the memoirs of marie antoinette-第43章
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tion
〃TO MARIE ANTOINETTE。
〃Lovely and good； to tender pity true； Queen of a virtuous King； this trophy view； Cold ice and snow sustain its fragile form； But ev'ry grateful heart to thee is warm。 Oh； may this tribute in your hearts excite； Illustrious pair； more pure and real delight； Whilst thus your virtues are sincerely prais'd； Than pompous domes by servile flatt'ry rais'd。〃
The theatres generally rang with praises of the beneficence of the sovereigns： 〃La Partie de Chasse de Henri IV。〃 was represented for the benefit of the poor。 The receipts were very considerable。
When the fruitless measure of the Assembly of the Notables； and the rebellious spirit in the parliaments；
＇The Assembly of the Notables； as may be seen in Weber's Memoirs；〃 vol。 i。； overthrew the plans and caused the downfall of M。 de Calonne。 A prince of the blood presided over each of the meetings of that assembly。 Monsieur； afterwards Louis XVIII。； presided over the first meeting。
〃Monsieur；〃 says a contemporary； 〃gained great reputation at the Assembly of the Notables in 1787。 He did not miss attending his meeting a single day； and he displayed truly patriotic virtues。 His care in discussing the weighty matters of administration； in throwing light upon them； and in defending the interests and the cause of the people； was such as even to inspire the King with some degree of jealousy。 Monsieur openly said that a respectful resistance to the orders of the monarch was not blamable； and that authority might be met by argument； and forced to receive information without any offence whatever。〃NOTE BY THE EDITOR。＇
had created the necessity for States General； it was long discussed in council whether they should be assembled at Versailles or at forty or sixty leagues from the capital； the Queen was for the latter course； and insisted to the King that they ought to be far away from the immense population of Paris。 She feared that the people would influence the deliberations of the deputies； several memorials were presented to the King upon that question； but M。 Necker prevailed； and Versailles was the place fixed upon。
The day on which the King announced that he gave his consent to the convocation of the States General； the Queen left the public dinner； and placed herself in the recess of the first window of her bedchamber； with her face towards the garden。 Her chief butler followed her； to present her coffee； which she usually took standing； as she was about to leave the table。 She beckoned to me to come close to her。 The King was engaged in conversation with some one in his room。 When the attendant had served her he retired； and she addressed me； with the cup still in her hand： 〃Great Heavens！ what fatal news goes forth this day！ The King assents to the convocation of the States General。〃 Then she added； raising her eyes to heaven； 〃I dread it； this important event is a first fatal signal of discord in France。〃 She cast her eyes down； they were filled with tears。 She could not take the remainder of her coffee； but handed me the cup； and went to join the King。 In the evening； when she was alone with me； she spoke only of this momentous decision。 〃It is the Parliament；〃 said she； 〃that has compelled the King to have recourse to a measure long considered fatal to the repose of the kingdom。 These gentlemen wish to restrain the power of the King； but they give a great shock to the authority of which they make so bad a use； and they will bring on their own destruction。〃
The double representation granted to the Tiers Etat was now the chief topic of conversation。 The Queen favoured this plan； to which the King had agreed； she thought the hope of obtaining ecclesiastical favours would secure the clergy of the second order； and that M。 Necker was sure to have the same degree of influence over the lawyers； and other people of that class comprised in the Tiers Dat。 The Comte d'Artois； holding the contrary opinion； presented a memorial in the names of himself and several princes of the blood to the King against the double representation。 The Queen was displeased with him for this； her confidential advisers infused into her apprehensions that the Prince was made the tool of a party； but his conduct was approved of by Madame de Polignac's circle； which the Queen thenceforward only frequented to avoid the appearance of a change in her habits。 She almost always returned unhappy； she was treated with the profound respect due to a queen； but the devotion of friendship had vanished； to make way for the coldness of etiquette； which wounded her deeply。 The alienation between her and the Comte Artois was also very painful to her； for she had loved him almost as tenderly as if he had been her own brother。
The opening of the States General took place on the 4th of May； 1789。 The Queen on that occasion appeared for the last time in her life in regal magnificence。 During the procession some low women； seeing the Queen pass； cried out 〃Vive le Duc d' Orleans！〃 in so threatening a manner that she nearly fainted。 She was obliged to be supported； and those about her were afraid it would be necessary to stop the procession。 The Queen； however； recovered herself； and much regretted that she had not been able to command more presence of mind。
