the wars of the jews-第7章

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erusalem；　he　was　forced　to　fight；　and　lost　six　thousand　men　in　the　battle；　three　thousand　of　which　fell　down　dead；　and　three　thousand　were　taken　alive；　so　he　fled　with　the　remainder　to　Alexandrium。

4。　Now　when　Gabinius　was　come　to　Alexandrium；　because　he　found　a　great　many　there　en…camped；　he　tried；　by　promising　them　pardon　for　their　former　offenses；　to　induce　them　to　come　over　to　him　before　it　came　to　a　fight；　but　when　they　would　hearken　to　no　terms　of　accommodation；　he　slew　a　great　number　of　them；　and　shut　up　a　great　number　of　them　in　the　citadel。　Now　Marcus　Antonius；　their　leader；　signalized　himself　in　this　battle；　who；　as　he　always　showed　great　courage；　so　did　he　never　show　it　so　much　as　now；　but　Gabinius；　leaving　forces　to　take　the　citadel；　went　away　himself；　and　settled　the　cities　that　had　not　been　demolished；　and　rebuilt　those　that　had　been　destroyed。　Accordingly；　upon　his　injunctions；　the　following　cities　were　restored：　Scythopolis；　and　Samaria；　and　Anthedon；　and　Apollonia；　and　Jamnia；　and　Raphia；　and　Mariassa；　and　Adoreus；　and　Gamala；　and　Ashdod；　and　many　others；　while　a　great　number　of　men　readily　ran　to　each　of　them；　and　became　their　inhabitants。

5。　When　Gabinius　had　taken　care　of　these　cities；　he　returned　to　Alexandrium；　and　pressed　on　the　siege。　So　when　Alexander　despaired　of　ever　obtaining　the　government；　he　sent　ambassadors　to　him；　and　prayed　him　to　forgive　what　he　had　offended　him　in；　and　gave　up　to　him　the　remaining　fortresses；　Hyrcanium　and　Macherus；　as　he　put　Alexandrium　into　his　hands　afterwards；　all　which　Gabinius　demolished；　at　the　persuasion　of　Alexander's　mother；　that　they　might　not　be　receptacles　of　men　in　a　second　war。　She　was　now　there　in　order　to　mollify　Gabinius；　out　of　her　concern　for　her　relations　that　were　captives　at　Rome；　which　were　her　husband　and　her　other　children。　After　this　Gabinius　brought　Hyrcanus　to　Jerusalem；　and　committed　the　care　of　the　temple　to　him；　but　ordained　the　other　political　government　to　be　by　an　aristocracy。　He　also　parted　the　whole　nation　into　five　conventions；　assigning　one　portion　to　Jerusalem；　another　to　Gadara；　that　another　should　belong　to　Amathus；　a　fourth　to　Jericho；　and　to　the　fifth　division　was　allotted　Sepphoris；　a　city　of　Galilee。　So　the　people　were　glad　to　be　thus　freed　from　monarchical　government；　and　were　governed　for　the　future　by　all　aristocracy。

6。　Yet　did　Aristobulus　afford　another　foundation　for　new　disturbances。　He　fled　away　from　Rome；　and　got　together　again　many　of　the　Jews　that　were　desirous　of　a　change；　such　as　had　borne　an　affection　to　him　of　old；　and　when　he　had　taken　Alexandrium　in　the　first　place；　he　attempted　to　build　a　wall　about　it；　but　as　soon　as　Gabinius　had　sent　an　army　against　him　under　Siscuria；　and　Antonius；　and　Servilius；　he　was　aware　of　it；　and　retreated　to　Macherus。　And　as　for　the　unprofitable　multitude；　he　dismissed　them；　and　only　marched　on　with　those　that　were　armed；　being　to　the　number　of　eight　thousand；　among　whom　was　Pitholaus；　who　had　been　the　lieutenant　at　Jerusalem；　but　deserted　to　Aristobulus　with　a　thousand　of　his　men；　so　the　Romans　followed　him；　and　when　it　came　to　a　battle；　Aristobulus's　party　for　a　long　time　fought　courageously；　but　at　length　they　were　overborne　by　the　Romans；　and　of　them　five　thousand　fell　down　dead；　and　about　two　thousand　fled　to　a　certain　little　hill；　but　the　thousand　that　remained　with　Aristobulus　brake　through　the　Roman　army；　and　marched　together　to　Macherus；　and　when　the　king　had　lodged　the　first　night　upon　its　ruins；　he　was　in　hopes　of　raising　another　army；　if　the　war　would　but　cease　a　while；　accordingly；　he　fortified　that　strong　hold；　though　it　was　done　after　a　poor　manner。　But　the　Romans　falling　upon　him；　he　resisted；　even　beyond　his　abilities；　for　two　days；　and　then　was　taken；　and　brought　a　prisoner　to　Gabinius；　with　Antigonus　his　son；　who　had　fled　away　together　with　him　from　Rome；　and　from　Gabinius　he　was　carried　to　Rome　again。　Wherefore　the　senate　put　him　under　confinement；　but　returned　his　children　back　to　Judea；　because　Gabinius　informed　them　by　letters　that　he　had　promised　Aristobulus's　mother　to　do　so；　for　her　delivering　the　fortresses　up　to　him。

