the life of william carey-第66章
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take place I certainly shall not do it。 I am fully convinced I should meet with many who would show me the utmost kindness in their power； but my heart is wedded to India； and though I am of little use I feel a pleasure in doing the little I can； and a very high interest in the spiritual good of this vast country； by whose instrumentality soever it is promoted。〃
By 1829 the divinity faculty of the College had become so valuable a nursery of Eurasian and Native missionaries； and the importance of attracting more of the new generation of educated Hindoos within its influence had become so apparent that Oriental gave place to English literature in the curriculum。 Mr。 Rowe； as English tutor； took his place in the staff beside Dr。 Carey； Dr。 Marshman； Mr。 Mack； and Mr。 John Marshman。 Hundreds of native youths flocked to the classes。 Such was the faith； such the zeal of Carey； that he continued to add new missions to the ten of which the College was the life…giving centre； so that when he was taken away he left eighteen； under eleven European； thirteen Eurasian； seventeen Bengali； two Hindostani； one Telugoo； and six Arakanese missionaries。 When Mr。 David Scott； formerly a student of his own in Fort William College； and in 1828 Commissioner of Assam （then recently annexed to the empire）； asked for a missionary； Carey's importunity prevailed with his colleagues only when he bound himself to pay half the cost by stinting his personal expenditure。 Similarly it was the generous action of Mr。 Garrett； when judge of Barisal； that led him to send the best of his Serampore students to found that afterwards famous mission。
Having translated the Gospels into the language of the Khasias in the Assam hills； he determined in 1832 to open a new mission at the village of Cherra； which the Serampore Brotherhood were the first to use as a sanitarium in the hot season。 For this he gave up ？0 of his Government pension and Mr。 Garrett gave a similar sum。 He sent another of his students； Mr。 Lisk； to found the mission； which prospered until it was transferred to the Welsh Calvinists； who have made it the centre of extensive and successful operations。 Thus the influence of his middle age and old age in the Colleges of Fort William and of Serampore combined to make the missionary patriarch the father of two bandsthat of the Society and that of the Brotherhood。
Dr。 Carey's last report； at the close of 1832； was a defence of what has since been called； and outside of India and of Scotland has too often been misunderstood as； educational missions or Christian Colleges。 To a purely divinity college for Asiatic Christians he preferred a divinity faculty as part of an Arts and Science College；29 in which the converts study side by side with their inquiring countrymen； the inquirers are influenced by them as well as by the Christian teaching and secular teaching in a Christian spirit； and the Bible consecrates the whole。 The United Free Church of Scotland has； alike in India； China and Africa； proved the wisdom； the breadth； and the spiritual advantage of Carey's policy。 When the Society opposed him； scholars like Mack from Edinburgh and Leechman from Glasgow rejoiced to work out his Paul…like conception。 When not only he； but Dr。 Marshman； had passed away Mack bravely held aloft the banner they bequeathed； till his death in 1846。 Then John Marshman； who in 1835 had begun the Friend of India as a weekly paper to aid the College； transferred the mission to the Society under the learned W。 H。 Denham。 When in 1854 a new generation of the English Baptists accepted the College also as their own； it received a Principal worthy to succeed the giants of those days； the Rev。 John Trafford； M。A。； a student of Foster's and of Glasgow University。 For twenty…six years he carried out the principles of Carey。 On his retirement the College as such was suspended in the year 1883； and in the same building a purely native Christian Training Institution took its place。 There； however； the many visitors from Christendom still found the library and museum； the Bibles； grammars； and dictionaries； the natural history collections； and the Oriental MSS。； the Danish Charter； the historic portraits； and the British Treaty； as well as the native Christian classesall of which re…echo William Carey's appeal to posterity。
CHAPTER XV
CAREY'S CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY FOR THE PEOPLE OF INDIA
The Danish charterThe British treatyGrowth of native Christian communityLord Minto's concession of self…governing privilegesMadras Decennial Conference and Serampore degreesProposed reorganisation of College so as to teach and examine for B。D。 and other degreesAppeal for endowments of Carey's Christian University
Attention has already been directed to the far…seeing plans which Carey laid down for Serampore College。 It is a pleasure to record that while this volume is in the press （1909）； a scheme is being promoted by the College Council for the reorganisation of the College on the lines of Carey's ideal； with a view to making it a centre of higher ministerial training for all branches of the Indian Church。
It will be remembered that in 1827 the College received from Friedrich VI。 a Royal Charter； empowering it to confer degrees； and giving to it all the rights which are possessed by Western Universities。 Under Treaty dated the 6th October； 1845； the King of Denmark agreed to transfer to the Governor…General of India； Lord Hardinge； G。C。B。； for the sum of ？25；000； the towns of Tranquebar； Frederiksnagore or Serampore；30 and the old factory site at Balasore。 Article 6 of this treaty provides that 〃the rights and immunities granted to the Serampore College by Royal Charter； of date 23rd of February； 1827； shall not be interfered with； but continue in force in the same manner as if they had been obtained by a Charter from the British Government； subject to the General Law of British India。〃31