The rapidly increasing distrust of the King and Queen shown by the populace was greatly attributable to incessant corruption by English gold； and the projects； either of revenge or of ambition； of the Duc d'Orleans。 Let it not be thought that this accusation is founded on what has been so often repeated by the heads of the French Government since the Revolution。 Twice between the 14th of July and the 6th of October； 1789； the day on which the Court was dragged to Paris； the Queen prevented me from making little excursions thither of business or pleasure； saying to me； 〃Do not go on such a day to Paris； the English have been scattering gold； we shall have some disturbance。〃 The repeated visits of the Duc d'Orleans to England had excited the Anglomania to such a pitch that Paris was no longer distinguishable from London。 The French； formerly imitated by the whole of Europe； became on a sudden a nation of imitators； without considering the evils that arts and manufactures must suffer in consequence of the change。 Since the treaty of commerce made with England at the peace of 1783； not merely equipages； but everything； even to ribands and common earthenware； were of English make。 If this predominance of English fashions had been confined to filling our drawing…rooms with young men in English frock…coats； instead of the French dress； good taste and commerce might alone have suffered； but the principles of English government had taken possession of these young heads。 Constitution； Upper House； Lower House； national guarantee； balance of power； Magna Charta； Law of Habeas Corpus；all these words were incessantly repeated； and seldom understood； but they were of fundamental importance to a party which was then forming。
The first sitting of the States took place on the following day。 The King delivered his speech with firmness and dignity； the Queen told me that he had taken great pains about it； and had repeated it frequently。 His Majesty gave public marks of attachment and respect for the Queen； who was applauded； but it was easy to see that this applause was in fact rendered to the King alone。
It was evident； during the first sittings； that Mirabeau would be very dangerous to the Government。 It affirmed that at this period he communicated to the King； and still more fully to the Queen； part of his schemes for abandoning them。 He brandished the weapons afforded him by his eloquence and audacity； in order to make terms with the party he meant to attack。 This man played the game of revolution to make his own fortune。 The Queen told me that he asked for an embassy； and； if my memory does not deceive me； it was that of Constantinople。 He was refused with well…deserved contempt； though policy would doubtless have concealed it； could the future have been foreseen。
The enthusiasm prevailing at the opening of this assembly； and the debates between the Tiers Etat； the nobility； and even the clergy； daily increased the alarm of their Majesties； and all who were attached to the cause of monarchy。 The Queen went to bed late； or rather she began to be unable to rest。 One evening； about the end of May； she was sitting in her room； relating several remarkable occurrences of the day； four wax candles were placed upon her toilet…table； the first went out of itself； I relighted it； shortly afterwards the second； and then the third went out also； upon which the Queen； squeezing my hand in terror； said to me： 〃Misfortune makes us superstitious； if the fourth taper should go out like the rest； nothing can prevent my looking upon it as a sinister omen。〃 The fourth taper went out。 It was remarked to the Queen that the four tapers had probably been run in the same mould； and that a defect in the wick had naturally occurred at the same point in each； since the candles had all gone out in the order in which they had been lighted。
The deputies of the Tiers Etat arrived at Versailles full of the strongest prejudices against the Court。 They believed that the King indulged in the pleasures of the table to a shameful excess； and that the Queen was draining the treasury of the State in order to satisfy the most unbridled luxury。 They almost all determined to see Petit Trianon。 The extreme plainness of the retreat in question not answering the ideas they had formed； some of them insisted upon seeing the very smallest closets； saying that the richly furnished apartments were concealed from them。 They particularised one which； according to them； was ornamented with diamonds； and with wreathed columns studded with sapphires and rubies。 The Queen could not get these foolish ideas out of her mind； and spoke to the King on the subject。 From the description given of this room by the deputies to the keepers of Trianon； the King concluded that they were looking for the scene enriched with paste ornaments； made in the reign of Louis XV。 for the theatre of Fontainebleau。
The King supposed that his Body Guards； on their return to the country； after their quarterly duty at Court； related what they had seen； and that their exaggerated accounts； being repeated； became at last totally perverted。 This idea of the King； after the search for the diamond chamber； suggested to the Queen that the report of the King's propensity for drinking also sprang from the guards who accompanied his carriage when he hunted at Rambouillet。 The King； who disliked sleeping out of his usual bed； was accustomed to leave that hunting…seat after supper； he generally slept soundly in his carriage； and awoke only on his arrival at the courtyard of his palace； he used to get down from his carriage in the midst of his Body Guards； staggering； as a man half awake will do； which was mistaken for intoxication。
The majority of the deputies who came imbued with prejudices produced by error or malevo
