the writings-5-第59章

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his；　and　that　this　can　only　be　done　by　menacing　him　with　superior

forces　at　different　points　at　the　same　time；　so　that　we　can　safely

attack　one　or　both　if　he　makes　no　change；　and　if　he　weakens　one　to

strengthen　the　other；　forbear　to　attack　the　strengthened　one；　but

seize　and　hold　the　weakened　one；　gaining　so　much。



To　illustrate：　Suppose　last　summer；　when　Winchester　ran　away　to

reinforce　Manassas；　we　had　forborne　to　attack　Manassas；　but　had

seized　and　held　Winchester。　　I　mention　this　to　illustrate　and　not　to

criticise。　　I　did　not　lose　confidence　in　McDowell；　and　I　think　less

harshly　of　Patterson　than　some　others　seem　to。　　。　　。　　。　　Applying　the

principle　to　your　case；　my　idea　is　that　Halleck　shall　menace　Columbus

and　〃down　river〃　generally；　while　you　menace　Bowling　Green　and　East

Tennessee。　　If　the　enemy　shall　concentrate　at　Bowling　Green；　do　not

retire　from　his　front；　yet　do　not　fight　him　there　either；　but　seize

Columbus　and　East　Tennessee；　one　or　both；　left　exposed　by　the

concentration　at　Bowling　Green。　　It　is　a　matter　of　no　small　anxiety

to　me；　and　which　I　am　sure　you　will　not　overlook；　that　the　East

Tennessee　line　is　so　long　and　over　so　bad　a　road。



Yours　very　truly；

A。　LINCOLN。



（Indorsement。）



Having　to…day　written　General　Buell　a　letter；　it　occurs　to　me　to　send

General　Halleck　a　copy　of　it。

A。　LINCOLN。









TO　GENERAL　H。　W。　HALLECK。



EXECUTIVE　MANSION；　WASHINGTON；　January　1　；　1862。



MAJOR…GENERAL　HALLECK。



MY　DEAR　SIR：The　Germans　are　true　and　patriotic　and　so　far　as　they

have　got　cross　in　Missouri　it　is　upon　mistake　and　misunderstanding。

Without　a　knowledge　of　its　contents；　Governor　Koerner；　of　Illinois；

will　hand　you　this　letter。　　He　is　an　educated　and　talented　German

gentleman；　as　true　a　man　as　lives。　　With　his　assistance　you　can　set

everything　right　with　the　Germans。　　。　　。　　。　　My　clear　judgment　is

that；　with　reference　to　the　German　element　in　your　command；　you

should　have　Governor　Koerner　with　you；　and　if　agreeable　to　you　and

him；　I　will　make　him　a　brigadier…general；　so　that　he　can　afford　to

give　his　time。　　He　does　not　wish　to　command　in　the　field；　though　he

has　more　military　knowledge　than　some　who　do。　　If　he　goes　into　the

place；　he　will　simply　be　an　efficient；　zealous；　and　unselfish

assistant　to　you。　　I　say　all　this　upon　intimate　personal　acquaintance

with　Governor　Koerner。



Yours　very　truly；



A。　LINCOLN









MESSAGE　TO　CONGRESS。



WASHINGTON；　January　17；　1862



TO　THE　SENATE　AND　HOUSE　OF　REPRESENTATIVES：



I　transmit　to　Congress　a　translation　of　an　instruction　to　the

minister　of　his　Majesty　the　King　of　Prussia　accredited　to　this

government；　and　a　copy　of　a　note　to　that　minister　from　the　Secretary

of　State　relating　to　the　capture　and　detention　of　certain　citizens　of

the　United　States；　passengers　on　board　the　British　steamer　Trent；　by

order　of　Captain　Wilkes　of　the　United　States　Navy。



ABRAHAM　LINCOLN









TO　GENERAL　McCLELLAN。



DEPARTMENT　OF　STATE；　WASHINGTON。



January　20；　1862。



MAJOR…GENERAL　GEORGE　B。　McCLELLAN；



Commanding　Armies　of　the　United　States：



You　or　any　officer　you　may　designate　will　in　your　discretion　suspend

the　writ　of　habeas　corpus　so　far　as　may　relate　to　Major　Chase；　lately

of　the　Engineer　Corps　of　the　Army　of　the　United　States；　now　alleged

to　be　guilty　of　treasonable　practices　against　this　government。



ABRAHAM　LINCOLN。



By　the　President：

WILLIAM　H。　SEWARD。









PRESIDENT'S　GENERAL　WAR　ORDER　NO。　1



EXECUTIVE　MANSION；　WASHINGTON　；　January　27；　1862。