7。　But　now　as　Gabinius　was　marching　to　the　war　against　the　Parthians；　he　was　hindered　by　Ptolemy；　whom；　upon　his　return　from　Euphrates；　he　brought　back　into　Egypt；　making　use　of　Hyrcanus　and　Antipater　to　provide　every　thing　that　was　necessary　for　this　expedition；　for　Antipater　furnished　him　with　money；　and　weapons；　and　corn；　and　auxiliaries；　he　also　prevailed　with　the　Jews　that　were　there；　and　guarded　the　avenues　at　Pelusium；　to　let　them　pass。　But　now；　upon　Gabinius's　absence；　the　other　part　of　Syria　was　in　motion；　and　Alexander；　the　son　of　Aristobulus；　brought　the　Jews　to　revolt　again。　Accordingly；　he　got　together　a　very　great　army；　and　set　about　killing　all　the　Romans　that　were　in　the　country；　hereupon　Gabinius　was　afraid；　（for　he　was　come　back　already　out　of　Egypt；　and　obliged　to　come　back　quickly　by　these　tumults；）　and　sent　Antipater；　who　prevailed　with　some　of　the　revolters　to　be　quiet。　However；　thirty　thousand　still　continued　with　Alexander；　who　was　himself　eager　to　fight　also；　accordingly；　Gabinius　went　out　to　fight；　when　the　Jews　met　him；　and　as　the　battle　was　fought　near　Mount　Tabor；　ten　thousand　of　them　were　slain；　and　the　rest　of　the　multitude　dispersed　themselves；　and　fled　away。　So　Gabinius　came　to　Jerusalem；　and　settled　the　government　as　Antipater　would　have　it；　thence　he　marched；　and　fought　and　beat　the　Nabateans：　as　for　Mithridates　and　Orsanes；　who　fled　out　of　Parthin；　he　sent　them　away　privately；　but　gave　it　out　among　the　soldiers　that　they　had　run　away。

8。　In　the　mean　time；　Crassus　came　as　successor　to　Gabinius　in　Syria。　He　took　away　all　the　rest　of　the　gold　belonging　to　the　temple　of　Jerusalem；　in　order　to　furnish　himself　for　his　expedition　against　the　Parthians。　He　also　took　away　the　two　thousand　talents　which　Pompey　had　not　touched；　but　when　he　had　passed　over　Euphrates；　he　perished　himself；　and　his　army　with　him；　concerning　which　affairs　this　is　not　a　proper　time　to　speak　＇more　largely＇。

9。　But　now　Cassius；　after　Crassus；　put　a　stop　to　the　Parthians；　who　were　marching　in　order　to　enter　Syria。　Cassius　had　fled　into　that　province；　and　when　he　had　taken　possession　of　the　same；　he　made　a　hasty　march　into　Judea；　and；　upon　his　taking　Taricheae；　he　carried　thirty　thousand　Jews　into　slavery。　He　also　slew　Pitholaus；　who　had　supported　the　seditious　followers　of　Aristobulus；　and　it　was　Antipater　who　advised　him　so　to　do。　Now　this　Antipater　married　a　wife　of　an　eminent　family　among　the　Arabisus；　whose　name　was　Cypros；　and　had　four　sons　born　to　him　by　her；　Phasaelus　and　Herod；　who　was　afterwards　king；　and；　besides　these；　Joseph　and　Pheroras；　and　he　had　a　daughter　whose　name　was　Salome。　Now　as　he　made　himself　friends　among　the　men　of　power　every　where；　by　the　kind　offices　he　did　them；　and　the　hospitable　manner　that　he　treated　them；　so　did　he　contract　the　greatest　friendship　with　the　king　of　Arabia；　by　marrying　his　relation；　insomuch　that　when　he　made　war　with　Aristobulus；　he　sent　and　intrusted　his　children　with　him。　So　when　Cassius　had　forced　Alexander　to　come　to　terms　and　to　be　quiet；　he　returned　to　Euphrates；　in　order　to　prevent　the　Parthians　from　repassing　it；　concerning　which　matter　we　shall　speak　elsewhere。　（11）

CHAPTER　9。

Aristobulus　Is　Taken　Off　By　Pompey's　Friends；　As　Is　His　Son　Alexander　By　Scipio。　Antipater　Cultivates　A　Friendship　With　Caesar；　After　Pompey's　Death；　He　Also　Performs　Great　Actions　In　That　War；　Wherein　He　Assisted　Mithridates。