For lack of an endowment sufficient to maintain the teaching staff required； and to establish the necessary scholarships； the College has never been fully developed on University lines。 Since 1883 it has been used as a training Institution for preachers and teachers for the Bengal field of the Baptist Missionary Society。 Meanwhile in the century since Carey's statesman…like ideal was sketched； under the providence of God there have been two notable developments in the conditions of Indian life（1） the educated Christian natives of India； from Cape Comorin to Peshawar； have grown； and continue to grow； in numbers； in character； and in influence； with a rapidity pronounced marvellous by the official report of the Census of 1901； （2） the three hundred millions of the peoples of India have； by the frank concession of the Earl of Minto and his advisers； and the sanction of Viscount Morley and Parliament； received a virtual constitution； which recognises their fitness for self…governing rights under the benevolent rule of King Edward VII。 and his Viceroy in Council。 Christianity； and the leaven of the more really educated Christian natives； will alone moralise and loyalise the peoples of India； and prepare future generations for a healthy independence； material and political。
As they have watched the lines along which these developments have proceeded； the leaders of the missionary enterprise have become more and more convinced that the realisation of Carey's ideal has been too long delayed； and that the influence of the Christian community on the great movements of Indian thought has suffered in consequence。 In particular； while the need for highly…equipped Indian preachers； evangelists and leaders； is far more urgent now even than it was in Carey's day； the most experienced missionaries of all societies are far from satisfied with the present level of theological education in the Indian Church。 They are convinced that the time has come to reorganise the whole system of ministerial training； and to secure for the study of Christian Theology in India that academic recognition which it has enjoyed for centuries in Western lands。 Since the British Government is pledged to neutrality in religious matters； it is unable to sanction the establishment of Divinity faculties； in any of the State Universities； Hence the Decennial Missionary Conference； representing all the Protestant Missionary Societies working in India； meeting in Madras in December 1902； appointed a Committee 〃to confer with the Council of the Serampore College； through the Committee of the London Baptist Missionary Society； to ascertain whether they are prepared to delegate the degree…conferring powers of the Charter of that College to a Senate or Faculty； representative of the various Protestant Christian Churches and Societies working in India。〃
The College Council （of which Meredith Townsend； Esq。； is Master； and Alfred Henry Baynes； Esq。； F。R。G。S。； is Secretary）； has taken this request into careful consideration； and after being assured by the highest legal opinion that the Charter is still valid； has resolved to do everything in its power to carry out the suggestions of the Decennial Conference。 They realise； however； that if the degree…conferring powers of the Charter are to be used； the College itself must be raised to the highest standard of efficiency as a Teaching Institution； and its permanence must be guaranteed by an adequate endowment。
The Council has felt that the attainment of these two objects is possible only through a union of the forces of the various Protestant Christian Churches working in India。 The result has been the adoption of a wise and catholic project of reorganisation； under which it is hoped that Serampore will become a great interdenominational College of University rank； giving a theological training up to the standard of the London B。D。； conferring its own divinity degrees； and maintaining an Arts and Science department； for the present at least affiliated to the Calcutta University。 It is justly claimed that such a Christian University at Serampore will both unify and raise the standard of theological education in the Indian Church； helping to build the Eastern structure of Christian thought and life on the one Foundation of Jesus Christ； the Word of God。
The scheme which the Council has sanctioned contemplates the permanent endowment of the requisite professorships and scholarships。 The College building will provide sufficient class…room accommodation； but it will be necessary to secure additional land； and to erect houses for the staff and hostels for the students。 An immediate endowment of ？50；000 is aimed at with a view of establishing a well…equipped theological faculty； with a preliminary department in Arts and Sciences。 The Council； however； is not without hope that in due time Carey's noble vision of a great Christian University at Serampore conferring its own degrees； not only in theology but in all branches of useful learning； may powerfully appeal to some of the merchant princes of the West。 It is estimated that the sum of ？；000；000 would be required for this equipment and endowment of the University on this larger scale。 The great missionary Churches and Societies look favourably on the proposal； initiated by their own missionaries； to co…operate with Carey's more immed