Ordered；　That　the　22d　day　of　February；　1862；　be　the　day　for　a　general

movement　of　the　land　and　the　naval　forces　of　the　United　States

against　the　insurgent　forces。



That　especially　the　army　at　and　about　Fortress　Monroe；　the　Army　of

the　Potomac；　the　Army　of　Western　Virginia；　the　army　near

Munfordville；　Kentucky；　the　army　and　flotilla　at　Cairo；　and　a　naval

force　in　the　Gulf　of　Mexico；　be　ready　for　a　movement　on　that　day。



That　all　other　forces；　both　land　and　naval；　with　their　respective

commanders；　obey　existing　orders　for　the　time；　and　be　ready　to　obey

additional　orders　when　duly　given。



That　the　heads　of　departments；　and　especially　the　Secretaries　of　War

and　of　the　Navy；　with　all　their　subordinates；　and　the

General…in…chief；　with　all　other　commanders　and　subordinates　of　land

and　naval　forces；　will　severally　be　held　to　their　strict　and　full

responsibilities　for　the　prompt　execution　of　this　order。



ABRAHAM　LINCOLN。









TO　SECRETARY　STANTON；



EXECUTIVE　MANSION　WASHINGTON；　January　31；　1862



HON。　SECRETARY　OF　WAR。



MY　DEAR　SIR：It　is　my　wish　that　the　expedition　commonly　called　the

〃Lane　Expedition〃　shall　be；　as　much　as　has　been　promised　at　the

adjutant…general's　office；　under　the　supervision　of　General

McClellan；　and　not　any　more。　　I　have　not　intended；　and　do　not　now

intend；　that　it　shall　be　a　great；　exhausting　affair；　but　a　snug；

sober　column　of　10；000　or　15；000。　　General　Lane　has　been　told　by　me

many　times　that　he　is　under　the　command　of　General　Hunter；　and

assented　to　it　as　often　as　told。　　It　was　the　distinct　agreement

between　him　and　me；　when　I　appointed　him；　that　he　was　to　be　under

Hunter。



Yours　truly；

A。　LINCOLN。









PRESIDENT'S　SPECIAL　WAR　ORDER　NO。　1。



EXECUTIVE　MANSION；　WASHINGTON；　January　31；　1862。



Ordered；　That　all　the　disposable　force　of　the　Army　of　the　Potomac；

after　providing　safely　for　the　defence　of　Washington；　be　formed　into

an　expedition　for　the　immediate　object　of　seizing　and　occupying　a

point　upon　the　railroad　southwestward　of　what　is　known　as　Manassas

Junction；　all　details　to　be　in　the　discretion　of　the

commander…in…chief；　and　the　expedition　to　move　before　or　on　the　22d

day　of　February　next。



ABRAHAM　LINCOLN。









OPPOSITION　TO　McCLELLAN'S　PLANS



TO　GENERAL　G。　B。　McCLELLAN；



EXECUTIVE　MANSION；　WASHINGTON；　February　3；　1862。



MAJOR…GENERAL　MCCLELLAN。



DEAR　SIR　…You　and　I　have　distinct　and　different　plans　for　a　movement

of　the　Army　of　the　Potomacyours　to　be　down　the　Chesapeake；　up　the

Rappahannock　to　Urbana；　and　across　land　to　the　terminus　of　the

railroad　on　the　York　River；　mine　to　move　directly　to　a　point　on　the

railroad　southwest　of　Manassas。



If　you　will　give　me　satisfactory　answers　to　the　following　questions；

I　shall　gladly　yield　my　plan　to　yours。



First。　　　Does　not　your　plan　involve　a　greatly　larger　expenditure　of

time　and　money　than　mine？



Second。　　Wherein　is　a　victory　more　certain　by　your　plan　than　mine？



Third。　　Wherein　is　a　victory　more　valuable　by　your　plan　than　mine？



Fourth。　　In　fact；　would　it　not　be　less　valuable　in　this；　that　it

would　break　no　great　line　of　the　enemy's　communications；　while　mine

would？



Fifth。　　In　case　of　disaster；　would　not　a　retreat　be　more　difficult　by

your　plan　than　mine？



Yours　truly；

ABRAHAM　LINCOLN。









Memorandum　accompanying　Letter　of　President　Lincoln　to　General

McClellan；　dated　February　3；1862。



First。　　Suppose　the　enemy　should　attack　us　in　force　before　we　reach

the　Occoquan；　what？



Second。　　Suppose　the　enemy　in　force　shall　dispute　the　crossing　of　the