1。　Now；　upon　the　flight　of　Pompey　and　of　the　senate　beyond　the　Ionian　Sea；　Caesar　got　Rome　and　the　empire　under　his　power；　and　released　Aristobulus　from　his　bonds。　He　also　committed　two　legions　to　him；　and　sent　him　in　haste　into　Syria；　as　hoping　that　by　his　means　he　should　easily　conquer　that　country；　and　the　parts　adjoining　to　Judea。　But　envy　prevented　any　effect　of　Aristobulus's　alacrity；　and　the　hopes　of　Caesar；　for　he　was　taken　off　by　poison　given　him　by　those　of　Pompey's　party；　and；　for　a　long　while；　he　had　not　so　much　as　a　burial　vouchsafed　him　in　his　own　country；　but　his　dead　body　lay　＇above　ground＇；　preserved　in　honey；　until　it　was　sent　to　the　Jews　by　Antony；　in　order　to　be　buried　in　the　royal　sepulchers。

2。　His　son　Alexander　also　was　beheaded　by　Sci…pio　at　Antioch；　and　that　by　the　command　of　Pompey；　and　upon　an　accusation　laid　against　him　before　his　tribunal；　for　the　mischiefs　he　had　done　to　the　Romans。　But　Ptolemy；　the　son　of　Menneus；　who　was　then　ruler　of　Chalcis；　under　Libanus；　took　his　brethren　to　him　by　sending　his　son　Philippio　for　them　to　Ascalon；　who　took　Antigonus；　as　well　as　his　sisters；　away　from　Aristobulus's　wife；　and　brought　them　to　his　father；　and　falling　in　love　with　the　younger　daughter；　he　married　her；　and　was　afterwards　slain　by　his　father　on　her　account；　for　Ptolemy　himself；　after　he　had　slain　his　son；　married　her；　whose　name　was　Alexandra；　on　the　account　of　which　marriage　he　took　the　greater　care　of　her　brother　and　sister。　　3。　Now；　after　Pompey　was　dead；　Antipater　changed　sides；　and　cultivated　a　friendship　with　Caesar。　And　since　Mithridates　of　Pergamus；　with　the　forces　he　led　against　Egypt；　was　excluded　from　the　avenues　about　Pelusium；　and　was　forced　to　stay　at　Asealon；　he　persuaded　the　Arabians；　among　whom　he　had　lived；　to　assist　him；　and　came　himself　to　him；　at　the　head　of　three　thousand　armed　men。　He　also　encouraged　the　men　of　power　in　Syria　to　come　to　his　assistance；　as　also　of　the　inhabitants　of　Libanus；　Ptolemy；　and　Jamblicus；　and　another　Ptolemy；　by　which　means　the　cities　of　that　country　came　readily　into　this　war；　insomuch　that　Mithridates　ventured　now；　in　dependence　upon　the　additional　strength　that　he　had　gotten　by　Antipater；　to　march　forward　to　Pelusium；　and　when　they　refused　him　a　passage　through　it；　he　besieged　the　city；　in　the　attack　of　which　place　Antipater　principally　signalized　himself；　for　he　brought　down　that　part　of　the　wall　which　was　over　against　him；　and　leaped　first　of　all　into　the　city；　with　the　men　that　were　about　him。

4。　Thus　was　Pelusium　taken。　But　still；　as　they　were　marching　on；　those　Egyptian　Jews　that　inhabited　the　country　called　the　country　of　Onias　stopped　them。　Then　did　Antipater　not　only　persuade　them　not　to　stop　them；　but　to　afford　provisions　for　their　army；　on　which　account　even　the　people　about　Memphis　would　not　fight　against　them；　but　of　their　own　accord　joined　Mithridates。　Whereupon　he　went　round　about　Delta；　and　fought　the　rest　of　the　Egyptians　at　a　place　called　the　Jews'　Camp；　nay；　when　he　was　in　danger　in　the　battle　with　all　his　right　wing；　Antipater　wheeled　about；　and　came　along　the　bank　of　the　river　to　him；　for　he　had　beaten　those　that　opposed　him　as　he　led　the　left　wing。　After　which　success　he　fell　upon　those　that　pursued　Mithridates；　and　slew　a　great　many　of　them；　and　pursued　the　remainder　so　far　that　he　took　their　camp；　while　he　lost　no　more　than　fourscore　of　his　own　men；　as　Mithridates　lost；　during　the　pursuit　that　was　made　after　him；　about　eight　hundred。　He　was　also　himself　saved　unexpectedly；　and　became　an　unreproachable　witness　to　Caesar　of　the　great　actions　of　Antipater。

5。　Whereupon　Caesar　encouraged　Antipater　to　undertake　other　hazardous　enterprises　for　him；　and　that　by　giving　him　great　comme