of　them；　〃Whosoever　shall　humble　himself　as　this　little　child；　the　same　is　greatest　in　the　kingdom　of　heaven。〃　　Yet　we；　nigh　a　century　after　he　went　forth　with　the　Gospel　to　Hindostan；　may　venture　to　place　him　where　the　Church　History　of　the　future　is　likely　to　keep　himamid　the　uncrowned　kings　of　men　who　have　made　Christian　England　what　it　is；　under　God；　to　its　own　people　and　to　half　the　human　race。　　These　are　Chaucer；　the　Father　of　English　Verse；　Wyclif　the　Father　of　the　Evangelical　Reformation　in　all　lands；　Hooker；　the　Father　of　English　Prose；　Shakspere；　the　Father　of　English　Literature；　Milton；　the　Father　of　the　English　Epic；　Bunyan；　the　Father　of　English　Allegory；　Newton；　the　father　of　English　Science；　Carey；　the　Father　of　the　Second　Reformation　through　Foreign　Missions。





APPENDIX

I。CHARTER　OF　INCORPORATION　OF　SERAMPORE　COLLEGE

WE；　Frederick　the　Sixth；　by　the　Grace　of　God　King　of　Denmark；　the　Venders　and　Gothers；　Duke　of　Slesvig　Holsten；　Stormarn；　Ditmarsken；　Limessborg　and　Oldenborg；　by　writings　these　make　known　and　publicly　declare；　that　whereas　William　Carey　and　Joshua　Marshman；　Doctors　of　Divinity；　and　John　Clark　Marshman；　Esq。；　inhabitants　of　our　town　of　Fredericksnagore　（or　Serampore）　in　Bengal；　being　desirous　of　founding　a　College　to　promote　piety　and　learning　particularly　among　the　native　Christian　population　of　India；　have　to　secure　this　object　erected　suitable　buildings　and　purchased　and　collected　suitable　books；　maps；　etc。；　and　have　humbly　besought　us　to　grant　unto　them　and　such　persons　as　shall　be　elected　by　them　and　their　successors　to　form　the　Council　of　the　College　in　the　manner　to　be　hereafter　named；　our　Royal　Charter　of　Incorporation　that　they　may　the　more　effectually　carry　into　execution　the　purposes　above…mentioned：We；　being　desirous　to　encourage　so　laudable　an　undertaking；　have　of　our　special　grace　and　free　motion　ordained；　constituted；　granted　and　declared；　and　by　the　presents　We　do　for　ourselves；　our　heirs　and　successors　ordain；　constitute；　grant　and　declare：

1。　That　the　said　William　Carey；　Joshua　Marshman　and　John　Clark　Marshman；　and　such　other　person　or　persons　as　shall　successively　be　elected　and　appointed　the　Council　of　the　said　College；　in　the　manner　hereafter　mentioned；　shall　by　virtue　of　the　presents　be　for　ever　hereafter　one　body　politic　and　incorporate　by　the　name　of　the　Serampore　College　for　the　purposes　aforesaid　to　have　perpetual　succession　and　to　have　a　common　seal；　and　by　the　said　name　to　sue　and　be　sued；　to　implead　and　be　impleaded；　and　to　answer　and　be　answered　unto　in　every　court　and　place　belonging　to　us；　our　heirs　and　successors。

2。　And　We　do　hereby　ordain；　constitute　and　declare　that　the　persons　hereby　incorporated　and　their　successors　shall　for　ever　be　competent　in　law　to　purchase；　hold　and　enjoy　for　them　and　their　successors　any　goods　and　chattels　whatsoever　and　to　receive；　purchase；　hold　and　enjoy；　they　and　their　successors；　any　lands；　tenements　or　hereditaments　whatever；　and　that　they　shall　have　full　power　and　authority　to　sell；　exchange　or　otherwise　dispose　of　any　real　or　personal　property　to　be　by　them　acquired　as　aforesaid；　unless　the　sale　or　alienation　of　such　property　be　specially　prohibited　by　the　donor　or　donors　thereof；　and　to　do　all　things　relating　to　the　said　College　or　Corporation　in　as　ample　a　manner　or　form　as　any　of　our　liege　subjects；　or　any　other　body　politic　or　corporate　in　our　said　kingdom　or　its　dependencies　may　or　can　do。