Occoquan；　what？　In　view　of　this；　might　it　not　be　safest　for　us　to

cross　the　Occoquan　at　Coichester；　rather　than　at　the　village　of

Occoquan？　This　would　cost　the　enemy　two　miles　of　travel　to　meet　us；

but　would；　on　the　contrary；　leave　us　two　miles　farther　from　our

ultimate

destination。



Third。　　Suppose　we　reach　Maple　Valley　without　an　attack；　will　we　not

be　attacked　there　in　force　by　the　enemy　marching　by　the　several　roads

from　Manassas；　and　if　so；　what？









TO　WM。　H。　HERNDON。



EXECUTIVE　MANSION；　WASHINGTON；

February　3；　1862。



DEAR　WILLIAM：Yours　of　January　30th　just　received。　Do　just　as　you

say　about　the　money　matter。



As　you　well　know；　I　have　not　time　to　write　a　letter　of　respectable

length。　God　bless　you；　says



Your　friend；



A。　LINCOLN。









RESPITE　FOR　NATHANIEL　GORDON



February　4；　1862



ABRAHAM　LINCOLN；

PRESIDENT　OF　THE　UNITED　STATES　OF　AMERICA；

To　all　to　whom　these　Presents　shall　come；　Greeting：



Whereas　it　appears　that　at　a　term　of　the　Circuit　Court　of　the　United

States　of　America　for　the　Southern　District　of　New　York　held　in　the

month　of　November；　A。D。　1861；　Nathaniel　Gordon　was　indicted　and

convicted　for　being　engaged　in　the　slave　trade；　and　was　by　the　said

court　sentenced　to　be　put　to　death　by　hanging　by　the　neck；　on　Friday

the　7th　day　of　February；　AD。　1862：



And　whereas　a　large　number　of　respectable　citizens　have　earnestly

besought　me　to　commute　the　said　sentence　of　the　said　Nathaniel　Gordon

to　a　term　of　imprisonment　for　life；　which　application　I　have　felt　it

to　be　my　duty　to　refuse：



And　whereas　it　has　seemed　to　me　probable　that　the　unsuccessful

application　made　for　the　commutation　of　his　sentence　may　have

prevented　the　said　Nathaniel　Gordon　from　making　the　necessary

preparation　for　the　awful　change　which　awaits　him；



Now；　therefore；　be　it　known；　that　I；　Abraham　Lincoln；　President　of

the　United　States　of　America；　have　granted　and　do　hereby　grant　unto

him；　the　said　Nathaniel　Gordon；　a　respite　of　the　above　recited

sentence；　until　Friday　the　twenty…first　day　of　February；　A。D。　1862；

between　the　hours　of　twelve　o'clock　at　noon　and　three　o'clock　in　the

afternoon　of　the　said　day；　when　the　said　sentence　shall　be　executed。



In　granting　this　respite；　it　becomes　my　painful　duty　to　admonish　the

prisoner　that；　relinquishing　all　expectation　of　pardon　by　human

authority；　he　refer　himself　alone　to　the　mercy　of　the　common　God　and

Father　of　all　men。



In　testimony　whereof　　I　have　hereunto　signed　my　name　and　caused　the

seal　of　the　United　States　to　be　affixed。



Done　at　the　City　of　Washington；　this　fourth　day　of　February；　A。D。

1862；　and　of　the　independence　of　the　United　States　the　eighty…sixth。



ABRAHAM　LINCOLN。



By　the　President：

WILLIAM　H。　SEWARD；　　Secretary　of　State。









MESSAGE　TO　THE　SENATE。



WASHINGTON　CITY；　February　4。　　1862



To　THE　SENATE　OF　THE　UNITED　STATES：



The　third　section　of　the　〃Act　further　to　promote　the　efficiency　of

the　Navy；〃　approved　December　21；　1862；　provides：



〃That　the　President　of　the　United　States；　by　and　with　the　advice　and

consent　of　the　Senate；　shall　have　the　authority　to　detail　from　the

retired　list　of　the　navy　for　the　command　of　squadrons　and　single

ships　such　officers　as　he　may　believe　that　the　good　of　the　service

requires　to　be　thus　placed　in　command；　and　such　officers　may；　if　upon

the　recommendation　of　the　President　of　the　United　States　they　shall

receive　a　vote　of　thanks　of　Congress　for　their　services　and　gallantry

in　action　against　an　enemy；　be　restored　to　the　active　list；　and　not

otherwise。〃



In　conformity　with　this　law；　Captain　Sa