3。　And　We　do　hereby　ordain；　grant　and　declare　that　the　number　of　Professors；　Fellows　or　Student　Tutors　and　Students；　shall　be　indefinite　and　that　the　said　William　Carey；　Joshua　Marshman　and　John　Clark　Marshman；　shall　be　the　first　Council　of　the　said　College；　and　that　in　the　event　of　its　appearing　to　them　necessary　during　their　life…time；　or　in　the　case　of　the　death　of　any　one　of　the　three　members　of　the　said　first　Council；　the　survivors　or　survivor　shall　and　may　under　their　respective　hands　and　seals　appoint　such　other　person　or　persons　to　be　members　of　the　Council　of　the　College；　and　to　succeed　each　other　so　as　to　become　Members　of　the　said　Council　in　the　order　in　which　they　shall　be　appointed；　to　the　intent　that　the　Council　of　the　said　College　shall　for　ever　consist　of　at　least　three　persons。

4。　And　We　do　hereby　further　ordain；　grant　and　declare；　that　for　the　better　government　of　the　said　College；　and　the　better　management　of　its　concerns；　the　said　William　Carey；　Joshua　Marshman　and　John　Clark　Marshman；　the　members　of　the　first　Council；　shall　have　full　power　and　authority　for　the　space　of　ten　years　from　the　date　of　these　presents；　to　make　and　establish　such　statutes　as　shall　appear　to　them　useful　and　necessary　for　the　government　of　the　said　College；　in　which　statutes　they　shall　define　the　powers　to　be　entrusted　to　their　successors；　to　the　Professors；　the　Fellows　or　Student　Tutors　and　the　other　Officers　thereof；　and　the　duties　to　be　performed　by　these　respectively　for　the　management　of　the　estates；　lands；　revenues　and　goodsand　of　the　business　of　the　said　College；　and　the　manner　of　proposing；　electing；　admitting　and　removing　all　and　every　one　of　the　Council；　the　Professors；　the　Fellows　or　Tutors；　the　officers；　the　students　and　the　servants　thereof；　and　shall　make　and　establish　generally　all　such　other　statutes　as　may　appear　to　them　necessary　for　the　future　good　government　and　prosperity　of　the　said　College；　provided　that　these　statutes　be　not　contrary　to　the　laws　and　statutes　of　our　realm。

5。　And　we　do　hereby　further　ordain；　grant　and　declare；　that　the　statutes　thus　made　and　established　by　the　said　three　members　of　the　first　Council；　and　given　or　left　in　writing　under　their　respective　hands；　shall　be　valid　and　in　full　force　at　the　expiration　of　ten　years　from　the　date　of　these　presents；　so　that　no　future　Council　of　the　College　shall　have　power　to　alter；　change　or　vary　them　in　any　manner　whatever　and　that　the　statutes　shall　for　ever　be　considered　the　constitution　of　the　said　College。　　And　we　do　hereby　appoint　and　declare　that　these　statutes　shall　be　made　and　established　by　the　said　William　Carey；　Joshua　Marshman　and　John　Clark　Marshman　alone；　so　that　in　case　either　of　them　should　die　before　the　expiration　of　ten　years；　the　power　of　completing　or　perfecting　these　statutes　shall　devolve　wholly　on　the　survivors　or　survivor；　and　that　in　case　all　three　of　them　should　die　before　the　expiration　of　ten　years；　the　statutes　which　they　have　left　in　writing　under　their　hands；　or　under　the　hand　of　the　last　survivor　among　them　shall　be　considered　〃The　Fundamental　Statutes　and　Cons